1.Severe Respiratory Sequelae Of H1N1 : Clinical Features, Management And Outcome – A Review
Ismail A Hamid ; Marzida Mansor ; Gracie Siok Yan Ong ; N M Kumar
International e-Journal of Science, Medicine and Education 2010;4(2):10-17
Since the outbreak of the novel influenza H1N1 in April 2009 in Mexico, more then half a million cases have been recorded with more then 6000 deaths.
In contrast to seasonal flu, this virus appears to have a predilection for the young, obese and pregnant.
It’s most important and almost fatal complication is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Intensive care units (ICU) around the world have scrambled to upgrade various treatment modalities including high frequency oscillation ventilation, inotropes, antivirals and antibiotics in an effort to reduce the mortality arising out of this complication. More importantly, this complication appears reversible if adequate and early therapy is instituted. In particular, rescue therapies that allow the lung to rest appear to have brought success in some clinical settings. This article describes the experiences of seven centers that have used various modalities as rescue therapy in patients having Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The experiences in 13 patients at the University of Michigan, 58 in Mexico, 168 in Canada, 180 patients at Leicester UK, 194 in Australia and New Zealand and case reports from Hong Kong and Singapore are described.
2.A clinico-radiographic and histomorphometric analysis of alveolar ridge preservation using calcium phosphosilicate, PRF, and collagen plug
Tarun Kumar AB ; Chaitra N T ; Gayatri Divya PS ; M G TRIVENI ; Dhoom Singh MEHTA
Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2019;41(1):32-
BACKGROUND:
Tooth extraction commonly leads to loss of residual alveolar ridge, thus compromising the room available for the implant placement. To combat the post-extraction alveolar loss, alveolar ridge preservation is practiced, with the advent of the biomaterial available. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficiency of calcium phosphosilicate biomaterial in alveolar ridge preservation. Twenty patients indicated for extraction were selected followed by socket grafting using calcium phosphosilicate. Implant placement was done 6 months postoperatively during which a core was harvested from the preserved sockets. Clinico-radiographic measurements of hard and soft tissues were taken at baseline and 6 months post-grafting.
RESULTS:
There were no significant changes in the radiographic and soft tissue parameters while significant changes in hard tissue parameters with 1.9 mm (p = 0.013) gain in mid-buccal aspect and 1.1 mm (p = 0.019) loss in horizontal bone width were observed. The histomorphometric evaluation depicted the vital bone volume of 54.5 ± 16.76%, non-mineralized tissue 43.50 ± 15.80%, and residual material 2.00 ± 3.37%.
CONCLUSION
The implants placed in these preserved ridges presented 100% success rate with acceptable stability after a 1-year follow-up, concluding calcium phosphosilicate is a predictable biomaterial in alveolar ridge preservation.
3.Inhibition of protein kinases by anticancer DNA intercalator, 4-butylaminopyrimido4',5':4,5thieno(2,3-)quinoline.
HeggoduG Rohit KUMAR ; Chethan S KUMAR ; Hulihalli N Kiran KUMAR ; Gopal M Advi RAO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017;7(3):303-310
Targeting protein kinases (PKs) has been a promising strategy in treating cancer, as PKs are key regulators of cell survival and proliferation. Here in this study, we studied the ability of pyrimido[4',5':4,5]thieno(2,3-)quinolines (PTQ) to inhibit different PKs by performing computational docking andscreening. Docking studies revealed that 4-butylaminopyrimido[4',5':4,5]thieno(2,3-)quinoline (BPTQ) has a higher order of interaction with the kinase receptors than other PTQ derivatives.screening confirms that BPTQ inhibits VEGFR1 and CHK2, with the ICvalues of 0.54 and 1.70 µmol/L, respectively. Further, cytotoxicity of BPTQ was measured by trypan blue assay. Treatment with BPTQ decreased the proliferation of HL-60 cells with an ICvalue of 12 µmol/L and induces apoptosis, as explicated by the fall in the mitochondrial membrane potential, annexin V labeling and increased expression of caspase-3. Taken together, these data suggest that BPTQ possess ability to inhibit PKs and to induce cell death in human promyelocytic leukemia cells.
4.Polygenic Risk Score for Cardiovascular Diseases in Artificial Intelligence Paradigm: A Review
Narendra N KHANNA ; Manasvi SINGH ; Mahesh MAINDARKAR ; Ashish KUMAR ; Amer M. JOHRI ; Laura MENTELLA ; John R LAIRD ; Kosmas I. PARASKEVAS ; Zoltan RUZSA ; Narpinder SINGH ; Mannudeep K. KALRA ; Jose Fernandes E. FERNANDES ; Seemant CHATURVEDI ; Andrew NICOLAIDES ; Vijay RATHORE ; Inder SINGH ; Jagjit S. TEJI ; Mostafa AL-MAINI ; Esma R. ISENOVIC ; Vijay VISWANATHAN ; Puneet KHANNA ; Mostafa M. FOUDA ; Luca SABA ; Jasjit S. SURI
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2023;38(46):e395-
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) related mortality and morbidity heavily strain society. The relationship between external risk factors and our genetics have not been well established.It is widely acknowledged that environmental influence and individual behaviours play a significant role in CVD vulnerability, leading to the development of polygenic risk scores (PRS). We employed the PRISMA search method to locate pertinent research and literature to extensively review artificial intelligence (AI)-based PRS models for CVD risk prediction.Furthermore, we analyzed and compared conventional vs. AI-based solutions for PRS. We summarized the recent advances in our understanding of the use of AI-based PRS for risk prediction of CVD. Our study proposes three hypotheses: i) Multiple genetic variations and risk factors can be incorporated into AI-based PRS to improve the accuracy of CVD risk predicting. ii) AI-based PRS for CVD circumvents the drawbacks of conventional PRS calculators by incorporating a larger variety of genetic and non-genetic components, allowing for more precise and individualised risk estimations. iii) Using AI approaches, it is possible to significantly reduce the dimensionality of huge genomic datasets, resulting in more accurate and effective disease risk prediction models. Our study highlighted that the AI-PRS model outperformed traditional PRS calculators in predicting CVD risk. Furthermore, using AI-based methods to calculate PRS may increase the precision of risk predictions for CVD and have significant ramifications for individualized prevention and treatment plans.
5.Total knee arthroplasty with long tibial stem for tibial stress fractures with knee osteoarthritis: Two birds with one stone.
Satvik N PAI ; Mohan M KUMAR ; Pravin K VANCHI ; Raghav RAVI ; Pradeesh KISWANTH
Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2022;25(6):357-361
PURPOSE:
The treatment and outcome of tibial stress fractures concomitant with knee osteoarthritis (OA) are complicated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional and radiological outcome of total knee arthroplasty with long tibial stem as a treatment for patients having knee OA and tibial stress fracture.
METHODS:
Patients who were diagnosed to have proximal tibia stress fracture along with knee OA at our institution between June 2013 and November 2018 were included in our study. All patients underwent total knee arthroplasty with long tibial stem. Preoperative and postoperative functional assessments were done according to range of movement of the knee joint, knee society score and knee injury and OA outcome score. Descriptive analysis was carried out by mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, frequency and proportion for categorical variables.
RESULTS:
Twelve patients were included in the study. All patients were found to have stress fractures in the proximal half of tibia and extra-arthrosis. Four patients had non-union/delayed union, and 8 patients had acute fractures. The average preoperative range of movement was 88.1°, which improved to 116.3° at 3 months following surgery. It was found that the fracture has healed in all cases. Mean knee society score improved from 32.9 preoperatively to 89.3 at 1 year follow-up. Knee injury and OA outcome score improved from a mean score of 28.3 preoperatively to 81.1 at 1 year follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Stress fractures can occur in the proximal tibia in patients with knee OA. Total knee arthroplasty with tibial stem provides a suitable solution for both conditions. Additional plating or bone graft is unlikely to be required.
Humans
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Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects*
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Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery*
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Tibia/surgery*
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Fractures, Stress/surgery*
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Tibial Fractures
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Knee Joint
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Knee Injuries/surgery*
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Treatment Outcome
6.Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI): Proposed Terminology and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Male Infertility
Ashok AGARWAL ; Neel PAREKH ; Manesh Kumar PANNER SELVAM ; Ralf HENKEL ; Rupin SHAH ; Sheryl T HOMA ; Ranjith RAMASAMY ; Edmund KO ; Kelton TREMELLEN ; Sandro ESTEVES ; Ahmad MAJZOUB ; Juan G ALVAREZ ; David K GARDNER ; Channa N JAYASENA ; Jonathan W RAMSAY ; Chak Lam CHO ; Ramadan SALEH ; Denny SAKKAS ; James M HOTALING ; Scott D LUNDY ; Sarah VIJ ; Joel MARMAR ; Jaime GOSALVEZ ; Edmund SABANEGH ; Hyun Jun PARK ; Armand ZINI ; Parviz KAVOUSSI ; Sava MICIC ; Ryan SMITH ; Gian Maria BUSETTO ; Mustafa Emre BAKIRCIOĞLU ; Gerhard HAIDL ; Giancarlo BALERCIA ; Nicolás Garrido PUCHALT ; Moncef BEN-KHALIFA ; Nicholas TADROS ; Jackson KIRKMAN-BROWNE ; Sergey MOSKOVTSEV ; Xuefeng HUANG ; Edson BORGES ; Daniel FRANKEN ; Natan BAR-CHAMA ; Yoshiharu MORIMOTO ; Kazuhisa TOMITA ; Vasan Satya SRINI ; Willem OMBELET ; Elisabetta BALDI ; Monica MURATORI ; Yasushi YUMURA ; Sandro LA VIGNERA ; Raghavender KOSGI ; Marlon P MARTINEZ ; Donald P EVENSON ; Daniel Suslik ZYLBERSZTEJN ; Matheus ROQUE ; Marcello COCUZZA ; Marcelo VIEIRA ; Assaf BEN-MEIR ; Raoul ORVIETO ; Eliahu LEVITAS ; Amir WISER ; Mohamed ARAFA ; Vineet MALHOTRA ; Sijo Joseph PAREKATTIL ; Haitham ELBARDISI ; Luiz CARVALHO ; Rima DADA ; Christophe SIFER ; Pankaj TALWAR ; Ahmet GUDELOGLU ; Ahmed M A MAHMOUD ; Khaled TERRAS ; Chadi YAZBECK ; Bojanic NEBOJSA ; Damayanthi DURAIRAJANAYAGAM ; Ajina MOUNIR ; Linda G KAHN ; Saradha BASKARAN ; Rishma Dhillon PAI ; Donatella PAOLI ; Kristian LEISEGANG ; Mohamed Reza MOEIN ; Sonia MALIK ; Onder YAMAN ; Luna SAMANTA ; Fouad BAYANE ; Sunil K JINDAL ; Muammer KENDIRCI ; Baris ALTAY ; Dragoljub PEROVIC ; Avi HARLEV
The World Journal of Men's Health 2019;37(3):296-312
Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no female factor infertility, remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% to 80% of infertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels. OS can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference with capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm's potential to fertilize an egg and develop into a healthy embryo. Adequate evaluation of male reproductive potential should therefore include an assessment of sperm OS. We propose the term Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI, as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants). Current treatment protocols for OS, including the use of antioxidants, are not evidence-based and have the potential for complications and increased healthcare-related expenditures. Utilizing an easy, reproducible, and cost-effective test to measure ORP may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause.
Antioxidants
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Classification
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Clinical Protocols
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Diagnosis
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DNA
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Embryonic Structures
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Female
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Fertility
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Health Expenditures
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Humans
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Infertility
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Infertility, Male
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Male
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Membranes
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Ovum
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Oxidants
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Oxidation-Reduction
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Oxidative Stress
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Reducing Agents
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Reproductive Health
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Semen
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Spermatozoa
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Subject Headings