No abstract available.
Nail Diseases ; Nails, Malformed ; Melanoma ; Skin Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Immunohistochemistry ; Nails ; Nail Diseases ; Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial

Onychomycosis is not uncommon among nail diseases. A review of the reports between 1985 and December 2004 found it to be increasing (0.86%) until 1988 among the outpatients in the department of dermatology, but it decreased thereafter to the current average of 0.48% (0.43~0.53%). No difference was found in the occurrence between the genders. It was most frequently seen in patients aged 40~49 (22%) followed by those aged 50~59 (19.6%), 30~39 (19.3%) and 20~29 (13.6%) respectively, although some discrepancies were shown among the investigators. A new classification of onychomycosis was reported by Baran et al in 1998, approximately 25 years after the first classification of four types published by Zaias in 1972. They suggested onychomycosis should be categorized into five clinical types: distal and lateral (DLSO), superficial, proximal subungual (PSO), endonyx, and total dystrophic (TDO). The basis of the new classification was the pattern of nail plate involvement by mode and site invasion, rather than fungal etiology; therefore, Candida onychomycosis is not a separate category in the new classification. Nail growth rate can be an important factor that determines the initiation of the infection, the treatment periods or results in onychomycosis. It depends mainly on the turnover rate of the nail matrix cells, but is influenced by numerous environmental, physiological, and pathological factors.
Candida ; Classification ; Dermatology ; Humans ; Nail Diseases ; Onychomycosis* ; Outpatients ; Research Personnel

We describe a case of a 10-year old female who consulted at our institution with plaques on the scalp, neck, trunk and extremities. The lesions were multiple, erythematous to violaceous, flat-topped papules and plaques with Wickham's striae. The nail involvement showed thinning of the nail plate, onycholysis, onychodystrophy, longitudinal ridging, and starting pterygium. Biopsy showed orthokeratosis, wedge-shaped hypergranulosis, irregular acanthosis and lichenoid pattern (mostly lymphocytes). Focal vacuolar alteration is also noted with few melanophages present and few Civatte bodies are noted. Negative HBsAg, anti-HBs and HCV were noted. The patient was treated with clobetasol dipropionate ointment,prednisone 10mg/day, oral antibiotic and antihistamine with marked clinical improvement after 2 weeks.

Human ; Female ; Child ; Anti-bacterial Agents ; Clobetasol ; Lymphocytes ; Nail Diseases ; Nails ; Prednisone ; Pterygium ; Scalp ; Skin Diseases

PURPOSE: Despite a high frequency of acquired nail disease, congenital absence of the nail, also called as anonychia, is a rare anomaly. It may be seen as an isolated of phalangeal bone(ectrodactyly), nail-patella syndrome, birth trauma, impaired peripheral circulation, alopecia areata, and pemphigus, idiopathic atrophy of the nail, bullous drug eruptions, periodic shedding, lichen planus, Stenvens-Johnson syndrome and so forth. METHODS: We have experienced a rare case of 40-day-old neonate, suffering from intrauterine growth retardation, but without familial history, chromosomal anomalies or any other diseases. RESULTS: There was no nail on left 5th finger and distal phalangeal bone of same finger. So, We diagnosed as Congenital Anonychia with ectrodactyly of 5th Finger. CONCLUSION: We report this case as congenital anonychia of 5th finger which have developed from underlying distal phalangeal ectrodactyly. We also review other reported cased in the literatures.
Alopecia Areata ; Atrophy ; Drug Eruptions ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Fingers* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lichen Planus ; Nail Diseases ; Nail-Patella Syndrome ; Parturition ; Pemphigus

BACKGROUND: Nail diseases are frequently encountered disorders to dermatologists comprising approximately 10% of entire dermatologic conditions. Despite tremendous development in dermatology, there are still difficulties in making a proper diagnosis of nail diseases. Furthermore, no methods have proven to be satisfactory in classifying nail diseases up to now. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to clarify and classify the clinical characteristics of patients with nail diseases who visited 'Nail disease clinic' in Seoul National University Hospital, and in Seoul City Boramae Hospital from July, 1996 to December, 1998. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis was undertaken by reviewing the clinical records, photographs and results of mycological and histopathological studies. Patients were classified according to the cause of their nail diseases or to the main physical signs of nail apparatus. RESULTS: The total number of patients was 255(male 95, female 160). Specific cause of nail diseases was found in 135 patients(52.9%). The remaining 120 patients were classified according to the main physical signs such as trachyonychia, onycholysis, chronic paronychia and so on. CONCLUSION: Major disease groups classified according to their physical signs had its own characteristics besides age and sex distribution. So when the cause of nail disease can not be determined, classifying these nail diseases by physical signs could be useful in treating and managing these patients appropriately.
Classification* ; Dermatology ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Nail Diseases* ; Onycholysis ; Paronychia ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Sex Distribution

Onychomycosis due to Fusarium species almost always involves the great toe nails, especially those affected by traumatic and dystrophic abnormalities. The combination of proximal subungal onychomycosis with subacute or acute paronychia is the typical finding of nail disease due to Fusarium species. The patient was a 12-year-old Korean boy who presented with tenderness and onychoschizia of right great toenail and painful, erythematous swelling and vesicles on periungual area of the right great toe for 10 days. The patient has been healthy except marked growth retardation of both great toe nails with familian backgrounds. Direct microscopic examination of scraping on the potassium hydroxide preparation revealed fungal elements and repeated cultures on Sabouraud dextrose agar showed the same white colonies. Slide culture revealed abundant, oval shaped microconidia and three to five septated, sickle-shaped macroconidia, which was consistent with Fusarim oxysporum. The nail symptoms showed good response to the systemic therapy with terbinafine 250 mg daily. He is now under observation after 3 months of the systemic therapy.
Agar ; Child ; Fusarium* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Male ; Nail Diseases ; Nails ; Onychomycosis* ; Paronychia* ; Potassium ; Toes

Onychomycosis due to Fusarium species almost always involves the great toe nails, especially those affected by traumatic and dystrophic abnormalities. The combination of proximal subungal onychomycosis with subacute or acute paronychia is the typical finding of nail disease due to Fusarium species. The patient was a 12-year-old Korean boy who presented with tenderness and onychoschizia of right great toenail and painful, erythematous swelling and vesicles on periungual area of the right great toe for 10 days. The patient has been healthy except marked growth retardation of both great toe nails with familian backgrounds. Direct microscopic examination of scraping on the potassium hydroxide preparation revealed fungal elements and repeated cultures on Sabouraud dextrose agar showed the same white colonies. Slide culture revealed abundant, oval shaped microconidia and three to five septated, sickle-shaped macroconidia, which was consistent with Fusarim oxysporum. The nail symptoms showed good response to the systemic therapy with terbinafine 250 mg daily. He is now under observation after 3 months of the systemic therapy.
Agar ; Child ; Fusarium* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Male ; Nail Diseases ; Nails ; Onychomycosis* ; Paronychia* ; Potassium ; Toes

BACKGROUND: There have been increasing patients with nail diseases at a dermatology department. Some nail disorders in children may differ from those observed in adults in terms of their incidence or manifestations. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the frequency and nature of nail alterations in pediatric patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and clinical photos of 2,514 patients under 18-year-old with nail disorders who had visited Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital between January 2003 and December 2013. RESULTS: The number of pediatric patients with nail disorders has been increased since 2008. Among 2,514 patients, infectious nail diseases were most common (64.4%). Others included; other unclassified nail change (21.4%), traumatic nail disorders (7.9%), nail involvement of dermatologic diseases (4.6%), nail change with systemic conditions (0.7%), tumors involving nail apparatus (0.6%), and congenital or inherited conditions (0.1%). Unlike adults, pediatric patients showed small proportion of onychomycosis but large proportion of traumatic nail diseases CONCLUSION: Most common nail disease in children was viral wart, and this result differed from that of adults in previous studies. Pediatric nail alterations have been increasing major concerns in patients who visit dermatologic clinics so that recognizing the frequency and manifestation of nail disorders in children can be helpful of evaluating pediatric patients with nail change.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child* ; Dermatology ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Nail Diseases ; Onychomycosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Warts

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; complications ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nail Diseases ; etiology