Objective To investigate the health-related demands in main caregivers for patients with Parkinson's disease after surgery. Methods From March to December, 2014, twelve main caregivers were investigated with a semi-structured interview, and analyzed with Co-laizzi's analysis. Results and Conclusion Four aspects of demand were found, including knowledge about the disease, rehabilitation nursing skills, economic support and family support. Medical professionals can provide the targeted knowledge and technical guidance to meet their demands.

0.05). However, the protein expression of HIF-1? was increased remarkably with correspondence to the different hypoxia time (P

Objective To study the integration and differentiation of spinal neural stem cells after transplantation into mice retina. Methods Primary cultured neural stem cells were transplanted into mice retinas,then the integration ratio and the differentiation pattern of the donor cells were estimated with immunohistochemistry method. Results 1.The integration ratio decreased with the age of the host mice.2.The grafts differentiate into both glia and neuronal cells after transplantation.Conclusion The integration and differentiation of the primary cultured spinal NSC were modulated by both endogenous and exdogenous factors,which provided new proofs for the study of the in vivo differentiation of the NSC.

Objective To evaluate the application of MSCT 3D reconstruction technology without contrast on pulmonary arterio-venous malformation(PAVM).Methods The clinical and imaging data of 12 cases with PAVM confirmed by DSA were analyzed ret-rospectively.The plain scan with 16 slice spiral CT scanner performed pulmonary 3D reconstruction at post-processing work station by methods of MPR,MIP and VR.Results All cases could be diagnosed accurately,and images could clearly show the spatial struc-tures and its relations of the feeding arteries,draining vein and aneurysmal sac.Conclusion MSCT post-processing technique of PAVM without contrast is able to make a precise diagnosis,and to show the configuration of PAVM,which does not need contrast medium and acquirelow radiation dose.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene mutations and the prognosis of Chinese sporadic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Methods VHL gene mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), direct DNA sequencing in 74 paired specimens of sporadic CCRCC and normal kidney. The mutation findings, pathologic fea-tures and prognostic characteristics were analyzed. Results Fifty-one patients (68.9%) were in clinical stage T1, 9 patients (12.2%) were in T2 and 14 patients (18.9%) were in T3. In the aspect of pathological grade, 15 patients (20.3%) were in G1, 50 patients (67.6%) were in G2 and 9 pa-tients (12.2%) were in G3. VHL gene mutations were detected in 40 of 74 cases (54.1%). There were no significant differences of VHL gene mutations in different pathological grade and clinical stage of CCRCC, P=0.915, P=0.237, respectively. All patients were followed up for 34 to 107 months (mean 71 months). Seven patients died of CCRCC. Another 11 patients developed CCRCC related me-tastasis. Five-year tumor-free survival was 78%. The incidence of death or metastasis of CCRCC in VHL gene mutation group (15.0%, 6/40) was significant lower than non-mutation group (35.3%,12/34), P=0.043. Logistic regression results showed that lower tumor pathological grade and stage, better patients' prognosis would be (P=0.016, P=0.024, respectively). However, VHL gene muta-tion was related with better prognosis (P=0.033). This association was stronger among patients with high grade tumors (G3, P=0.048). Conclusions There are frequent VHL gene mutations in spo-radic Chinese CCRCC. Tumors' pathological grade and clinical stage are the important parameters for prognosis. However, VHL mutations are strongly associated with better cancer specific survival for CCRCC patients. These associations are relatively stronger in patients with high grade tumors.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and the clinicopatho-logic characteristics of primary lung cancer patients .Methods Samples of peripheral blood(7 .5 mL) from 65 cases of patients with lung cancer(lung cancer group) and 10 cases of patients with lung benign diseases and 10 healthy volunteers (control group) ,and then those CTC were enriched by negative immunomagnetic separation with anti-CD45 antibody and then dectected by immunocyto-chemistry with anti-pan-cytokeratin antibody .The relationship between the positive rate of CTC and clinicopathologic characteristics of lung cancer patients were analyzed .Results The positive rate of CTC in lung cancer patients was 69 .23% (45/65) ,while CTC was not detected in any patients with lung benign disease or healthy volunteers .The positive rate of CTC in patients at TNM stageⅠ - Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was 23 .08% (3/13) ,50 .00% (6/12) and 90 .00% (36/40) ,respectively .There was significant difference in posi-tive rate of CTC between patients at different TNM stages (P= 0 .000) .The positive rate of CTC in metastatic (stage M1 ) lung cancer patients(83 .33% ,35/42) was significantly higher than that in non-metastatic(stage M0 ) lung cancer patients(43 .48% ,10/23)(P=0 .002) .With the increasing number(0 ,1 ,2 ,3) of metastatic sites ,the positive rate of CTC increased (53 .48% ,83 .33% , 87 .50% ,75 .00% ) ,and there was significant difference in different positive rates of CTC (P=0 .024) .There was statistically sig-nificant difference in the positive rate of CTC between Cyfra 21-1 normal group(53 .33% ,16/30) and high value group(92 .00% ,23/25)(P=0 .021) ,the same with LDH normal group(55 .00% ,22/40) and high value group(82 .86% ,29/35)(P=0 .004) .Conclu-sion CTC were presented in some lung cancer patients .The presence of CTC in peripheral blood is correlated positively with the patients′clinical stage ,M stage ,the number of metastatic sites ,Cyfra21-1 value and LDH value .CTC detection is useful for more accurate risk assessment of patients with lung cancer .

Objective:To investigate the application of leukogenic medicine in cancer patients and standardize the use of WBC increasing medicine in a hospital. Methods:A retrospective analysis of 579 patient records from January 2014 to December in a hospital diagnosed as malignant tumor and issued WBC increasing medicine . The kinds of drugs,timing of administration, dosage,frequency of administration,the use of medication,drug combination and the choice of solvent were analysed by collecting the patients’ essential information, chemotherapy, myelosuppression etc. Results: The l white blood drugs mainly oral preparations;There were 414 rational drug use medication orders,accounting for 71. 50 percent;irrational drug use medical record 165,accounting for 28. 50% . The dosage and duration of treatment in line with requirements,and unreasonable cases mainly suitable varieties and timing of administration based,42. 42% and 27. 88% ,respectively;followed by repeated dosing and combination therapy is not suitable,13. 33% 1and 2. 73,respectively;a lower incidence of solvent choice unsuitable,is 3. 64% . Conclusion:The use of WBC increasing medicine need to be standardized in cancer patients in the hospital. Clinicians need to strengthen studying the knowledge of the application of WBC increasing medicine and use WBC increasing medicine rationally.

Objective To study the influencing elements in x-Gal staining method and optimize the reactive conditions so that nonspecific background can be eliminated and grafted exogenous cells carrying LacZ gene can be discerned correctly. Methods C17 2 cells (carrying lzcZ gene) were injected into the right lateral ventricle both in the adult and newborn animals. After one week they were perfused using two methods, then the slices were stained at different pH and incubating time respectively. The X-gal positive cells in hippocampus were counted under light microscope. Results Background staining in this method has close correlation with the species and age of the host animals and it decreases when pH is higher or incubating time is shorter. The results are the best when pH 9 5 and the incubating time is 1*!h.Conclusion The reliability of X-gal staining method depends on optimization of several parameters, including pH, incubating time, perfusion etc. It is necessary to establish the correspondent controls.;

Objective To explore the influencing factors of the implementation of general hospital guiding principles of nursing classification (trial) in clinical nursing work.Methods 152 nurses and 143 doctors were selected from three 3A-level hospitals in Changchun and were investigated with self-designed questionnaires,and the data were statistically analyzed.Results The first three influencing factors were the responsibility,quantity and basic qualities of nurses.Grading nursing standards,leadership value degree and the differences of disease had lower influencing degree.There were cognitive differences between nurses and doctors on the influencing factors on implementation of the principle.Conclusions To improve execution of the principles,the cognition of doctors and nurses on the principles must be unified.Increasing nurses' basic quality and responsibility and carrying out effective human resources management are very useful.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Injuries ; surgery ; Dilatation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheostomy ; methods