ObjectiveTo study the constituents in the twigs and leaves of Rhododendron primulaeflorum.MethodsThe constituents were separated and purified with chromatographic methods.Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (1D,2D NMR,IR,and HR-ESI-MS) and chemical analyses.Results One new phenylpropanol glycoside,4-hydroxyl-5-methoxyl-phenylpropanol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),and its aglycone (2) were successfully isolated from the twigs and leaves of R.primulaeflorum.ConclusionCompound 1 is a new phenylpropanol glycoside.Compounds 1 and 2 are isolated from this plant for the first time.