Combined with safe mothcrhood project,in order to completely promote teaching quality,we should explore establishing a uniform,standardized,scientific and perfect teaching model of obstetric residents' standard training by analyzing the status and the difficulties in standard training of obstetric residents,and by adopting scientific and reasonable evaluation measures.

Objective To explore the clinical value of predictive nursing procedure for patients with orthopedic trauma. Methods 130 patients with orthopedic trauma were randomly divided into the observation group(72 cases)and the control group(58 patients).The control group was given conventional orthopedic care.The observation group was given predictive nursing procedure.The effective rescue time,hospital stay,hospital costs,complications,success rate of rescue and satisfaction degree with nursing for the two groups were taken for statistics. Results The effective rescue time and hospitalization time of the observation group were significantly shorter than the control group.The hospital costs reduced significantly.The complications in the observation group were significantly less than the control group,while the success rate of rescue was significantly higher.The satisfaction degree of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group. Conclusions The predictive nursing for patients with orthopedic trauma can improve treatment effect and reduce complications and hospital costs,which is worthy of promotion.

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of micro,endogenously-initiated non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs have ability to negatively regulate the expression of genes involved in cell differentiation,proliferation,apoptosis and tumorigenesis.miRNAs could act as potential oncogenes and tumor repressors. Recent findings have demonstrated that miRNAs play critical roles in human gastric cancer.In this article,we reviewed the recent research progresses about the role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis,invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer and highlight the most significant and latest findings of original researches on potential implications of miRNA as a new class of biomarkers and therapeutic target in gastric cancer.

Objective To compare the dosimetric difference of proton therapy(PT)and X-ray intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)for cervical esophageal cancer.Methods The treatment planning of 10 patients with cervical esophageal cancer were selected for this study.One IMRT plan and 2 PT plans (PT1 plan:two opposed AP-PA beams;PT2 plan:two anterior-oblique beams and one posterior beam)were constructed for each patient.The isodose distribution and statistical data extracted from dose volume histograms were used for dose plan comparison.Results The conformal index(CI95%,defined as the ratio between the volume receiving at least 95%of the prescribed dose and the volume of PTV)of IMRT,PT1 and PT2 was 1.43,1.52 and 1.43(F=3.62,P<0.01),respectively.And the mean dose of PTV was 64.4 Gy,65.0 Gy and 63.6 Gy(F=12.06,P<0.01);the mean dose in normal tissue outside of PTV was 20.7 Gy,10.5 Gy and 10.6 Gy(F=77.60,P<0.01),in whole lung was 12.1 Gy,7.3 Gy and 8.4 Gy (F=15.87,P<0.01);the maximum dose in spinal cord was 41.4 Gy,34.9 Gy and 35.0 Gy(F=11.74,P<0.01),respectively.Conclusions Ail plans full file the requirements for PTV,however.PT plans can reduce radiation dose in surrounding normal significantly.The possibility is provided to escalate PT dose in PTV or to combine more aggressive chemotherapy.The PT1 plan full fills the clinical requirements.

Objective To obtain stable arsenic-resistance cells,the fetal bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)were exposed to low-level arsenite for 18 weeks. Methods Cells from 4 months fetal bone marrow were cultured in ?-MEM medium to obtain BMSCs.After 24h cytotoxicity test of the fetal BMSCs,we chosed 1?mol/L NaAsO_2 to be the dose under which the cell death-rate was 5%-10%.The fetal BMSCs were exposed to low-level arsenite.MTT was used to detect the survival rate and IC_(50) of arsenic-exposed cells and the control cells,which can reflect the change of arsenic tolerance.A hydride generationatomic fluorescence spectrometry method was used to detect arsenic in the arsenic-resistance cells and the control cells.In order to study the mechanism of arsenic-resistance,we also examined the intracellular GSH and GST content in the arsenic-resistance cells and the control cells. Results The fetal BMSCs were continuously exposed to 1?mol/L NaAsO_2.Parallel cells were cultured in medium without arsenic provided passage-matched control.After the fetal BMSCs were continuously exposed to low level NaAsO_2 for 18 weeks,cells exhibited dramatic resistance to acute arsenite toxicity.Compared to control cells,arsenic-resistance cells showed reduction in arsenic accumulation in cells.The GSH levels and GST activity of arsenic-resistance cells were higher than that of control cells.Conclusion Acquisition of stable arsenic-resistance in BMSCs was available by using cell culture and adding low-level arsenic.Our research established a solid basis for further study about the mechanisms of arsenic-resistance in human being.

The adrenal cortex of 11 adult cats of both sexes were partially removedand the mode of their degeneration and regeneration was studied. The regenera-tion began from the peripheral glomerulosa in form of bands protruding into thewound. The newly formed glomerulosal layer would give rise to the fasciculataand successively the reticularis. When the glomerulosa alone was injured or re-moved, such as in the shallow part of the wound, the fasciculata inside remain-ed healthy and came in direct contact with the regenerated capsule. Similarly,when the fasciculata degenerated, the reticularis still remained intact. In view of these findings, it is concluded that the cells of the superficiallayer may proliferate and give rise to cells in the deeper layers during regenera-tion. Once the zones are well differentiated each of them is maintained as anindependent unit, as there is no degeneration of inner zones following the removalof outer zones. Previous hypotheses of cellular migration or zonation formulatedby various authors are discussed. Since there was no transitional form betweenthe capsular cells and the cells of fasciculata, the hypothesis that glomerulosalcells originated from the capsule is denied. Although some glomerulosal cells wereseen in the substance of the capsule in certain sections, they were found, whentraced in serial sections, to be a protrution of the neighbouring glomerulosallayer. Extracellular pigments were found in the early stages of the wound butin the later stages pigments were found only inside the cells. The pigmentcells, therefore, are believed to be macrophage in nature.

Eight healthy male adult guinea pigs were divided into four groups. Skin incisions were made on each Side of the back of each with CO_2 laser and scalpel respectively, and were sutured. Post-operative samples were taken on the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 14th days, and histological preparations were studied. The results were as follows:1. The healing process of CO_2 laser incisions were obviously retarded in comparison with those of scalpel, and usually produced a bigger scar.2. Laser caused the tisues of the cutting edges to coagulate, thus produced a sort of haemostasis.3. In laser incisions there were almost five times as many of mast cells being observed during the healing process than those by scalpel. It needs further studies to make sure whether it is related to the repair and defence of organism.4. Gleaned up the burnt tissues with 0.1％ Benzalkonium bromide seemed to have the effect of preventing infection and accelerating the healing process.

Rabies virus(RV);Matrix protein(M protein);Prokaryotic expression vector;Murine source;Rabbit source;Polyclonal antibody Objective To prepare murine and rabbit polyclonal antibodies against rabies virus(RV) matrix(M) protein and compare their reactivity.Methods The prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a-M was constructed by using the cDNA of cells infected with RV CVS-11 strain as template,then transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3),and the induced by IPTG to express M protein.After nickel column affinity chromatography and dialysis renaturation,female BALB/c mice and New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with the M protein,and the whole blood was taken to separate the serum.The titers of the murine and rabbit polyclonal antibodies were detected by ELISA,and the reactivity was measured by Western blot,indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA) and immunoprecipitation(IP).Results The plasmid pET-28a-M was constructed correctly as identified by sequencing.The titers of murine and rabbit polyclonal antibodies were 1:100 and 1:256 000respectively,and the polyclonal antibodies had reactivity with different RV strains.Conclusion The murine and rabbit polyclonal antibodies against M protein were successfully prepared,which provides important biological tools for exploring the interaction between M protein and host protein as well as studying the pathogenesis of RV.

Child ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Metabolic Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Pediatrics ; trends ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

Objective To examine whether the revised two-factor Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ-R-2) accords with four-factor model or two-dimension model in Chinese college students' learning situation. Methods Questionnaire survey was used and 1029 college students from three universities participated in the investigation were assessed with the Chinese version of (SPQ-R-2). Then correlation analysis and exploratory and Confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. Results The α coefficients of SPQ-R-2 ranged from 0.539 to 0.767. The correlation coefficients of inter-dimension ranged from -0.137 to -0.200,and the correlation coefficients of intra-dimension ranged from 0.557 to 0.918. Exploratory factor analysis using 515 samples showed SPQ-R-2 Chinese vision had four factors which could explain 45.023% variance and the loading of factors varied from 0.431 to 0.761.Confirmatory factor analysis using 514 samples indicated that the four-factor model and two-dimension model were the most fit models (χ2/df<5,RMSEA<0.08,ECVI value of approximately 1,AGFI value of approximately 0.90). Conclusion The SPQ-R-2 show good reliability and constructive validity. Four-factor model and two-dimension model have been proved free in China. The SPQ-R-2 is a reliable and valid measurement for assessing the study process of the Chinese college students.