Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To investigate the reference value of ultrasonography (US) image features, elastography and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in preoperative diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).Methods:Retrospective analysis was conducted to collect clinical data of patients undergoing thyroid surgery in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from September 2018 to January 2020. All patients underwent conventional ultrasound, elastography examination and serum TSH level measurement before surgery; patients were divided into benign group and DTC group according to the results of pathological results of the operation, and the US image features and elasticity score were analyzed by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the causes of DTC; a multivariate logistic regression model was established and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn with the regression model, by analyzing the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, the reference value of US image features, elastography and serum TSH levels in the preoperative diagnosis of DTC were judged.Results:Clinical data of 81 patients were collected, including 17 men and 64 women, aged (48.72 ± 10.58) years. In benign group, there were 37 cases, including 10 men and 27 women, with age of (53.24 ± 9.59) years; there were 44 patients in DTC group, including 7 men and 37 women, with age of (44.91 ± 9.95) years old, the age difference between benign group and DTC group was significant ( t = 3.822, P < 0.05), while the gender difference was not statistically significant (χ 2 = 1.498, P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the number, size, echo level, microcalcification, aspect ratio and elasticity score between benign group and DTC group (χ 2 = 49.000, 4.457, 32.111, 5.444, 4.457, 49.926, P < 0.05); multivariate logistic analysis showed that hypoecho, microcalcification, aspect ratio > 1 and elasticity score were risk factors for DTC ( OR = 8.042, 4.787, 4.160, 2.380, P < 0.05), the ROC curve of the multivariate logistic regression model showed that the AUC was 0.841 (95% CI = 0.743 - 0.939), sensitivity was 90.91%, specificity was 72.97%, and accuracy was 82.72%; the AUC of serum TSH level prediction of DTC showed that the AUC was 0.721 ( P < 0.05), sensitivity was 72.70%, specificity was 64.90%, accuracy was 54.30%, and TSH best cut-off value was 2.215 μU/ml. Conclusion:In the preoperative diagnosis of DTC, US image features, elastography and serum TSH levels are of important clinical reference value for diagnosis of DTC, and the establishment of multivariate logistic regression model is conducive in improving the clinicians prediction of the occurrence of DTC.

Objective To develop an immunomagnetic bead ( IMB) assay for quantitative detection enolase ( Eno) of Candi-da albicans, and to improve the diagonosis of invasive candidiasis . Methods The immunomagnetic bead was prepared by conjuga-ting with Anti Eno of Candida albicans monoclonal antibody .HRP-conjugated goat polyclonal antibody against Candida albicans Eno was employed as detecting antibody .The performance parameters of the IMB assay including precision , specificity, linear range and limit of detection were verified by using recombinant Candida albicans Eno.Then the developed assay was applied to determine Eno levels in supernatant of pathogenic fungi cultures . Results The intra and inter-coefficient of variation was 4.54%, 5.87% and 5.26%, 8.82%at the concentration of 25 ng/mL and 5 ng/mL, respectively.The limit of detection was 0.5 ng/mL.The linear range was(0.5-50) ng/mL.The level of Eno in Candida albicans culture after incubated in 37℃for 24 h was 3.89 ng/mL and gradually in-creased to 37.89 ng/mL at 120 h.There was a positive correlation between the level of Eno and growth hyphae of Candiad albicans. There was weak cross reaction with Candida parapsilosis and no cross reaction with Candida tropicalis, Candida guilliermondii, Candida glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Conclusion An IMB assay for quantitative detection Eno of Candida albicans was developed , which was more sensitive , rapid and reliable than previous qualitative ELISA .The IMB assay has the potential to be applied to the research in invasive candidasis .

Objectivc To observe the short-term changes of anterior corneal biometry after discontinuation of orthokeratology in patients with 2-year wearing.Methods Retrospective study.Sixty myopic patients aged from 8-14 years old during October 2012 and October 2014 were wearing orthokeratology for 2 years in Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital.According to the degree of myopia,they are divided into three groups(SE≤-2.00 D for group A,-2.00 D ＜ SE ≤-4.00 D for group B and -4.00 D ＜ SE ≤-6.00 D for group C).The recovery of anterior corneal curvature,including flat K(FK),steep K(SK),average K (AVEK),changes of axial length and central corneal thickness (CCT) at 1 week,2 weeks,1 month after discontinuation of orthokeratology were observed.Results There was no statistical differences in FK,SK,AVEK before and 2 weeks after wearing orthokeratology in group A (all P ＞ 0.05).While in group B,there was no significant difference in FK,SK,AVEK before and 1 month after wearing orthokeratology;There were statistically differences in FK,SK,AVEK at 1 month after discontinuation in group C compared with the baseline (all P ＜0.05).As for CCT,there was no statistical differences among group A,B,C after discontinuation of orthokeratology for 2 weeks (all P ＞ 0.05).There were statistical differences in the axial length between 1 week and 2 weeks after discontinuation of orthokeratology in group B and C (all P ＜ 0.05);There were statistical differences in the axial length between 1 month and 2 weeks after discontinuation of orthokeratology in three groups (all P ＜ 0.05);Compared with the state before wearing orthokeratology,the increase of axial length in group A,B,C were (0.43 ± 0.36) mm,(0.35 ± 0.21)mm and (0.36 ± 0.29) ram,respectively.Conclusion The time course of returning to the original corneal parameter varies among different degree of myopia,and the axial length has no significant growth after short-term discontinuation.

Objective To transplant the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(UCMSCs) derived from human umbilical cord into cisterna magna of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) rat model,and to observe their survival,proliferation and differentiation in the rat brain.Methods UCMSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord of babies delivered after full-term normal cesarean section,and labeled by bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU).Pregnant rats were randomly divided into experimental group(n=6) and control group(n=1).HIE models were built by ligating both sides of the uterine arteries of full-pregnant rats(21 days) in experimental group rats for 15 minutes.The neonatal rats in experimental group were divided into stem cells group(n=24) and PBS group(n=19) at random.The labeled UCMSCs were injected into cisterna magna of the rats in stem cells group,while PBS was injected into the rats of PBS group.In 1,2,3 and 4 weeks after transplantation,the brain tissue section slides were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies against BrdU,Nestin,neuron specific enolase(NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),and thionin.Control group with normal delivery was tested as concurrent control.Results At 1 week after transplantation,BrdU,Nestin,NSE and GFAP positive cells were found in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of the rats in stem cells group rats.The number of BrdU-positive and Nestin-positive cells increased(Pa0.05).The NSE-positive and GFAP-positive cells gradually increased from 1-4 weeks post transplantation and comparisons between groups had statistical significance(Pa

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Kidney Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo review the effects of optic nerve decompression by endoscopic technique in traumatic optic neuropathy.

METHODSSeventy-two patients (73 eyes) with traumatic optic neuropathy which were treated with large dose of glucocorticoid but inefficacious were undergone endoscopic optic nerve decompression. The days from injury to surgery were 1-57 d. Among that, < or = 3 d 15 cases, 4-7 d 37 cases, 8-10 d 9 cases, 11-15 d 5 cases, 16-30 d 5 cases, >30 d 1 cases. The vision of pro-operation: with light perception or higher grades 18 eyes; with no light perception 55 eyes.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for more than 3 months. Fourty-six of 73 eyes had improvements in visual acuity, the total effective rate was 63.01%. Thirty-one of 55 eyes with no light perception had raises in visual acuity (56.36%). Fifteen of 18 eyes with light perception or higher grades had improvements (83.33%). No complication had happened.

CONCLUSIONSEndoscopic optic nerve decompression is an appropriate technique for patients with traumatic optic neuropathy. Even though the patient has injured in longer time and high-dose steroid treatment has failed, optic nerve decompression may improve visual acuity.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose ; surgery ; Optic Nerve ; surgery ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish the animal model of traumatic optic neuropathy similar to clinical feature by injuring the optic nerve of the pipeline through the ethmoid and sphenoid sinus. The electrophysiology and morphology were observed.

METHODSThe optic nerve in 2 cats was anatomically observed. Thirty healthy adult cats were divided into 1 h, 1 d, 3 d, 1 w, 2 w, 4 w injury groups. The right eye was selected as the experiment eye, and the left as the control. The optic canals were damaged by the injury instrument. The changes of optic nerve were observed using light and electron microscope. The pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PR-VEP) was used to determine the succeed model and pupil was monitored. PR-VEP and neural tissue morphology were examined at intervals of 1 h, 1 d, 3 d, 1 w, 2 w, 4 w after trauma.

RESULTSEight cats had Marcus-Gunn's pupil, and 22 cats did not have after injury. Neural tissue was physaliphorous degeneration in light microscope. The neural fibers swelled gradually and fibers physaliphorous degeneration in the first day after damage. At the seventh day, the bubble enlarged to be a big flat. After two weeks, the big flat bubble came out to be a bigger bubble. Under the electronic microscope, axons were physaliphorous degeneration, crack emerged between axon membrane and myelin sheath and myelin sheath were loose in the first day. At the third day, axon swelled, physaliphorous degeneration rose and myelin sheath were loose obviously. At the seventh day, axon and myelin sheath appeared loop in half cycle and bubble-like broke up. A lot of pieces came out and axon became physaliphorous and uniform. Microtubule and microfilament disappeared. After two weeks, myelin sheath became onion-like. On fourth week, myelin sheaths enlarged and squeezed to center. Axoplasm disappeared and neural tissues collapsed.

CONCLUSIONSThis animal model was similar to clinical optic nerve decompression through ethmoid and sphenoid sinus. The change of PR-VEP and neuromorphology were distinct before and after trauma. The pathological changes of optic nerve catching vibrated injury are mainly degeneration, so earlier decompression of optic nerve may improve the visual function.

Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Optic Nerve ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; pathology ; physiopathology

Adult ; Autonomic Nervous System ; physiopathology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Uvula ; surgery

OBJECTIVEImprovement in lung function was reported after acupuncture treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Because an immune response imbalance could be seen in COPD, we hypothesize that electroacupuncture (EA) may play a role in regulating inflammatory cytokines and contribute to lung protection in a rat model of smoke-induced COPD.

METHODSA COPD model using male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to cigarette smoke was established. The rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, sham, COPD, and COPD plus EA), and COPD model was evaluated by measuring pulmonary pathological changes and lung function. EA was applied to the acupuncture point Zusanli (ST36) for 30 min/d for 14 d in sham and COPD rats. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was used to measure levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and malonaldehyde (MDA).

RESULTSCompared with the control rats, COPD rats had significant changes in lung resistance (RL) and lung compliance (CL) (both P<0.01), bronchi and bronchiole airway obstruction (P<0.01), and levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-1β (P<0.01). There were no significant differences between the control and the sham groups. Compared with the COPD rats, the COPD plus EA rats had decreased RL and increased CL (both P<0.05), and reduced bronchi and bronchiole airway obstruction (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively), while levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA in BALF were lowered (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). However, TNF-α and IL-1β levels of the EA group rats remained higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONEA at ST36 can reduce lung injury in a COPD rat model, and beneficial effects may be related to down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects may prolong the clinical benefit of EA.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; immunology ; Male ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; etiology ; immunology ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; immunology