1.Provision of Prosthetic Services Following Lower Limb Amputation in Malaysia
Nooranida Arifin ; Hasif Rafidee Hasbollah ; Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi ; Al Hafiz Ibrahim ; Wan Afezah Wan Abdul Rahman ; Roslizawati Che Aziz
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2017;24(5):106-111
The incidence of lower limb amputation is high across the globe and continues to be a
major threat to morbidity and mortality. Consequently, the provision of high quality and effective
prosthetics services have been known as an essential component for a successful rehabilitation
outcome. In Malaysia, amputation prevalence has been increasing in which several main
components of service delivering aspects (such as service intervention, prosthetic personnel)
should be anticipated to accommodate for the increasing demand. This article highlights the
hurdles experienced in providing prosthetic services in Malaysia from multiple aspects such as
financial burden to acquire the prosthesis and lack of expertise to produce quality prosthesis. This
paramount issues consequently justify for the urgency to carry out national level survey on the
current statistics of lower limb amputation and to ascertain the available workforce to provide a
quality prosthetics services. Only with accurate and current information from the national survey,
strategies and policies aimed at enhancing the outcome from prosthetics services can be achieved.
2.Awareness and Knowledge of Oral Cancer among Siamese Ethnic Group in Tumpat, Kelantan
Nur Karyatee Kassim ; Munirah Mohd Adnan ; Chew Wei Wern ; Lim Zheng Ru ; Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi ; Azizah Yusoff
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2017;24(4):47-54
ntroduction: Oral cancer is a life-threatening disease. Lack of public awareness is a potent barrier for the early detection of oral cancer, especially for high-risk populations. Objective: This study aimed to determine the awareness and knowledge of the signs, symptoms and risk factors of oral cancer among a Siamese ethnic group in Tumpat, Kelantan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, using a guided questionnaire on sociodemography, habits, awareness and knowledge of the signs, symptoms and risk factors of oral cancer. Individuals under 18 years old and who had been diagnosed with oral cancer were excluded from this study. Results: A total of 195 respondents participated, 61.5% were female and the mean age was 46 (1.64). About 41% of the respondents had received secondary education and 35.4% were illiterate. Most respondents were self-employed (21.5%), followed by farmers (19.5%) and housewives (20%). The majority of them had a monthly income that fell below the poverty level of RM 830 (76.9%). Among the respondents, 22.6% had the habit of smoking, 25.6% consumed alcohol, 8.2% were betel quid chewers and 2.6% chewed tobacco. Out of 195 respondents, only 6.7% were aware of oral cancer. About 16.9% of the respondents correctly answered all of the questions regarding the signs and symptoms of oral cancer and only 4.1% knew the risk factors of oral cancer. Conclusion: The awareness and knowledge of oral cancer in this targeted population were unsatisfactory. Future effective health promotion programs and education should be emphasised.
3.Periodontal Health of Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in a Northeast Peninsular Malaysia Tertiary Hospital
Hanim Afzan Ibrahim ; Nur Karyatee Kassim ; Fatimah Zahra Jamsari ; Siti Lailatul Akmar Zainuddin ; Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi ; Azreen Syazril Adnan
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2020;27(1):106-114
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with periodontal disease due to
its hyperinflammatory state. Limited studies have explored the prevalence of periodontal disease
among CKD patients in Malaysia.
Objective: To assess the periodontal status of pre-dialysis CKD patients in Hospital
Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Methods: A total of 46 pre-dialysis CKD patients who attended the nephrology clinic
at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia were enrolled in this study. Periodontal examination was
performed using the periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and plaque
index.
Results: The majority of the CKD patients were Malay (95.7%) and 80.4% were males.
The mean age of the patients was 58.5 years. Using PPD measurement, 37 (74.0%) of the patients
had mild periodontitis, 9 (20.0%) had moderate periodontitis and 3 (6.0%) had no periodontitis.
Based on CAL measurement, 12 (26%) patients had mild periodontitis, 29 (63.0%) had moderate
periodontitis and 5 (11%) had severe periodontitis. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) value
of mild and moderate-to-severe periodontitis by PPD measurement were 4.26 (0.26) and 5.24
(0.36), respectively. The mean of mild and moderate-to-severe periodontitis by CAL measurement
were 2.66 (0.62) and 4.98 (0.73), respectively. There was no correlation between the periodontal
parameters and estimated glomerular filtration rate (PPD: r = −0.160, P = 0.914; CAL: r = −0.135,
P = 0.372; plaque index: r = 0.005, P = 0.974).
Conclusion: This study revealed a greater prevalence and severity of chronic periodontitis
among CKD patients. Thus, the periodontal health of CKD patients’ needs to be screened and
monitored.
4.Observation of Auditory Perceptual and Visuo-Spatial Characteristic of a Patient with Hemangiopericytoma in Occipital Lobe: A Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Study
Hanani Abdul MANAN ; Jafri Malin ABDULLAH ; Mohammed Faruque REZA ; Muhammad Hafiz HANAFI ; Zamzuri IDRIS
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences 2018;16(2):85-91
The present study discussed functional reorganization and alteration in respond to the slow-growing tumour,hemangiopericytoma in the occipital cortex. Visual evoked field (VEF) and auditory evoked field (AEF) usingmagnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to evaluate the source localization and brain activity. Results of VEF sourcelocalization show a typical brain waves. Brain activity of the occipital lobe demonstrate low activation in the ipsilateralto the tumour. However, result shows the activation on the contralateral hemisphere was high and bigger in activationvolume. AEF result shows an identical source localization and both side of the temporal lobe are activated. This resultsuggests that there is a positive plasticity in auditory cortex and slow-growing tumour can induce functional reorganizationand alteration to the brain.
5.Inconsistency of Lesion Quantitative Assessment in 2D SUV and 3D SUV Quantification Techniques for [18F]-FDG PET/CT: A Phantom Study
Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi ; Noramaliza Mohd Noor ; Muhammad Hishar Hassan
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2021;17(No.2):289-293
This study was performed to assess the inconsistency of lesion quantification in standardised uptake value (SUV)
[
18F]-FDG between Ellipse (2-Dimensional) and Ellipsoid (3-Dimensional) quantification techniques by using PET/
CT image quality phantom. Reconstructed images of PET/CT ACR phantom was used to assess the quantification of
SUV (SUVmax, SUVavg and SUVmin) on selected regions of interest. Statistical analysis of paired t-test was performed to
compare the lesion quantification in SUV [18F]-FDG between 2D and 3D techniques. The quantification techniques
were consistently similar of assessment between 2D SUVmax and 3D SUVmax at 12mm of ROI lesion with [(0.00 ±
0.02), t(29)=-0.48, p>0.05]. However, the rest of quantification techniques of 2D SUVmax, 3D SUVmax, 2D SUVavg, 3D
SUVavg, 2D SUVmin and 3D SUVmin, results shown significant inconsistency since the p<0.05. This phantom study
has proven that there were inconsistency of lesion quantitative assessment in 2D SUV and 3D SUV quantification
techniques for [18F]-FDG PET/CT.
6.Motives for Participation and Amount of Physical Activity among Kelantan Chinese Adolescents
Nurzulaikha Abdullah ; Yee Cheng Kueh ; Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi ; Tony Morris ; Garry Kuan
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2019;26(6):101-110
Background: Engaging in regular physical activity (PA) has become a worldwide issue
for the prevention of numerous chronic diseases; therefore, is important to increase students’
desires to engage in PA by triggering their motivation. The purpose of this study was to examine
the relationships between the motives for participating in PA and the amount of PA that secondary
Chinese school students in Kelantan undertake.
Methods: The participants consisted of 304 Chinese secondary school students
(males = 165, females = 139) with a mean age of 13.55 years old (SD = 0.57) who volunteered to
complete three measures, consisting of a demographic information form, the physical activity
and leisure motivation scale for youth-Chinese version (PALMS-Y-C) and the Godin leisure-time
exercise questionnaire-Chinese version (GLTEQ-C).
Results: There were significant positive correlations between all the seven PA
participation motives with amount of exercise (Enjoyment: r = 0.16, P = 0.010; Mastery: r =
0.23, P < 0.001; Competition: r = 0.21, P = 0.001; Affiliation: r = 0.22, P < 0.001; Psychological
condition: r = 0.26, P < 0.001; Appearance: r = 0.20, P = 0.001; Physical condition: r = 0.20,
P = 0.001). There were also significant mean differences among sweating exercise frequency
categories in all the seven areas of PA participation motives (Enjoyment: P = 0.003, Mastery:
P < 0.001, Competition: P = 0.001, Affiliation: P = 0.001, Psychological condition: P = 0.038,
Appearance = 0.002, Physical condition: P = 0.004).
Conclusion: The present study provided insight into how to promote PA in Kelantan
Chinese school-aged children by specifically targeting their motives. Interventions targeting these
motives could increase the amount of PA among Kelantan Chinese youths.
7.Oral Health Status and Salivary Parameters in Stroke Patients at a Tertiary Hospital
Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi ; Normastura Abd Rahman ; Nurul Natahsa Mobin ; Tuan Salwani Tuan Ismail ; Nur Karyatee Kassim
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2023;19(No.3):178-186
Introduction: Dental caries and impaired salivary function are very common but undertreated. The aim of this study
was to investigate the oral health status and salivary parameters of stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study
was carried out on 54 stroke and 54 non-stroke patients attending rehabilitation treatment at Hospital Universiti Sains
Malaysia. Decay, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and plaque scores were used to evaluate patients’ oral
health. Salivary parameters such as salivary cortisol, salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity were measured.
Salivary cortisol was analysed using Cobas E6000 automated immunoassay. Results: Among the 54 stroke patients,
the majority were Malays 72.2% and 63.0% were male, with a mean age of 48.1 (14) years. There was a significant
difference of dental caries between stroke patients, at 17.6 (4.26), compared to 15.7 (5.38) for non-stroke patients
(p=0.042). Only 53.7% of stroke patients had good oral hygiene, compared to, 85.2% among non-stroke patients’
(p-value= 0.001). Salivary parameters showed no significant differences (p>0.05). However salivary cortisol levels
were higher in stroke patients 5.2(5.1) nmol/L) than in non-stroke patients 4.0 (3.6) nmol/L). There was no significant
correlation between salivary parameters and DMFT index (P>0.05). Conclusion: Stroke patients had more dental
caries and poor oral hygiene compared to non-stroke patients. Salivary parameters showed no significant difference
between stroke and non-stroke patients.