Objective: In the present study an attempt has been made to study the antihepatotoxic activity of active compounds in this plant through in silico methods. Methods: We have taken 12 compounds form this plant. All the compounds were further subjected to molecular propertied prediction and drug likeness by Molinspiration and found in compliance with Lipinski’s rule of five. Biochemical parameters like SGOT and SGPT were determined by Reitman and Frankel, ALP by Kind and King, TP by reported methods of Wooton. Results: All the compounds were showed expected similar bioactivity especially in case of enzyme inhibition. Compound Vulgarin showed no violation with good drug likeness score and biological activity as compare to standard drug Silibinin. Vulgarin exhibited a significant antihepatotoxic activity by reducing the elevated levels of serum enzymes such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) serum glutamate pyruvate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) while the total protein (TP) levels were increased when compared with standard drug silymarin against CCl4-induced toxicity in Wistar rats. These biochemical observations were also supplemented by histopathological examinations of the liver sections. Conclusions: We found that Vulgarin one of the twelve compounds is showed better drug likeness and biological activity against Silibinin. So this particular compound can be taken as lead compound for further drug discovery for hepatotoxic activity.

Over the years, rural dwellers have suffered from the unequal distribution of basic facilities when compared to the urban dwellers. This has resulted in situations where their health have been compromised and thus their productive capacity. This paper using a Multilevel Analysis examines these social determinants of health status and wellbeing of rural farmers in North-central, Nigeria. Analytical tools employed include the descriptive statistics and the multivariate multilevel model. The result of the analysis showed that the income, years of schooling, living condition, frequency of physical exercise, alcohol consumption and smoking habit were some of the factors significantly influencing the health status and wellbeing of rural farmers in the study area. Others include exposure to tobacco smoke, access to improved toilet facilities, proper solid waste management and distance to potable water. It also revealed that community level co-variation between health status and wellbeing was stronger than at the individual level. Therefore, it was recommended that efforts should be made by government to provide rural areas with basic potable water sources. The rural dwellers should also be enlightened on the basics of good sanitation and hygiene. This will help reduce diseases and deaths from water-related infections and poor hygiene. Furthermore, laws should be put in place to prohibit smoking of tobacco products in public places. All these will reduce the incidence of disease conditions thereby resulting in a healthier workforce that can thus work together with the government towards the achievement of the sustainable development goals.​

Signet ring cell adenocarcinomas may be encountered in various parts of gastrointestinal tract but are almost unheard of in the region of ampulla of vater. In the region of ampulla of vater even if we come across an adenocarcinoma, it is usually a well differentiated variant. A 56-year-old female with features of obstructive jaundice on evaluation was diagnosed to have a peri-ampullary carcinoma.The patient was subjected to a laparotomy. On exploration patient was found to have a malrotation of gut. Patient was subjected to a pylorus preserving pancreatico-duodenectomy. Histopathology of the resected specimen revealed a signet ring morphology which is a rare variant in periampullary region.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell

A combined cartilage holder and crusher is described that allows the surgeon to hold, crush, morselize, and suture a single piece or stack of cartilage graft without letting it slip. The customized slit-shaped jaws allow adequate room for the suture needle, while the serrated surfaces hold the cartilage firmly. The use of this instrument is advocated primarily in rhinoplasty for manipulating and suturing a small cartilage graft or a stack of grafts. The use of this instrument may be extended to aesthetic or reconstructive cases where cartilage grafts need to be sutured or shaped, as in eyelid, ear, and nipple reconstruction.
Cartilage ; Ear ; Eyelids ; Jaw ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Needles ; Nipples ; Rhinoplasty ; Sutures ; Transplants

Background:Anemia is a common public health problem throughout the globe with its main effect not only on health of people but also impact on socioeconomic development.A high prevalence of anemia among school children is an indication of a severe problem highlighting the necessity of proper action to prevent further de-terioration.This study sought to study the impact of nutritional education on knowledge,attitude,and practice regarding anemia among school children.Methods:This is an interventional study among school children of Kendriye Vidyalaya,No.2 Belgaum district,India.Structured and self-administered questionnaires were used to know the knowledge,attitude and practice of student anemia.The data were analyzed using paired t-test and McNemar test.Results:There was significant increment in the mean knowledge and attitude scores of the school children at the post-test evaluation.Overall increase of 51.2％in mean score of knowledge and overall increase of 20.7％in mean score of attitudes was found(P＜0.05).Increase in frequency of consumption pattern of iron rich foods especially ragi,jaggery,green leafy vegetables and sprouted grains was reported.Conclusion:The nutritional education resulted in improvement of knowledge and change in attitude regarding anemia as well as increase in consumption of foods rich in Iron.Therefore,nutritional education is one of the cost-effective and sustainable method for lowering the cases of anemia.

Unconventional and 'non-lethal' weapons are being used in crowd control regularly nowadays. The use of these arms is not risk-free. The paramilitary forces in 2010 used the old fashioned slingshots for crowd control in Kashmir. A young male suffered from a fracture of the distal humerus due to a marble from a slingshot. He was managed by debridement and plaster splintage. Use of apparently innocuous weapons for crowd control is not without risk, as the projectiles fired from them can achieve high velocities and cause significant damage.
Elbow Joint ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Humerus

Bilateral transverse thoracosternotomy, or “clamshell” thoracotomy, can be complicated by dehiscence. A 65-year-old male underwent lung transplantation via clamshell thoracotomy, with subsequent sternal dehiscence on postoperative day 11. Upon repair, the previous sternal wires had pulled through, so a Sternal Talon connected to a Recon Talon was utilized to re-approximate the inferior sternum. On follow-up at 3 months, the patient recovered well. Use of the Sternal Talon provides an effective technique for repairing transverse sternal dehiscence.

Bilateral transverse thoracosternotomy, or “clamshell” thoracotomy, can be complicated by dehiscence. A 65-year-old male underwent lung transplantation via clamshell thoracotomy, with subsequent sternal dehiscence on postoperative day 11. Upon repair, the previous sternal wires had pulled through, so a Sternal Talon connected to a Recon Talon was utilized to re-approximate the inferior sternum. On follow-up at 3 months, the patient recovered well. Use of the Sternal Talon provides an effective technique for repairing transverse sternal dehiscence.

Bilateral transverse thoracosternotomy, or “clamshell” thoracotomy, can be complicated by dehiscence. A 65-year-old male underwent lung transplantation via clamshell thoracotomy, with subsequent sternal dehiscence on postoperative day 11. Upon repair, the previous sternal wires had pulled through, so a Sternal Talon connected to a Recon Talon was utilized to re-approximate the inferior sternum. On follow-up at 3 months, the patient recovered well. Use of the Sternal Talon provides an effective technique for repairing transverse sternal dehiscence.

Bilateral transverse thoracosternotomy, or “clamshell” thoracotomy, can be complicated by dehiscence. A 65-year-old male underwent lung transplantation via clamshell thoracotomy, with subsequent sternal dehiscence on postoperative day 11. Upon repair, the previous sternal wires had pulled through, so a Sternal Talon connected to a Recon Talon was utilized to re-approximate the inferior sternum. On follow-up at 3 months, the patient recovered well. Use of the Sternal Talon provides an effective technique for repairing transverse sternal dehiscence.