Objective To study the effects of liver graft on the immune tolerance of intestinal allograft in auxiliary en-bloc liver-small bowel transplantation in pigs.Methods Seventy outbreed Landrace pigs were divided into 4 groups.Ten auxiliary liver-small bowel allotransplantations were performed in group A,B,C,respectively,and 5 segmental small bowel allotransplantatiom were performed in group D.Pigs were administered with routine and lower dose of cyclosporine and methylprednisolone in group B and C,respectively. No immunosuppressive agent was administered to pigs in group A and D.Results The initial time of acute rejection was obviously prolonged in group A than group D.and the acute rejection was milder in group A than group D(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference upon postoperative survival time,initial time of acute rejection and degree of acute rejection between group B and C(P＞0.05).Conclusions The immune tolerance of intestinal allograft Can be induced by liver graft in auxiliary en-bloc liver-small howel transplantation.

Twitching motility is very important for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the adaptation of surface environment and in the 3-D structure formation of mature biofilm. To quantitatively characterize twitching motility in situ, we developed a method by combining high-throughput data acquisition, automatic image processing and database establishment. This method is based on single cell analysis and big data visualization. A periodic relaxation of 0.9 second was resolved during slingshot motility analysis. Twitching motilities of bacteria under addition of two quorum sensing signaling molecules were studied, cells moved faster after signal addition. This method may help understand the molecular mechanism and regulatory circuits of twitching motility.