PPAR ? is one of the three isoforms of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) which are essential regulators of lipid storage and metabolism. PPAR ? primarily stimulats lipid metabolism and energy uncoupling in adipocytes and myocytes as well as involvs in the onset and development of many diseases. As the target of medicines, PPAR ? agonists may be powerful drugs for epidermal wound and metabolic syndrome X.

AIM: To observe the interocular symmetry of primary angle-closure suspects` (PACS) parameters using IOL Master.METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study.Totally 112 eyes from 56 subjects were enrolled to detect the difference of the bilateral axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and white to white distance(WTW), and to evaluate the correlation between the interocular differences of △AL, △ACD and △WTW and age, gender.RESULTS: All the parameters were analyzed by paired-samples t test and there were no significant interocular difference (P>0.05).There was no relation of ΔAL,ΔACD and ΔWTW with age and gender.CONCLUSION: Interocular symmetry of parameters by IOL Master was observed in PACS, and we found that the symmetry would not be altered when the age and gender had changed.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; methods ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Child ; Coronary Aneurysm ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Coronary Thrombosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Coronary Vessels ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

Objective To investigate the effects of morphine dependence and withdrawal on neurosteroids and amino acid transmitters of rat amygdala. Methods Morphine dependence was induced by pretreatment with increasing doses of morphine for 7 days. Withdrawal was precipitated by naloxone (2mg/kg). Withdrawal syndromes were observed and scored. After decapitation, amygdala was dissected out. Nomadic and conjugated neurosteroids were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction. Concentrations of neurosteroids including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), pregnenolone (PREG), allopregnanolone (AP), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and pregnenolone sulfate (PREGS) were detected with HPLC-MS. Concentrations of glycine (GLY), glutamate (GLU) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were quantitated by HPLC-ECD with pre-column OPA derivatization. Results Compared with saline control, the DHEA level in rat amygdala of morphine dependent group decreased by 33% (P＜0.01). Compared with naloxone control, the PREG and AP levels in rat amygdala of morphine withdrawal group increased by 45% (P＜0.05) and 42% (P＜0.05) respectively; the GABA level decreased by 18% (P＜0.01). Compared with morphine dependent group, the PREG and PREGS levels in rat amygdala of morphine withdrawal group increased by 60% and 40% respectively (P＜0.05); the glycine level decreased by 14% (P＜0.05). Conclusion The DHEA in rat amygdala may play a role in the development of morphine dependence but not involved in the manifestation of withdrawal symptoms. Other neurosteroids (including PREG, AP and PREGS) in rat amygdala seem to be involved in withdrawal but not in dependence. The synthesis and release of inhibitory amino acids in amygdala were depressed when withdrawal was precipitated by naloxone. The results suggest that different changes of neurosteroids and amino acids exist in stages of morphine dependence and withdrawal.

This paper introduced multiple flexible teaching methods in medical immunology based on its characteristics including paying attention to introductory class,activating class atmosphere,integrating multiple teaching form.Results showed that these methods stimulating interests of the students,improving their comprehensive quality and ability of innovation,so teaching effect can be improved accordingly.

Objective To investigate the effect of transitional care of physical and mental health of the thoracic spinal cord injury and paraplegic patients discharged on its recovery. Methods Randomized controlled analysis of patients in Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Surgery between June 2014 to October 2015, a total of 65 patients with thoracic spinal cord injury and paraplegic were studied, according to hospital mantissa odd and even numbers divided into observation group (35 cases) and control group (30 cases). The observation group was instituted to extending posthospital care, not the control group. The self-care ability and psychological state were evaluated by Function Independent Measure (FIM), Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)within discharge and in 3 months. And the incidence of complications between the two groups were compared. Results At discharge, the difference of FIM, HAMA, HAMD score between the observation group and the control group was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Discharged after 3 months, the score of FIM, HAMA, HAMD in observation group was(72.35 ± 4.35),(4.80 ± 4.50),(12.13 ± 7.25)points, (63.95 ± 5.02),(10.15 ± 4.91), (19.48 ± 8.31)points in control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=-4.798, 3.524, 3.110, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of pulmonary infection and blood clots between two groups (P > 0.05); The incidence of urinary tract infection, pressure ulcers, constipation were 8.57% (3/35), 5.71% (2/35), 17.14% (6/35) in observation group, 40.00% (12/30), 33.33%(10/30), 63.33%(19/30) in control group, there were significant differences between, two groups (χ2= 4.324, 4.219, 5.337, P < 0.05). Conclusions Transitional care can significantly improve the psychological state of patients with thoracic spinal cord injury and paraplegia discharged, reduce the incidence of complications and improve quality of life.

Objective To observe the effects of intensive insulin therapy on C-reactive protein (CRP) ,interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α ) in the patients of critical illness complicated with hyperglycemia and its incidence of side effect. Methods Two hundred and nine patients of critical illness complicated with hyperglycemia were randomly divided into intensive insulin therapy group (106 patients,blood glucose maintained at a level of 4.4-6.1 mmol/L) and conventional insulin therapy group ( 103 patients, blood glucose maintained at a level of 9.0-11.1 mmol/L). Serum levels of CRP,TNF- α and IL-6 were determined on 0,24,48,72 h respectively after ICU admission. Results The levels of blood glucose of both groups reached the target level. The incidence rates of the hypoglycemia had no significant difference between two groups [6.60 % (7/106) vs. 4.76% ( 3/63 ),P > 0.05]. After 72 h treatment, serum level of CRP in intensive insulin therapy group was significantly lower than that in conventional insulin therapy group (P < 0.05 ). After 24,48 and 72 h treatment, serum level of IL-6 in intensive insulin therapy group was significantly lower than that in conventional insulin therapy group (P < 0.05 ). After 48 and 72 h treatment, serum level of TNF-αin intensive insulin therapy group was significantly lower than that in conventional insulin therapy group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Intensive insulin therapy can significantly decrease the levels of non-specific inflammatory factors in patients of critical illness complicated with hyperglycemia, which brings beneficial effect to the patients.

Objective To study effects of tethered spinal cord on functions of bladder and urethra. Methods Thirty six patients with tethered spinal cord were evaluated by video urodynamic studies. Filling phase function of bladder was evaluated by compliance of bladder and the presence of vesicoureteral reflux; voiding phase function of bladder was evaluated by maximal detrusor pressure; the synergy between detrusor and external urethral sphincter and continence of urethra were evaluated by voiding study with synchronous X ray image and pressure flow plot. Results 50% patients was diagnosed as detrusor areflexia with low compliance bladder, which was the main type of neurogenic bladder for patients with tethered spinal cord. And 22% was diagnosed as detrusor hyperreflexia. The incidence (83%)of damage of kidney function in patients with detrsusor areflexia and low compliance was significantly higher than patients with detrusor hyperreflexia ( P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective mechanism of recombinant bactericidal permeability-increasing protein 21(rBPI21) in rat endotoxemia.METHODS The different dosage of rBPI21 in endotoxemia rats was injected and the changes in lipopolysaccharide(LPS), lipopolysaccharide binding protein(LBP) and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF?) contents in blood of different group rats were continuously observed.RESULTS At 6 and 12 hours,the levels of LPS in rBPI21 treatment 1 group(rBPI21 dosage 0.625 mg/kg) were significantly lower than those in endotoxin group at the same time.Serum LBP and TNF? in rBPI21 treatment 1 group were both lower than those in endotoxin group at any time point.Compared with the endotoxin group,the levels of LPS,LBP,and TNF? in rBPI21 treatment 2,3 and 4 groups(rBPI21 dosage 1.25 mg/kg,2.5mg/kg,and 5.0mg/kg,respectively) markedly dropped at any time points,the survival rates were increased from 16.7%(endotoxin group) to 58.3%,91.7% and 100%(rBPI21 treatment 2,3,and 4 groups) individually.CONCLUSIONS The protection of rBPI21 in endotoxemia rats is primarily achieved through neutralizing LPS,decreasing LPS activity in vivo and inhibiting LBP and TNF-? synthesis.