Objective To explore the relation between the serum prolactin level and the development of aggressive-phase vitiligo.Methods The peripheral blood serum of 205 aggressive-phase vitiligo patients ( trial group) and 98 healthy volunteer(control group) were assayed by chemiluminescence analysis.Results ( 1 ) The data of the prolactin levels and the overall distribution of sample mean had statistically significant differences between the control group and trial group( P ＜ 0.05 ).The PRL level of the trial group [ ( 275.96 ± 178.51 ) μIU/ml ] was significantly lower than that of the control group [ (282.98 ± 115.39)μIU/ml ] ( P ＜ 0.05 ).(2) The PRL level of the female trial group[ (288.68 ± 198.45) μ IU/ml]was significantly different from the female control group[ (303.82 ± 121.62)μIU/ml] ( P ＜ 0.05),and the PRL level between the male trial group [ (256.54 ± 141.72) μIU/ml] and the male control group [ (236.43 ± 84.67 ) μIU/ml ] had no significant differences ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion PRL should not directly result in or participate in development of vitiligo.So it could not be a diagnostic tests to measure the stage of vitiligo and the diagnosis basis for vitiligo's syndrome differentiation of chinese-medicine or Uygur-medicine.