Oral leiomyomas are rare benign tumour of smooth muscle. The first case of oral leiomyoma was reported by Blanc in 1884 and since then more cases has been published following advancement in immunohistochemical study. This tumour has an excellent prognosis and recurrences are extremely rare. We report a case of a recurrent glossal leiomyoma in a patient with HIV infection and the lesion recurred one year after the first excision.

Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β-1) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in the regulation of growth and differentiation of both normal and transformed cells. The main aim of this study was to determine whether TGF-β-1 or alpha fetoprotein (AFP) or the combination of the two is a better indicator for hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC). Serum TGF-β-1 and AFP were measured by ELISA in 40 healthy subjects, 23 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 70 patients with hepatitis B, 26 patients with hepatitis C and 16 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). Patients with liver diseases showed significantly higher serum TGF-β-1 values (>3 fold) compared to control subjects. As for serum AFP, significant elevation was only observed for HCC cases. Serum TGF-β-1 exhibited higher percent sensitivity compared to serum AFP in all liver diseases. Combination of serum TGF-β-1 and AFP increased specificities in all cases studied. In conclusion, serum TGF-β-1 is a more sensitive marker for HCC when compared to serum AFP and its specificity is increased when combined with serum AFP.