PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine current trends and the mode of future development in the field of medical radiology and to promote research among the nation's radiologists by analyzing the contents of the Korean Radiologic Society(JKRS) and Radiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The number of articles published in JKRS each year between 1990 and 1994 was counted. The research articles in JKRS(n=740) and in Radiology(n=1748) between 1992 and 1994 were categorized according to the objective, type, topic, materials, and radiologic techniques of their contents on the basis of predetermined criteria. Domestic Masters theses(n=126) and doctoral dissertations(n=75) accepted between 1990 and 1994, and domestic materials published in international journals(n=416) between 1986 and 1994 were also categorized using the same criteria. RESULTS: The greatest increase in the number of articles published in JKRS was seen during 1994. The majority of these aimed to retrospectively analyse the findings of diseases while the majority of articles published in Radiology dealt prospectively with the development and/or evaluation of diagnostic methods. More variety of topics and issues was seen in Radiology than in JKRS. The number of articles of domestic materials published in international journals increased from1986 to 1994, while the number of articles of foreign materials published in korea was relatively stationary. A significant number of theses and dissertations dealt, mostly prospectively, with studies of pathophysiologic and/or pharmacologic mechanisms using animal models. CONCLUSION: In order to understand both current trends and the direction and mode of future developments in the field of radiology, and to be able to actively deal with challenges at the forefront of radiologic development, it is essential to review research articles published in radiology-related journals.
Korea ; Models, Animal

No abstract available.
Animals ; Models, Animal

BACKGROUND: There are various alternative in vitro irritancy tests for substituting animal experiment. However, there is no standardized method or guideline for assessing in vitro cytotoxicity. OBJECTIVES: In order to predict toxicity on human skin, an experimental model was evaluated for the cutaneous cytotoxicity using living skin equivalents(LSE). METHODS: After applying test substances (SLS, various plant extracts) on LSE, morphological examination and MTT reduction assay was done. RESULTS: The results showed that cytotoxicity of SLS using LSE was well correlated with the concentration of SLS. Furthermore, characteristic histologic findings were observed according to the increasing concentrations of test materials. CONCLUSION: These results showed that LSE can be used as an alternative model to replace animal model for cytotoxicity testing.
Animal Experimentation ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Models, Theoretical ; Plants ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Models, Animal* ; Oxidopamine* ; Parkinsonian Disorders*

No abstract available.
Animals* ; Brain* ; Hypothermia* ; Models, Animal*

No abstract available.
Animals* ; Hypertension, Portal* ; Models, Animal*

No abstract available.
Animals* ; Ketogenic Diet* ; Models, Animal*

Osteonecrosis is a common disease, mainly affecting femoral head. Good animal models are helpful in research on the pathologic mechanism of osteonecrosis and the exploration of effective treatment. Although it is relatively easy to establish animal models of early osteonecrosis of femoral head using various approaches, it is difficult to develop an animal model that mimics the full range of osteonecrosis of femoral head. In this paper, we reviewed the current researches on experimental animal models of osteonecrosis, with an attempt to provide evidences for choosing the appropriate animal models and find the way of future development.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Osteonecrosis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of different-sized drill tips and laser irradiation times on the initial stability of orthodontic miniscrews placed in Er,Cr:YSGG-laser pre-drilled holes in an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Laser pre-drilled holes were made in dog mandibular bone with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser using irradiation times of 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 seconds, and tip diameters of 0.4 and 0.6 mm. The maximum diameter and depth of the pre-drilled holes was measured with micro computed tomography. The maximum insertion torque was measured during placement the miniscrew. RESULT: Laser pre-drilled holes were conical shaped. The maximum diameter of pre-drilled holes increased with longer laser irradiation times (P>0.05) and larger tip diameters (P < 0.05). The depth of pre-drilled holes increased with longer laser irradiation times and larger tip diameters (P < 0.05). When the 0.4 mm tip, but not the 0.6 mm tip, was used, the insertion torque decreased significantly with longer laser irradiation times (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Tip diameter impacted insertion torque more than irradiation time. It takes at least 9 seconds using a 0.6 mm tip to create a 0.8 mm diameter and 1.0 mm depth hole in thick cortical bone.
Animals ; Dogs ; Models, Animal ; Torque

Animal study plays a key role to evaluate the safety and effectivity of medical devices. This study aims to share evaluated consideration on the role, general principles, necessity, study design and quality management system of animal study, in order to improve the quality of animal study and reduce unnecessary study.
Animals ; Equipment and Supplies ; Models, Animal