The study aims to establish a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (QNMR) method for the determination of the absolute content of bosentan. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [1H NMR] spectra were obtained in CDCl3 with the internal standard dimethyl terephthalate and zg30 pulse sequence by using a Bruker AVANCE II 400 spectrometer. The content of bosentan is determined with QNMR in comparison with the result obtained by mass balance method. The result is 96.25% by QNMR and 96.54% by mass balance method. A rapid and accurate QNMR method has been established for the quantitative determination of the absolute content of bosentan. The study provides a new way for the quality control and calibration of a new reference standard material, it could be the complementary with the mass balance method for the assay of standard reference.
Calibration ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Molecular Structure ; Protons ; Quality Control ; Sulfonamides ; chemistry

Objective To detect the expression of promyelocytic leukemia(PML)gene in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with psoriasis vulgaris,and to investigate the relationship between PML gene and psoriasis.Methods This study included 50 patients with vulgaris psoriasis who were aged between 18 and 65 years and had never received systemic treatment,as well as 45 healthy controls.Peripheral blood samples were collected from these subjects,and lymphocytes were separated by density-gradient technique.Then,RNA was extracted from the lymphocytes by using RNAprep pure blood kit followed by real time fluorescence-based quantitative reverse transcription-PCR for the detection of PML mRNA expression.Flow cytometry was performed to quantify the expression of PML protein in the lymphocytes.Independent samples t test was carried out to compare the differences in PML expression between the patients and controls.Results The relative quantity (RQ)of PML mRNA was 14.98 ± 3.64 in peripheral blood lymphocytes from the patients,significantly higher than that in the healthy controls(5.50 ± 1.10,t =16.79,P ＜ 0.05).Similarly,a significant increment was observed in the fluorescence intensity of PML protein in peripheral blood lymphocytes from the patients compared with the healthy controls(3.13 ± 0.27 vs.2.43 ± 0.21,t =6.93,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions PML is overexpressed at the protein and mRNA levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with psoriasis vulgaris,hinting that PML may play a certain role in the development of psoriasis.

The study aims to establish a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (QNMR) method for the determination of the absolute content of bosentan. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [1H NMR] spectra were obtained in CDCl3 with the internal standard dimethyl terephthalate and zg30 pulse sequence by using a Bruker AVANCE II 400 spectrometer. The content of bosentan is determined with QNMR in comparison with the result obtained by mass balance method. The result is 96.25% by QNMR and 96.54% by mass balance method. A rapid and accurate QNMR method has been established for the quantitative determination of the absolute content of bosentan. The study provides a new way for the quality control and calibration of a new reference standard material, it could be the complementary with the mass balance method for the assay of standard reference.

Calcineurin inhibitors,such as cyclosporin A and tacroli mus,are widely-used i mmuno-suppressive drugs clinically.However,renal toxicity,hyperglycae mia and other side-effects can occur over long-term use.Isolation of novel calcineurin inhibitors fro m medicinal plants in recent years has pro-vided a new approach to the development of new immunosuppressive drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity.Recnt studies have shown that medicinal plant extracts, such as isogarcinol, quercetin, kae mpferol,phenylethanoid glycosides,ere mophilane sesquiterpenes A and B,pisiferdiol,as well as extracts fro m Smilax china L and Jasminum humile L,have obvious inhibitory effect on calcineurin.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of naloxone for treating cerebral infarction.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and quasi-RCTs were identified from MEDLINE(1966-2005.4),EMBASE(1980-2005.4),Cochrane Controlled Trials Register(Cochrane Library issue 2,2005),CBMdisc(1978 -2005.4).We handsearched related published and unpublished data and their references.All naloxone treating for cerebral infarction were included.Data were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently with designed extraction form.RevMan 4.2.7 software was used for data analysis.Results Twelve RCTs involving 1075 patients were included.All the results of meta-analysis were listed as follows:(1)Total effective rate:compared with none control,5 studies showed that naloxone had a statistical difference with RR 1.24,95 %CI 1.05 to 1.46;(2)cure rate:compared with none control,naloxone had a statistical differences with RR 1.54,95%CI 1.09 to 2.18;(3)adverse effect:the number of accidence were few and representations were light.Conclusion Naloxone may increase the total effective rate and cure rate of cerebral infarction.More high quality trials are required.

Objective:To explore the expression of pressure-sensitive transient receptor potential channel (TRPC1)in bronchial epithelium cells of the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),and to explain the molecular mechanism about the participation of TRPC1 in airway remodeling.Methods:Sixty-four patients who needed fiberoptic bronchoscope for diagnosis were selected. All the patients were used as non-operation group and divided into COPD group (40 cases of mild to moderate grade)and control group (24 cases without chronic airway inflammatory disease)according to Respiratory Disease Guideline. The level of the forced expiatory volume/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC)in the first second and forced expiatory volume in the first second of the expected value (FEV1%pred)were detected by lung function test.The expression levels of TRPC1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9)and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1 )in bronchoalveolar liquid (BALF) were measured by ELISA. The relevance among expression level of TRPC1 and levels of FEV1/FVC, FEV1%pred,MMP-9,TGF-β1 was analyzed.Seventeen lung samples from the patients underwent pulmonary lobectomy were selected.All the patients were used as operation group and divided into COPD group (8 cases of mild to moderate grade ) and control group (9 cases without chronic airway inflammatory disease ). Then indictator relevance to airway remodeling,such as thickness-diameter ratio (TDR%),percentage of wall thickness (WA%) were measured.The immunohistochemistry experiment was used to detect the distribution characteristics of TRPC1 protein in human bronchial epithelial cells. The Imagepro-plus 6.0 software was used to analyze the expression difference of TRPC1 protein between COPD and control groups. Western blotting method was used to detect the expression level of TRPC1 . The correlation between the expression level of TRPC1 and TDR%, WA% was analyzed.Results:The lung function detection results showed that in non-operation group,the levels of FEV1%pred and FEV1/FVC in COPD group were decreased compared with control group (P<0.05).The expression levels of TRPC1,MMP-9 and TGF-β1 in COPD group were increased compared with control group (P<0.05). The expression level of TRPC1 was negatively correlated with FEV1%pred (r= -0.34,P=0.002)and FEV1/FVC (r= -0.38,P=0.004).The expression level of TRPC1 was positively correlated with MMP-9 (r=0.36, P=0.004)and TGF-β1 (r=0.61,P=0.002).The immunohistochemistry results in operation group displayed that the TRPC1 protein was mainly distributed in the epithelial columnar cell nucleus and the cell membrane near lumen within the bronchial epithelium.The ratio of integrated optical density (IOD)to area within the bronchial epithelium in COPD group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The expression level of TRPC1 protein detected by Western blotting method in COPD group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The expression level of TRPC1 was positively correlated with TDR% (r=0.59,P=0.002)and WA%(r=0.60,P=0.002).Conclusion:The TRPC1 channel in human bronchial epithelial cells of COPD patients is actived and up-regulated.The expression level of TRPC1 channel is positively correlated with impared extent of lung function and the expression levels of cytokines relevant to airway remodeling. All above imply that pressure-sensitive TRPC1 channel could promote the development of airway remodeling.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of transmission straight wire appliance on the treatment of AngleⅡ1 malocclusion and explore its mechanism.Methods Thirteen AngleⅡ1 malocclusion patients (6 males and 7 females) were treated with the appliance by extracting 4 first premolars or 2 first maxillary premolars.The results of cephalometric measurements before and after treatment were statistically analyzed.Results The average treatment time of 13 cases was 15.6 months.The overbite's treatment cost 4.2 months averagely.Overbite,overjet and molar relationship were turned to normal (only one adult case had complete distal in the molar relationship by extracting 2 first maxillary premolar) and lateral appearances were improved after treatment.The results of cephalometric analysis showed that the changes of SNB,ANB,U1-NA angle,L1-NB angle,U1-LI angle,U1-NA length,L1-NB length,L6-MP length,L1C-MP length,overbite,and overjet were of high statistical significance (P0.05).Conclusion Transmission straight wire appliance can quickly and efficiently correct AngleⅡ1 malocclusion.

Objective To study the relationship between chemical composition of urinary stones and metabolic disturbance. Methods 284 urinary stone patients who had undergone analysis of stone composition were evaluated;of them 191 patients had entire blood biochemistry results and 24-h urine analysis results.The relationship between stone composition and metabolic disturbance was analyzed using ?2 test. Results Calcium oxalate stones were found in 195 cases (68.7%),infection stones in 41 cases ( 14.4%),uric stones in 38 cases (13.4%),phosphate stones in 6 cases (2.1%) and cystine stones in 4 cases (1.4%).Metabolic disturbance was found in 176 (92.1%) of 191 patients with entire blood biochemistry results and 24-h urine analysis results.Among the 176 patients,hypercalciuria occurred in 27 cases (14.1%),hyperuricosuria in 54 cases (28.3%),hyperoxluria in 41 cases (21.5%),hyperphophauria in 55 cases (28.8%),hypocitraturia in 128 cases (67.0%),hypomagnesiuria in 80 cases (41.9%),24-h urine volume

Objective To investigate the distribution of four common chronic diseases including essential hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, and their related risk factors in fertile and menopausal women. Methods Census data were collected by questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory examination in females older than 40 yrs in rural areas of Fangshan District, Beijing. Student's t test, chi-square test and logistic regression model were used. Results The prevalence rates of essential hypertension, type 2 diabetes, CHD, stroke in menopausal women (64.2%, 13.2%, 5.9%, 48.1%) were higher than those in fertile women (41.4%, 6.9%, 1.7%, 15.1%)with statistically significant differences (P

Objective To analysis the impact of ? blocker therapy on symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Methods 148 cases of BPH patients had been treated with ? blocker for 4 weeks. Symptom score, uroflowmetry and post voiding residual urine were recorded and analyzed. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the IPSS, uroflowmetry and residual volume were improved significantly, P 0.1. Conclusions Reduction of symptoms and improvements of uroflowmetry in BPH patients treated with ? blocker.might be initiated through different mechanisms.