0.05).The differences of necrosis rates of tumors in all the three groups(0.36?0.18 in group A,0.11?0.09 in group B and 0.10?0.06 in group C) had statistically shown the same results mentioned above. Conclusion: Intratumor injection of ~(90)Y-SAg is a safe,feasible and effective method to treat liver cancer in mice.

The adrenal cortex of 11 adult cats of both sexes were partially removedand the mode of their degeneration and regeneration was studied. The regenera-tion began from the peripheral glomerulosa in form of bands protruding into thewound. The newly formed glomerulosal layer would give rise to the fasciculataand successively the reticularis. When the glomerulosa alone was injured or re-moved, such as in the shallow part of the wound, the fasciculata inside remain-ed healthy and came in direct contact with the regenerated capsule. Similarly,when the fasciculata degenerated, the reticularis still remained intact. In view of these findings, it is concluded that the cells of the superficiallayer may proliferate and give rise to cells in the deeper layers during regenera-tion. Once the zones are well differentiated each of them is maintained as anindependent unit, as there is no degeneration of inner zones following the removalof outer zones. Previous hypotheses of cellular migration or zonation formulatedby various authors are discussed. Since there was no transitional form betweenthe capsular cells and the cells of fasciculata, the hypothesis that glomerulosalcells originated from the capsule is denied. Although some glomerulosal cells wereseen in the substance of the capsule in certain sections, they were found, whentraced in serial sections, to be a protrution of the neighbouring glomerulosallayer. Extracellular pigments were found in the early stages of the wound butin the later stages pigments were found only inside the cells. The pigmentcells, therefore, are believed to be macrophage in nature.

Eight healthy male adult guinea pigs were divided into four groups. Skin incisions were made on each Side of the back of each with CO_2 laser and scalpel respectively, and were sutured. Post-operative samples were taken on the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 14th days, and histological preparations were studied. The results were as follows:1. The healing process of CO_2 laser incisions were obviously retarded in comparison with those of scalpel, and usually produced a bigger scar.2. Laser caused the tisues of the cutting edges to coagulate, thus produced a sort of haemostasis.3. In laser incisions there were almost five times as many of mast cells being observed during the healing process than those by scalpel. It needs further studies to make sure whether it is related to the repair and defence of organism.4. Gleaned up the burnt tissues with 0.1％ Benzalkonium bromide seemed to have the effect of preventing infection and accelerating the healing process.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the quasispecies diversity and the dynamics of quasispecies evolution in patients with chronic Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.METHODS Changes of HCV quasispecies before and after interferon(IFN) therapy were detected by heteroduplex mobility analysis(HMA) and by automatic sequencer.RESULTS We found that no changes in viral complexity were observed with therapy,but there were marked changes in viral divergence.The proportion of major pretreatment variants was different in HVR1 in all patients.During the treatment,HCV quasispecies changed significantly.CONCLUSIONS HMA is a simple,rapid and reliable method for detecting HCV quasispecies.Responsiveness to interferon may be related to the changes in viral divergence,but not related to the numbers of viral variants.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an ineretin hormone released from intestinal L-cells into circulation in response to dietary nutrient intake.Based on the recently finished studies,we reviewed the impact of GLP-1 on gastric emptying,satiety,and food intake.Meanwhile,the ehnical advantage and gastrointestinal adverse effects of long-acting GLP-1 analogue liraglutide were evaluated.

Objective To obtain stable arsenic-resistance cells,the fetal bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)were exposed to low-level arsenite for 18 weeks. Methods Cells from 4 months fetal bone marrow were cultured in ?-MEM medium to obtain BMSCs.After 24h cytotoxicity test of the fetal BMSCs,we chosed 1?mol/L NaAsO_2 to be the dose under which the cell death-rate was 5%-10%.The fetal BMSCs were exposed to low-level arsenite.MTT was used to detect the survival rate and IC_(50) of arsenic-exposed cells and the control cells,which can reflect the change of arsenic tolerance.A hydride generationatomic fluorescence spectrometry method was used to detect arsenic in the arsenic-resistance cells and the control cells.In order to study the mechanism of arsenic-resistance,we also examined the intracellular GSH and GST content in the arsenic-resistance cells and the control cells. Results The fetal BMSCs were continuously exposed to 1?mol/L NaAsO_2.Parallel cells were cultured in medium without arsenic provided passage-matched control.After the fetal BMSCs were continuously exposed to low level NaAsO_2 for 18 weeks,cells exhibited dramatic resistance to acute arsenite toxicity.Compared to control cells,arsenic-resistance cells showed reduction in arsenic accumulation in cells.The GSH levels and GST activity of arsenic-resistance cells were higher than that of control cells.Conclusion Acquisition of stable arsenic-resistance in BMSCs was available by using cell culture and adding low-level arsenic.Our research established a solid basis for further study about the mechanisms of arsenic-resistance in human being.

Objective: To establish a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(2-DE) technique for serum proteomics.Methods: Various conditions of serum proteomic 2-DE were adjusted and optimized.Results: A steady 2-DE technique was established.Conclusions: Our established 2-DE technique of serum proteins can be effectively applied in serum proteomics of diseases.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4)inhibitors are two classes of incretin-based drugs for type 2 diabetes treatment.GLP-1 receptor agonists can directly activate the GLP-1 receptor while DPP-4 inhibitors act indirectly via preventing incretin enzymatic degradation.The comparison of two classes of drugs in clinical use becomes a hot research topic.A head to head comparison study has shown that,compared with DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin,GLP-1 analogue liraglutide shows better blood glucose control,weight loss,and β-cell function improvement,as well as higher patient treatment satisfaction and better cost-effectiveness of drug economics.Those advantages of liraglutide provide an ideal choice for the clinical treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Pituitary adenomas represent one of the most common type of central nervous system tumors. Since many signs and symptoms of pituitary adenomas overlap with those of other common diseases, missed diagnosis is more common. A long duration of active disease in patients with secreting pituitary adenomas is associated with an increased risk of complications and reduced quality of life. Therefore, correct, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for these patients. Treatment options for pituitary adenomas include medical therapy, microscopic or endoscopic surgical resection, and radiation therapy. The recent progresses in diagnosis and treatment for pituitary adenomas have been discussed in present paper for improving our understanding of the disease.

The effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3 on PHA-and alloantigen-induced human peripher-al blood lymphocyte proliferation,expressions of IL-2R and TfR were investigated by ~3H-TdRincorporation and indirect immunofluorescence methods respectively,The results demonstratedthat 1,25— (OH)_2D_3 had an inhibitory effect on PHA-induced proliferation (IC_(50)=19.1nM),which could partially reversed by exogenous recombinant IL-2,1,25 (OH)_3D_3 at high doses(10-100nM) it had an inhibitory effect.In both PHA-stimulated and alloactivated lymphocytes1,25(OH)_2D_3 could inhibit the expression of TfR and had no effect on that of IL-2R.This studysuggests that 1,25 (OH)_2D_3 in an important immunoregulatory hormone,the properties of whichneed further clarification.