Fourteen female handball players who were candidates for Olympic representative team were asked to run 12 minutes, and the relationship between the variation of the urinary components and the variations of the running speed and the heart beats was researched.
The obtained results in short are in the following:
1) The covered distance of the 12-minute running was from 2, 385 meters to 3, 050 meters, and the average was 2, 830±196.6 meters.
2) The heart beat rate quickly recovered for about 5 minutes after running, and then gradually reduced; after 30 minutes the rate was considerably higher than the level before the running in many cases.
3) The urinary volume was obviously less after the running than that before it.
4) The 1-hour after urine including the running time contained much pyruvates and lactates exhausted therein, and then the excretion amount reduced to the previous level. The ratios of Pyruvic acid/Creatinine and Lactic acid/Creatinine showed similar tendencies. The ratio of Pyruvic acid/Creatinine before the running against that after the running showed positive correlation with the running speed more than 230m/min., but showed a negative correlation clearly with the recovering rate of the heart beat after 30 minutes being higher than 60%. It suggests that the excretion of urinary pyruvate increase with more anaerobic factors for energy production under the conditions of the higher speed running and the larger oxygen debt.
5) The urinary citrate obviously decreased just after the running, but in recovered considerably in the urine obtained after 2 hours. The ratio of Citric acid/Creatinine was low just after the running. The variations appears not to be simply due to the reduction of renal clearance.
6) The urinary creatinine tended to reduce in the urine obtained 1-hour after the running, and particularly with the urinary pyruvate more than 50μg/ml there was observed clear negative correlation with creatinine which showed lower concentration with more anaerobic factors; it suggests some reduction of renal clearance.

Background/Aims: The precise incidence of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) and its effects on the quality of life (QOL) remain unclear, particularly in Asian patients with right-sided SUDD. We assess the prevalence of SUDD and its impact on QOL in a real-world population. Methods: Five institutional cohorts of patients who received outpatient treatment for unexplained abdominal symptoms from January 15, 2020 to March 31, 2022, were included. All patients underwent colonoscopy. SUDD was defined as the presence of recurrent abdominal symptoms, particularly pain in the lower right or left quadrant lasting > 24 hours in patients with diverticulosis at the site of pain. The 36-item short-form health survey was used to assess QOL. Results: Diverticula were identified in 108 of 361 patients. Among these 108 patients, 31% had SUDD, which was right-sided in 39% of cases.Of the 50 patients with right-sided diverticula, 36% had SUDD, as did 15 of 35 patients with left-sided diverticula (43%). Among the 33 patients with SUDD, diverticula were right-sided, left-sided, and bilateral in 39%, 45%, and 15% of patients, respectively. Diarrhea was more frequent in the SUDD group than in the non-SUDD group. Patients with SUDD had significantly lower physical, mental, and role/social component scores than those without SUDD. Conclusions It is important to recognize that patients with SUDD account for as high as 31% of outpatients with unexplained abdominal symptoms; these patients have diarrhea and a low QOL. The presence of right-sided SUDD was characteristic of Asian patients.

Owing to the fear of worsening their relationship with physicians, several pharmacists hesitate to contact physicians regarding prescription-related questions. We investigated the personal factors of pharmacists contributing to their hesitation to contact physicians regarding prescription-related questions. We analyzed the responses of 213 pharmacy pharmacists. A comparison of the degree of hesitation to contact physicians regarding prescription-related questions revealed that the most hesitant questions were pertaining to “the same prescription content from before”; insurance questions (3.37) were higher than medical questions (3.20) (P＝0.006). The multiple regression analysis results revealed that “pharmacy work is busy and there is no time” was influenced by regular employees (medical (β＝−0.181, P＝0.030) and insurance (β＝−0.257, P＝0.002)). “A co-pharmacist said no questions needed” was influenced by the sex of pharmacists (medical (β＝0.194, P＝0.011) and insurance (β＝0.177, P＝0.020)). Overall, type of questions (medical or insurance) and individual backgrounds (prescription issuing medical institution, pharmacy scale, location, age, sex, employment type, years of service, current management pharmacist, and hospital work experience) have a complex effect on the pharmacists’ psychology. To facilitate pharmacists to contact physicians regarding prescription-related questions, physicians and pharmacists should share information and communicate on a daily basis, such as actively participate in joint training programs. It is also important to create an environment where regular employees and female pharmacists can work comfortably. The smooth resolution of prescription-related questions by relieving the psychological pressure of pharmacists will improve patient safety.

Objective: To implement early rehabilitation interventions by physical therapists is recommended. However, the effectiveness of early rehabilitation for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the prevention of post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is unclear. We analyzed a multicenter prospective observational study (Post-Intensive Care outcomeS in patients with COronaVIrus Disease 2019) to examine the association between early rehabilitation interventions and PICS physical impairment. Methods: An analysis was performed on COVID-19 patients who were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) between March 2020 and March 2021, and required mechanical ventilation. The primary outcome was the incidence of PICS physical impairment (Barthel Index≤90) after one year. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between early rehabilitation interventions and PICS physical impairment by adjusting ICU mobility scale (IMS) during seven-day following ICU admission, and clinically relevant risk factors. Results: The analysis included 259 patients, 54 of whom developed PICS physical impairment one year later. In 81 patients, physical therapists intervened within seven days of ICU admission. There was no significant difference in mean IMS by day seven of admission between the early and non-early rehabilitation patients (0.70 and 0.61, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that early rehabilitation interventions were significantly associated with a low incidence of PICS physical impairment (odds ratio, 0.294; 95% confidence interval, 0.123–0.706; p=0.006). Conclusion Early rehabilitation interventions by physical therapists were an independent factor associated with the decreased development of PICS physical impairment at one year, even though early rehabilitation had no significant effect on IMS.

Objective: To implement early rehabilitation interventions by physical therapists is recommended. However, the effectiveness of early rehabilitation for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the prevention of post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is unclear. We analyzed a multicenter prospective observational study (Post-Intensive Care outcomeS in patients with COronaVIrus Disease 2019) to examine the association between early rehabilitation interventions and PICS physical impairment. Methods: An analysis was performed on COVID-19 patients who were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) between March 2020 and March 2021, and required mechanical ventilation. The primary outcome was the incidence of PICS physical impairment (Barthel Index≤90) after one year. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between early rehabilitation interventions and PICS physical impairment by adjusting ICU mobility scale (IMS) during seven-day following ICU admission, and clinically relevant risk factors. Results: The analysis included 259 patients, 54 of whom developed PICS physical impairment one year later. In 81 patients, physical therapists intervened within seven days of ICU admission. There was no significant difference in mean IMS by day seven of admission between the early and non-early rehabilitation patients (0.70 and 0.61, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that early rehabilitation interventions were significantly associated with a low incidence of PICS physical impairment (odds ratio, 0.294; 95% confidence interval, 0.123–0.706; p=0.006). Conclusion Early rehabilitation interventions by physical therapists were an independent factor associated with the decreased development of PICS physical impairment at one year, even though early rehabilitation had no significant effect on IMS.

Objective: To implement early rehabilitation interventions by physical therapists is recommended. However, the effectiveness of early rehabilitation for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the prevention of post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is unclear. We analyzed a multicenter prospective observational study (Post-Intensive Care outcomeS in patients with COronaVIrus Disease 2019) to examine the association between early rehabilitation interventions and PICS physical impairment. Methods: An analysis was performed on COVID-19 patients who were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) between March 2020 and March 2021, and required mechanical ventilation. The primary outcome was the incidence of PICS physical impairment (Barthel Index≤90) after one year. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between early rehabilitation interventions and PICS physical impairment by adjusting ICU mobility scale (IMS) during seven-day following ICU admission, and clinically relevant risk factors. Results: The analysis included 259 patients, 54 of whom developed PICS physical impairment one year later. In 81 patients, physical therapists intervened within seven days of ICU admission. There was no significant difference in mean IMS by day seven of admission between the early and non-early rehabilitation patients (0.70 and 0.61, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that early rehabilitation interventions were significantly associated with a low incidence of PICS physical impairment (odds ratio, 0.294; 95% confidence interval, 0.123–0.706; p=0.006). Conclusion Early rehabilitation interventions by physical therapists were an independent factor associated with the decreased development of PICS physical impairment at one year, even though early rehabilitation had no significant effect on IMS.