1.Heterotopic ossification after reconstructive acetabular surgery in single centre experience, Khartoum North Teaching Hospital, Sudan.
Elkhawad HI ; Mohammed OB ; Abdalla AA.
Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences 2014;12(2):12-20
Acetabular reconstructive surgery is a good alternative method to treat acetabular fractures. The aims of this study were to assess the incidence, clinical pattern, and the relationship between various factors and heterotopic ossification (HO). This was a retrospective study involving all cases of acetabular fractures that underwent reconstructive surgery at Khartoum North Teaching Hospital in Khartoum state during the study period, (December 2006 to December 2011). A total of 132 patients with acetabular fractures were reviewed. The complete preoperative and post-operative data, together with information on regular follow up visits at 3 months, 6months and 2 years for each patient were collected. The SPSS was used for data processing. The male to female ratio was 4.3:1. Of the 132 cases 13 (9.8%) of them developed heterotopic ossification as a complication of the surgery. This consisted of 12 (92.3%) male and 1 (7.7%) female patients. The age range of the patients was 26-50 years. Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) /occupant constitute the most common mode of trauma 46.2%. AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaftfür Osteosynthesefragen foundation fracture classification) class A1 and B1 were the commonest types associated with HO. The mean hospital stay was 14 days. Male patients over 25 years of age with posterior hip dislocation, class A1 or A2, treated by posterior approach, were the highest at risk of developing Heterotopic Ossification.
2.Association Between Drinking Water Sources And Diarrhea With Malnutrition Among Kindergarten's Children In Baghdad City, Iraq
Hasanain FG ; Jamsiah M ; Zaleha MI ; Azmi MTamil ; Mohammed AA
Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2012;12(1):45-48
Malnutrition is associated with childhood diseases such as diarrhea or other severe illness. Children who suffer from repeated episodes of diarrhea are more likely to suffer from malnutrition. In addition, the source of drinking water is a very important factor affecting the nutritional status. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of malnutrition condition among children aged 3 to 5 years old and the factors associated with it. A cross sectional study using simple random sampling was conducted among 220 children aged 3 to 5 years old from four kindergartens in Baghdad city, Iraq. Nutritional assessment was carried out using the indicator weight-for-age z-score based on World Health Organization cut off points. Acute malnutrition was found in 18.2 % of the respondents. In this study 65 % of the respondents used tap water to drink as compared to 35 % who used sterilized bottles as source of drinking water. The environmental factors mainly the source of drinking water was significantly associated with child nutritional status (p=0.034). The prevalence of diarrhea and admissions to the hospital due to diarrhea were also significantly associated with malnutrition (p < 0.01, p <0.01) respectively. In conclusion, the effect of diarrhea on child nutritional status is very important and till now considered the major cause of child malnutrition. Shortage of safe drinking water in Iraq can lead to an increase in diarrhea cases and eventually leading to child malnutrition.