Background: 23 percent of overall 660 graduates after 8 times graduation of Monos university is now employed by Monos Group. One third of the graduates is employed at affiliates and subsidiaries of Monos group and comments and opinions of those graduates will make a considerable contribution in future development of the university curriculum, syllabus and improvement of teaching methodology.Purpose of the study: To research satisfactory indexes of graduatesResearch tools and methods: This research was conducted by means of oral interview and written questionnaire among graduates of Monos university who are currently employed at subsidiaries of Monos group using Excel and Word programs. Questionnaire was filled online by the graduates using Outlook and Mass mail.Research result: The research covered 43 of 134 graduates (35%) of the Monos university employed at Monos group subsidiaries and average age of the participants was 20-45, professions of the participants varied from pharmacist, department heads, chiefs and teachers. Composition and other factors of the participants were able to represent the majority. According to the study, during the study at the university graduates gained sufficient knowledge both in practical and theoretical fields and team work skill (62,5), skill to work one one’s own (68,5%) were the main skills achieved by them. On the other hand, the fact that computer skills 66,6%, skill to work by one’s self /66,3%/, team working skills /63,3%/ werefully achieved at workplace may be affiliated with improvement of those skills after starting employment. Moreover, the graduates replied that they could not fully achieved computer skills during the time of study in the university but developed it later on at workplace and concluded that English language course /68,8%/ and Pharmacology course /50%/ could not provide them with sufficient knowledge required. Therefore, there is a necessity to add supplementary classes of pharmacology and improve teaching quality of English and Computer classes. 81% of the participants in the research are interested in taking post-graduation classes of pharmacology and 56.2% wishes to take pharmaceutical department structure and organization.Conclusion: According to the research result, graduates are 100% satisfied with the university they graduated and major they studied. 90 percent of the participants replied that they were able to achieve practical and theoretical knowledge at sufficient level during the time of study. However, 60 percent of the respondents considered that they were not ab;e to achieve English and computer knowledge at satisfactory level.References:1. Medical education journal volume IV МАУБХUB20122. Pharmacy and Pharmacology journal volume I UB20123. Zultsetseg N, advanced level accreditation report of Monos university student department UB 2012

BackgroundPhytoecdysteroids are secondary metabolites produced by many plants. Ecdysteroid containing plants have widely been used in medicine and show pharmacological effects such as: anabolic, adaptogenic, genoprotection, hepatoprotection, antiradiation, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancerous.GoalThe aim of this study was to determination, isolation and purification of phytoecdysteroids in the Mongolian flora.Materials and МetodsPlants collected during flowering in western and central regions of Mongolia in 2006-2008 and its flowering stage. Plants speciesclassification was identified by Professor D. Oyunchimeg (Department of botany, Hovd university, Mongolia), Professor A. I Pyak and A. L. Ebeli (Department of botany, Tomsk State University, Russia). The main ecdysteroid components were identified in Silene repens by HPLC using the UV spectrometry. The absorption maximum is due to the presence of a conjugated ketone and occurs near 240-250 nm.Results The ecdysteroid containing plants of Mongolian flora has been studied for the first time. Total 297 species from 171 genera in 50 families for ecdysteroid were screened. Most of them represent a random sampling of plants growing in the selected regions. The highest concentration of ecdysteroids was detected in the family of Caryophyllaceae (genera Silene, Elisanthe, Melandrium), Chenopodiaceae (genera Chenopodium and Axyris) and Asteraceae (genera Rhaponticum and Serratula). Ecdysteroids were investigated in 16 from 297 species of the families Сaryophyllaсеае, Asteraceae and Chenopodiaceae of Mongolian flora, but in 6 of them: Silene ichebogdo, Silene mongolica, Elisanthe aprica, Serratula marginata, Chenopodium frutescens, Axyris prostrate at the first time. Ecdysteroid profile has isolated from aerial parts of Silene repens 5 phytoecdysteroids such as: 2-deoxyecdysone, 2-deoxy-20-hydroxyecdysone, polypodine B, 20-hydroxyecdysone, integristerone A and identified by column chromatography and HPLC methods.ConclusionEcdysteroid profile of 297 plant species was investigated. Five ecdysteroids were isolated, their structure were analyzed by HPLC analysis and UV spectrometry in Silene repens. The basic esdysteroids concentrations in plants of Silene jenissensis, Silene repens, Serratula marginata, Stemmacantha uniflorum and Axyris prostrate L. comprise 2.2%, 1.1%, 1.0%, 1.3% and 0.9% dry weight, respectively. Regarding those three species, there appeared a good source for bioactive substance and a new class of pharmaceutical preparation from its aboveground parts is being developed.

Introduction: In 1814 Irish surgeon Abraham Coll first introduced distal radial bone fracture in clinical practice as a colles fracture. It is one of the most common fractures account for 10-20% of the total respectively fracture. Case of Colles fracture has being increased in the developed country year by year besides the increasing number of elderly patients. Depending on severity displaced of the fracture, management includes closed reduction or surgical procedure. The aim of study was to study result of risk factors that influence the closed reduction management of the Colles fracture. Materials and Methods: From hospital based population 80 patients aged between 5-76 years (mean age 47.31 years, male 61.25%, female 38.7%) were recruited by cross sectional and randomized method. Participants were divided into displaced and non-displaced groups which confirmed by refractive index difference on X-ray. Results: The risk factors that influence the colles fracture closed reduction management was osteoporosis (p=0.38), menopause (r=0.18, p=0.27), calcium supplement intake (r=0.21, p=0.05), received hospital care in 24 hour (p=0.39), apply plaster (p=0.64), hand sling immobilizer brace (p=0.5) and physical therapy (p=0.5). Conclusion: Osteoporosis and menopause were the risk factors that influenced the closed reduction management of Colles fracture. The patient cases that not receiving emergency medical care in first 24 hours, not applying plaster, not using the hand sling immobilizer brace and not receiving physical therapy was risk factors for extending the closed reduction management of the Colles fracture.

Study of secondary plant products is important for understanding their functions and for obtaining biologically active compounds for practical use in different spheres of human activity. Among other plant substances, phytoecdysteroids attract great scientific interest, because of their potential contribution to crop protection strategies and their possible medical uses. Silene repens is widespread in Mongolia. Seed of Silene repens were collected in 2008 from Mongolian and Russian Altai and were cultivated in Siberian Botanical Garden at Tomsk State University, Russia.GoalStudy the dynamics of the 20-hydroxyecdysone in various plant organs of cultivated Silene repens.Material and MethodsThe seasonal dynamics of phytoecdysteroid content (20-hydroxyecdysone) observed in the vegetative and generative organs of cultivated Silene repens was investigated. The quantity of phytoecdysteroids was determined by spectrophotometer UV-1800 (Shimadzu, Japan).ResultsThe content of 20-hydroxyecdysone varied from 0.001 to 1.07 % depending on the organ and growth stage. The maximum content of 20-hydroxyecdysone was observed in actively developing parts of organs: during beginning vegetation in roots (0.3 %); during budding, in the bud (1.00 %); during flowering, in the flowers (1.07 %); during fruiting, in roots (0.31 %). The general trends seen in the distribution of 20-hydroxyecdysone found for cultivated Silene repens from Mongolian and Russian Altai during the plant growth cycle. A high content of 20-hydroxyecdysone during flowering and a low amount during fruiting.ConclusionA high content of 20-hydroxyecdysone during flowering in the flowers and buds (1.07 -1,00 %) and low content of 20-hydroxyecdysone during fruiting in the stem (0.001-0.12 %). The seasonal dynamics of phytoecdysteroids in cultivated Silene repens has been studied for the first time.

Introduction: Calendula officinalis L. is aromatic herbaceous yearling of the family of Asteraceae. Ethanol extract, decoction and ointment of the plant is used to treat or relieve injury, trauma, erosion, purulent trauma or slow healing abrasions, furuncle, carbuncle, congelation,burn, bed sore, herpes and lichen as cream and spray. These pharmacological functions are related to carotinoid, stearin acid, triterpinoid, phenolic compound, polysaccharide, β-carotene, tannin, flavonoids found in flower of calendula officinalis [2, 3].Goal: To define biologically active substances in cultivated Calendula officinalisMaterials and Methods: Calendula officinalis has been harvested from Monos pharmacological institute, garden of medical plants and prepared according to the appropriate standards. β –carotene and flavonoids were quantified by spectrophotometer, Alkaloid, tannin and ascorbic acids were quantified by tetrameter, Extractive substances, ash and humidity were quantified by weight analysis[1]Results: Quantitative analysis of the flower of calendula officinalis has been carried out following first Mongolian national pharmacopeia and Russian National pharmacopeia XI and defined that β –carotene 1.4313%, alkaloids 0.1229%, flavonoids 2.8817%, tannin 1.2376%, ascorbic acid 0.0702%, extractive substances 40.18%, ash content 11.75% and humidity 5.95%. Flower of calendula officinalis has been extracted by water, 30%, 50% and 80% ethanol, then made comparative analysis on content of β–carotiene. When extracted by 80% ethanol, content of β – carotene was the highest or 150 mg. Therefore optimum extraction solvent quantity has been defined to be 80% ethanol.Microbiological analysis has not revealed anyorganisms and bacteria in solid extract of the plant.Conclusions:1) Quality and countable analysis of biological active substance in the flower of calendula officinalis has been completed.2) β –carotene the main active substance in cultivated calendula officinalis, is found to be 1.4 gr which that meets Mongolian National Standards of medicine.3) The 80% ethanol extract of calendula officinalis contained 150mg β –carotene, the maximum content of β –carotene. Hence optimum extraction solvent was found to be 80%ethanol and it will be and used for future research.4) Microbiological parameters of 80% solid extract of the plant has met quality requirements.References:1. государственная Фармакопея XI вûпуск 2. москва 1990. с.1462. Коновалова о.в. рûбалко К.с. БиологическиАêтивные веùества Calendula officinalis L.“растительнûе ресурсû”. 1990. т. 26. вûп.3.с.448-4633. Cetkovic G.S. Djilas S.M. Canadanovic-Brunet J.M. Tumbas V.T. Antioxidant properties of marigold extract. “Food research International”. 2004. V.37. p643-650

BACKGROUND OF STUDY: According to WHO report estimation, 76.3 million people have been diagnosed with disorder related to alcohol use which has been root cause for over 60 types of disease in the world.1 Smoking causes death to4 million people every year, 11 people every day and 6 every minute. This number is estimated to double reaching 10 million by 2030.2 The study conducted by the ‘World Vision Mongolia’ international organization and the Anti-alcoholism and Drug Association of the Ministry of Justice show 76% of all teenagers has drunk alcohol to some extent. AIMS: To determine alcohol, tobacco and psychoactive drug use by school teenagers of Sukhbaatar district in Ulaanbaatar MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY: The survey on inquiry of alcohol, tobacco and psychoactive drug use (ASSIST) was conducted among a total of randomly selected 800 (374 boys, 426 girls) students of 8-12th grade from 7 secondary schools of Sukhbaatar district. Statistical data was put into Microsoft office applications (excel, word) and processed by SPSS application with 95% of probability of information and 5.0% of trust level. RESULT OF STUDY: Out of all respondents 32% (256) use tobacco, 43.8% (350)alcoholic drinks, 2.6% (21)cannabis,1.1% (9) cocaine, 1.5% (12) amphetamine, 3%(24)volatile substance, 4.3% (34)sedative and tranquilizer drug, 0.6% (5)hallucinogenic drug, 0.5% (4) opioid, and 0.1% (1) uses other types of drug. Among the survey participants, there are a total of 214 teenagers (in duplicated number) who need short-term action and 2 teenagers who are smoker and need intensive treatment. CONCLUSION: Among total teenagers, the survey participants, 1 in 3 used tobacco, 1 in 2 alcoholic drinks and 1 in 7 used psychoactive drug. Male students smoke twice more than female students and there is no difference in use of alcoholic drink in both sexes. The alcohol and tobacco use among teenagers at the age of 12-18 who participated in the survey showed that they use more when they grow older. 1 in 4 students of all participants belongs to a group with average risk and needs intensive treatment.

Introduction: The research is based on the study of the action of traditional drugs that have important anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as their low cost and low side effects in medical practice. Material and methods: We conducted the research based on the material base of Otoch Manramba University’s pharmaceutical chemistry laboratory. We took Banzi 12 medicinal powder as research object, made in Manba Datsan pharmaceutical plant. The content of alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins and total phenolic compounds in Banzi 12 medicinal powder drugs was determined by spectrophotometry, extractive substances by titrimetric method, weighted content of extractable substances, heavy metal content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and bacteriological analysis according to the methodology specified in MNF. The effect on acute inflammation (U.E. Strelnikov) was determined according to the method of formalin causing an edema. Conclusion
1. The highest concentrations of flavonoids70% alcohol content is11.5%±0.001, preservatives 14.5%±0.72, and polyphenolic compounds 1.68%±0.005were used to determine the content of biologically active substances in Banzi 12medicinal powderdrug.
2. Banzi12medicinal powderdrug produced by Manba Datsan traditional medicine factory used in the study meets the requirements of MNS 5586: 2006 for traditional medicine.
3. Formalin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory action for acute inflammation.

Introduction: In 1814 Irish surgeonAbraham Coll first introduced distal radialbone fracture in clinical practice as a collesfracture. It is one of the most commonfractures account for 10-20% of the totalrespectively fracture. Case of Colles fracturehas being increased in the developed countryyear by year besides the increasing numberof elderly patients. Depending on severitydisplaced of the fracture, managementincludes closed reduction or surgicalprocedure. The aim of study was to studyresult of risk factors that influence theclosed reduction management of the Collesfracture.Materials and Methods: From hospitalbased population 80 patients aged between5-76 years (mean age 47.31 years, male61.25%, female 38.7%) were recruited bycross sectional and randomized method.Participants were divided into displaced andnon-displaced groups which confirmed byrefractive index difference on X-ray.Results: The risk factors that influence thecolles fracture closed reduction managementwas osteoporosis (p=0.38), menopause(r=0.18, p=0.27), calcium supplement intake(r=0.21, p=0.05), received hospital care in24 hour (p=0.39), apply plaster (p=0.64),hand sling immobilizer brace (p=0.5) andphysical therapy (p=0.5).Conclusion: Osteoporosis and menopausewere the risk factors that influenced theclosed reduction management of Collesfracture. The patient cases that not receivingemergency medical care in first 24 hours,not applying plaster, not using the hand slingimmobilizer brace and not receiving physicaltherapy was risk factors for extending theclosed reduction management of the Collesfracture.

IntroductionThe metabolic syndrome is a cluster of the most dangerous heart attack risk factors: diabetes andprediabetes, abdominal obesity, high cholesterol and high blood pressure. Also it is known as acluster of changes associated with resistance to insulin.There is a convincing evidence of important ethnic differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome,its components and sequelae. Estimates vary by country, but generally they show higher prevalenceof metabolic syndrome in non-European groups. Based on these findings, we were convinced inthe importance of studying the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance among thepopulation of Mongolia.Materials and MethodsThe main goal of our study was the determination of insulin level and insulin resistance in metabolicsyndrome exposed and non-exposed groups. We included 194 randomly selected people aged 20-60 years old; among them 51 had metabolic syndrome which was identified by the criteria of theInternational Diabetes Federation. All participants underwent general medical examinations andsigned a written consent paper. Fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, HDL, insulin levels were measuredin fasting blood serum and insulin resistance was calculated as a HOMA-IR model.ResultsAverage age of participants was 44,26±8,66 years, of whom 46,4% (n=90) were male, 53,6%(n=104)were female. By IDF criteria, 26,2% (n=51) of the participants had metabolic syndrome. Insulin levelwas 17,23±14,91μIu/mL in MS exposed group which was much higher than in the control group.Insulin, HOMA-IR, had direct correlation with the body mass, BMI and waist circumference andinverse correlation between HDL.Conclusions26.2% of the study participants had metabolic syndrome which was defined by IDF criteria. Insulin levelin the MS exposed group was 17,23±14,91μIu/mL, higher than in the control group by 7,53±2,21μIU/mL. Insulin, HOMA-IR, showed a direct correlation with the body mass, BMI and waist circumferenceand inverse correlation between HDL.