Background. There are at least 650 million people and one out or every 10 people worldwide has a disability. In Mongolia, around 128.000 people with disabilities and 12.000 are wheelchair users. Disabilities affect people in different ways. Causing trouble to their economy, their social life, mental and daily self care.The people with disabilities in Mongolia have much difficulties for their daily activities, have limited possibilities to be included in a health and social services equally and the status to become isolated from the society of them and their families are the invariable problem for them.Goal. To study and evaluate the daily embarrassments and problems of the disabled people and the standard medical environment for them.Results. The 55.8% were male and 4.2% were female of the participants in the survey 88.4% of them answered that they can use their wheelchairs in even land and square only. The 76.4% of the participants do not use public transportation and there is no road for the wheelchair users, no ramp is planned for the citizens with wheelchairs in service centers and organizations and so these are the facing problems for the disabled citizens in Mongolia.It demonstrates that the standard for the disabled citizens is not considered in the medical environmental standards seemingly from no ramp is planned for the citizens with wheelchairs in 92% of the hospitals, no elevator for the citizens with wheelchairs in 91% of the hospitals, 88% of the hospitals have not equipped their toilets with the equipments for the disabled citizens, and 91 % of the hospitals have not planned a room for the disabled citizens for the hospitals included in the surveys.Conclusions:1. Wheelchair users mostly dependent for daily and creative activities. Also they have limited social opportunities because there is no appropriate environment.2. Hospitals involved in the research showed that disabled people have limited health services, hospital environmental standard is not appropriate for them and 1,2 and 3 level of hospitals must setup infrastructure for the disabled people.

Background: Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children around the world. Annually, it’s estimated about total of 120 million cases of pneumonia occur in children under the age of five around the world and about 2 million of them end in mortality. In 2017, respiratory diseases constituted 31.3% of all diseases in children under the age of five in Ulaanbaatar city. 268 cases of respiratory diseases occur in every 1000 children, making it the leading disease in children of that age group. Sonographic examination has several advantages including lack of radiation, accessibility, portable (can easily bring it next to the patient’s bed), cost effective, and can be used repeatedly on the patients. To our knowledge, currently in Mongolia, there are no published research materials on sonographic examination in children with pneumonia. Given, the lack of study, increased rate of pneumonia and advantages of ultrasonographic, the present study was performed to detect lung ultrasound sign of pneumonia and determine the specificity and sensitivity of lung ultrasound and X-ray. Methods: The study used cross-sectional studies of analytical study. 379 inpatient children aged between 1 month to 14 years old who are in the children’s hospital of Bayangol district between 1st of September 2019 to 1st of December 2019 participated in the study. Procedures included collection of questionnaires from the parents or the guardians, random collection of data from the patients’ history, and assessment of results from ultrasound and X-ray examination. The study used Stata software to analyze the statistics. Results: 56% or 210 cases showed decreased echogenicity in the ultrasound examination. Incorporated B line sign (р=0.001),, decreased echogenicity in the consolidation (р=0.001), and presence air positive bronchus (р=0.001), are shown to the major sign of pneumonia in ultrasound examination. Conclusions In pneumonia, following signs are present in lung ultrasound: Unilateral B-lines, consolidation, hypoechoic, irregular shaped consolidation, positive air bronchogramm sign in lung. From the results of our research, we discovered diagnosis sensitivity of pneumonia in ultrasound is 85%, specificity of pneumonia in ultrasound is 87%, sensitivity of pneumonia in Х ray is 78%, specificity of pneumonia in Х ray is 84%.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the diameters of the bony nasolacrimal canal by computed tomography in normal adult Mongolian population and the effect of gender and age on the nasolacrimal canal diameter. Methods: Using standart tomographic images, we measured the diameters, angle between the bony canal and nasal floor and length of the bony nasolacrimal duct in 150 patients without nasolacrimal duct disease. Results: The anterioposterior diameter of the bony nasolacrimal canal was 6.49± 1.06mm, transverse diameter was 4.56±0.9mm, angle between the bony canal and nasal floor was 69.6±8.1o. No significant difference in anterioposterior diameter and transverse diameter in gender. The angle between the bony canal and nasal floor was significantly greater in male. Conclusions This study may contribute to the establishment of a detailed anatomical and morphometric baseline of the bony nasolacrimal canal and provide useful information for the planning of interventions for nasolacrimal duct obstruction