Objective To investigate the feasibility,technique and clinical significance of preserving the great auricular nerve in parotid benign tumors surgery during the first postoperative year.Methods Fifty-two patients with parotid benign tumors were randomly divded into 2 groups.24 patients (group sacrificed) underwent classic parotidectomy with sacrifice of the great auricular nerve.The surgeons spare the nerve in the 32 patients with FOCUS ultrasonic harmonic scalpel (group preserved).Results After surgery,both groups showed lower levels of subjective sensation and sensory function test at auricle.These alterations were less pronounced in group preserved.Both groups showed improvement over time.In group preserved the sensory function reached normal level by 12 months after surgery.The recuperation in group sacrificed was partial at 12 months after operation.Conclusion The great auricular nerve preservation during parotidectomy is feasible,It can decrease sensory disturbance in the early postoperative period and avoid the permanent sequelae that occur when the nerve is sacrificed.The FOCUS ultrasonic harmonic scalpel technique can reduce the operation time.

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type in thyroid carcinomas.Recently,the prevalence and diagnostic rate of PTC has got significantly high with the general use of ultrasound.Nowadays,more and more studies have suggested that the coexistence of PTC and diabetes is common.They indicated that hyperglycemia would induce the deterioration of oxidative stress injury,chronic inflammation,insulin resistance,obesity,dyslipidemia,deficiency of vitamin D and dysimmunity.All of these may break the balance of oxidation and antioxidation and result in disordering signal pathway,accumulation of inflammatory cytokines,over activating of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1,changing the metabolic pathways,which will promote the occurrence and progression of PTC.

Objective To investigate the changes in proliferation index (PrI) of gingival fibroblasts in nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia ( NIFr-HGF). Methods Gingival fibroblasts were derived from a patient with nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia. Cells were induced by 10 ng/mL and 1 000 ng/mL nifedipine ( low- and high-concentration drug intervention groups), respectively. Cells were harvested 18 h and 30 h after intervention, cell cycles were detected by flow cytometry, and Prls were calculated. NIFr-HGF without nifedipine induction were served as blank control. Results After induction for the same time, Prls of NIFr-HGF cell cycle of low- and high-concentration drug intervention groups were significantly higher than those of blank control group (P <0.05) , while there was no significant difference between low and high-concentration drug intervention groups (P > 0.05). In low and high-concentration drug intervention groups, Prls of NIFr-HGF cell cycle after intervention for 30 h were significantly higher than those after intervention for 18 h [(57. 54 ± 0.019)% vs (21.15 ±0.011)%, and (59.36 ±0.031)% vs (19.01 ±0.012) %, respectively] (P < 0.05). Conclusion For patients with nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia, PrI of NIFr-HGF cell cycle increases with time of nifedipine intervention, while is not significantly related to drug concentration.

Objective To explore the emotional socialization development between boys and girls aged 1-3 years. Methods A total of 1008 children were randomly selected with 571 boys and 437 girls. Chinese version of Urban Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assess-ment (CITSEA) was used to assess the emotional socialization development situation between boys and girls. Results There were statistical-ly significant differences between boys and girls in the overt behavior domain and ability domain of CITSEA (t>2.136, P<0.05), and was not in the covert behavior domain and imbalance domain (t<1.172, P>0.05). Conclusion There are gender differences in emotional socialization development of children.

Objective To investigate medical and nursing interns' differences and similarities of role expectation on clinical nurses,and provide the basis for further carrying out physician-nurse cooperative education.Methods Using self-designed questionnaires of role expectation on clinical nurses to investigate medical and nursing interns of two degrees in Zhengzhou University who already had full ten months' internship,among them,154 medical students,145 nursing students.Results Medical and nursing students' differences were mainly on “physician-nurse collaboration and communication.Nursing students were more active than medical students.Both medical and nursing students had the lowest scores in item 15 (reverse entry)“The nurses just need to perform doctors' orders,without providing comments or suggestions”.Conclusions Colleges and clinical teachers should encourage nursing students to learn more medical knowledge,strengthen their clinical practice capacity,improve their professional competence and professionalism,thereby enhancing the status of nursing and nurses.Launching physician-nurse collaboration education in nursing and medical students,and help medical and nursing students realize nurses' different roles,improve the trust between doctors and nurses,promote the development of physician-nurse relationship.

Objective To investigate the effects of compound Betamethasone on the expression of olfactory marker protein(OMP)in murine olfactory mucosa injured by influenza virus.Methods An animal model was developed by intranasal application of influenza virus to mice.Compound Betamethasone was injected i.p.(3.5 mg/kg)on day 2 and day 4 after the insult.The expression of OMP was tested by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results The expression of OMP was significantly downregnlated in the olfactory mucosa of influenza virus control group 1 and influenza virus control group 2;the expression of OMP was significantly upregulated in the olfactory mucosa of post-infection compound Betamethasone group 1 and post-infection compound Betamethasone group 2.Conclusion Compound Betamethasone can enhance the expression of OMP in the olfactory mucosa injured by influenza virus.

Objective To investigate the effects of midazolam on hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury in neonatal piglets.Methods Twenty-four newborn male piglets 3-7 days old weighing 1.8-3,0 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 8 each): sham group (group S), HI + normal saline group (group HI-S) and HI + midasolam group (group HI-M). The animals of group HI-S and HI-M were subjected to 7 min of hypoxia, producing asphyxic cardiac arrest, followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation. At 3 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), animals received i.v. infusion of fentanyl at a rate of 10-30 μg·kg-1·h-1 and pancuroniumat a rate of 0.1-0.2 mg·kg-1·h-1 from 3 h after ROSC to 24 h after ROSC to maintain the anesthesia. In addition, midazolam at a rate of 0.05 mg·kg-1·h-1 wee infused simultaneously until 24 h after ROSC in HI-M group, while the equal volume of normal saline was infused instead in group HI-S and S. Arterial blood samples were taken before hypoxia (baseline), and at 37 min of hypoxia, 5 min of air inspiration, 5 min of asphyxia and 6, 12, and 24 h after ROSC for blood gas analysis, and MAP was monitored at the each time point. Neurological behavior was assessed and scored (NBS) at 48, 72, 96 and 240 h after ROSC. Brains were removed at 10 h after ROSC, the remaining viable neurons in putamen and candate nucleus were counted and the density of viable neurons was determined using light microscopic examination. Results PaO2 was significantly decreased during hypoxia-eephyxia, and PaCO2 was significantly increased, while pH value and MAP were significantly decreased at 5 min of asphyxia in group HI-S and HI-M compared with group S and the baseline (P < 0.05).There were no significant differences in MAP and arterial blood gas analysis at the each time point between group HI-S and HI-M ( P > 0.05). The density of viable neurons in putamen and caudate nucleus was significantly lower, and NBS at 48-96 h after BOSC significantly higher in group HI-S and HI-M than in group S ( P < 0.05). The density of viable neurons in putamen and caudate nucleus was significantly higher and NBS at 72 and 96 h after ROSC significantly lower in group HI-M than in group HI-S ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Midazolam used at the early stage of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can attenuate HI brain injury in neonatal piglets.

The expressions of HNF-4? and HNF-1? gene were assayed by RT-PCR in the livers of insulin-resistant rats and type 2 diabetic rats. mRNA levels of HNF-4? and HNF-1? in insulin-resistant rats were lower than those in control rats, and these levels were further decreased in diabetic rats. Changes in expressions of these 2 genes seem to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate the effects of endaravane on hypoxia-ischemia (HI)-induced brain injury in neonatal piglets. Methods Male piglets 3-7 days old weighing 2.0-3.0 kg were used in this study. Group Ⅰ 10 piglets were randomly collected as sham operation without HI. Twenty piglets with HI were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 10 each) : group Ⅱ HI and group Ⅲ HI + endaravone. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium 50 mg/kg, tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated with 30% O_2. Right femoral artery and vein were cannulated. MAP, HR, PET CO_2, blood gases and glucose and rectal temperature were monitored. After 15 min stabilization cardiac arrest was induced by inhalation of hypoxic air (O_2 10%) for 40 min followed by inhalation of 21% O_2 for 5 min. The tracheal tube was then occluded for 7 min. Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was then started until recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). CPR > 3 min was considered a failure. A bolus of endaravone 3 mg/kg was given iv over an hour at 30 min after CPR,followed by continuous infusion at 1.5 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1) for 5.5 h in group Ⅲ , while in group Ⅱ vehicle was given instead of endaravone. The neurological function of the animals was evaluated at 48, 72 and 96 h after ROSC and scored (0-154, 0 = normal, 154 = severest dysfunction). The animals were killed at 96 h after ROSC. The brains were removed for microscopic examination of striatum and cortex and determination of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanine (8-OHdG/OHG) expression in putamen by immuno-histochemistry. Results The neurological function scores were significantly higher at 48 h after ROSC and the number of viable neurons in striatum and sensory cortex were significantly lower and the expression of 8-OHdG/OHG in putamen was significantly higher in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅲ . Conclusion The antioxidant endaravone given after CPR can attenuate Hl-induced brain injury by inhibiting oxidative damage to DNA and RNA.

Objective To investigate the additive effects of uncoupling protein 2(UCP2) gene 3′-untranslated region(3′-UTR) 45-base pair insertion/deletion( I/D) variation and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor( PPAR)γ2 gene Pro12Ala variation on type 2 diabetes(T2DM) in Chinese Han popula-tion.Methods The UCP2 gene 3′-UTR I/D variation and PPARγ2 gene Pro12Ala variation were exam-ined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP) in 490 type 2 dia-betes subjects and in 585 control subjects .The additive effects of the two gene mutations were analyzed . Results ⑴The frequency of PPARγ2 gene Pro12Ala variation in type 2 diabetes was not significantly dif-ferent from that in control subjects.(χ2 =0.058, P =0.809).In T2DM group, A12 allele carriers had larger waist circumference than Pro12Pro genotype carriers;Glucose stimulated insulin secretion by oral glu-cose tolerance test (OGTT) was significantly lower in carriers of the Ala12Ala or Pro12Ala genotype com-pared with Pro12Pro genotype.( Z =2.222, P =0.026; Z =2.051, P =0.040; Z =2.079, P =0.038 ) .⑵There wasn't significant difference among 3 genotypes with 3′-UTR I/D variation in UCP2 gene (χ2 =2.311 , P =0.315 ) .In control group , Glucose stimulated insulin secretion by oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT) was significantly higher in carriers of the I/D or I/I genotype compared with D/D genotype ( Z =1.997 , P =0.046 ) .⑶The genotype carriers with Pro/Ala +Del/Del were the greatest relation to T2DM (OR=1.22, 95%CI 1.078~1.386).Conclusion Though the UCP2 gene mutation alone or the PPARγ2 gene mutation alone is not associated with T 2DM, the possible additive effects of the two micro genes increase the occurring of T 2DM.