This article expounds the existing situations in which the multimedia courseware has been applied widely in the institutions of higher learning,and emphasizes the importance and necessity of establishing and improving the assessment system of multimedia courseware.It forwards the principles of establishing the assessment criterion to be scientific,educative,technical,artistic and assistant,and furthermore lists measures to prepare and operate courseware,proposals to assess the teaching effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the curative effects of alfacalcidol soft capsules combined with calaium carbonate tablet on secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT)associated with chronic renal failure(CRF).METHODS:55patients were assigned to dialysis group(28cases)and non-dialysis group(27cases),both groups had taken oral alfacalcidol soft capsules in combination with calcium carbonate tablet continuously for3months.Then the changes in serum Ca 2+ ,P 3- ,PTH,AKP and Cr levels were observed.RESULTS:After treatment,serum Ca 2+ concentration was significantly increased(P

Objective To observe inhibiting effect of endostatin on subcutaneous transplant tumor of breast carcinoma, and to illuminate the therapeutic effect of endostatin in the cancer. Methods The effect of en-dostatin on MCF-7 cell proliferation was studied by MTr. The model of MCF-7 cell transplant tumor on nude mice was constructed. Endostatin was injected intradermally around the transplant tumor. Inhibition effect on the tumor was observed. Results Endostatin with the concentration of 10 μ/mL and 15 μg/mL can inhibitMCF-7 cell proliferation effectively (P < 0. 05 ). After endostatin injection, tumor weight, volume and mi-crovessel density decreased significantly(P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Endostatin can inhibit breast carcinoma proliferation through inhibiting angiogenesis and the tumor cell itself.

Objective To investigate the effect of universal salt iodization (USI) on the profile of in-patient thyroid diseases. Methods Informations on thyroid diseases were collected by retrospective approach in hospitalized patients. Results With USI for 1-4 years, the incidence of thyroid diseases in the total in-patient cases increased from 7.6‰ to 11.0‰, the female/male ratio increased from 3.6 to 4.1, patients aged

Objective To study the effect of Alemtuzumab on acute rejection (AR) and graft survival after kidney transplantation.Method Published domestic and foreign literatures regarding the effects of Alemtuzumab used on acute rejection and graft survival were reviewed,and Meta analysis was employed to analyze the Results.Odds ratio (OR) and its 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI) were used as the parameters to evaluate the therapeutic effects.The statistical analyses were performed with RevMan 5.1 software.Result A total of 9 pertinent research articles were reviewed.Meta-analysis of pooled results indicated that Alemtuzumab prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from acute rejection effectively with half year prevention of OR 0.37 and 95％ CI 0.24-0.58 (P＜0.01),one year prevention of OR 0.43 and 95 ％ CI 0.29-0.64 (P＜0.01),and two year prevention of OR 0.69 and 95％ CI 0.47-1.02 (P ＜ 0.01),respectively.It was revealed that Alemtuzumab could reduce the incidence of acute rejection by 55％ in half year,51％ in one year and 28％ in two years,respectively.No statistically significant difference in graft survival was found between Alemtuzumab group and control group (OR =1.18,95％ CI 0.76-1.85,P =0.46).No statistically significant difference in patients' survival was found between Alemtuzumab group and control group (OR =0.94,95 ％ CI 0.52-1.72,P =0.85).Conclusion Alemtuzumab may effectively prevent the recipients of kidney transplantation from acute rejection,but not obviously influence the graft and patient survival.

Objective To investigate influencing factors of puncture site bleeding after trans-radial coronary intervention (TRI)in order to provide guidance for prevention of post-operative bleeding complications.Methods A total of 198 patients with TRI hospitalized at the department of interventional cardiology of our hospital from August,2011 to December,2011 were recruited in the study.In the prospective study,they were divided into two groups:bleeding group(n=62)and non-bleeding group(n=136).The general status,medication,position of radial compressor,time of immobilization of the wrist joint,duration of loosing tourniquet between the first time and second time and number of laps,time for depression,duration for total release of compression device and laboratory testing were recorded as data.Cox regression analysis was done to explore factors influencing bleeding.Results The factors for puncture site bleeding after trans-radial coronary intervention included pre-operative medications,location of compression device at the midline of operated forearm,distance between the compression device midpoint and the second wrist crease,and time for total release of compression device,with their RR=2.001,3.521,1.470 and 0.999,respectively.Conclusion Factors contributing to increased risk of local bleeding at puncture site following TRI included pre-operative medications,location of compression device at the midline of operated forearm,distance between the compression device midpoint and the second wrist crease;whereas the time for total release of compression device may be a protective factor.

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the technical feasibility, safety and effectiveness of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)for the treatment of severe limb ischemia caused by tibioperoneal arteries occlusion. Methods From June 2004 to May 2007,35 patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI)were treated on an intention-to-treat basis with tibioperoneal arterial PTA. Main outcome measures were technical success rate, primary patency rate, limb salvage rate and complications. Results The technical success rate of tibioperoneal arterial PTA Was 83%.Mean follow-up time was 11.5 months, primary patency rate and limb salvage rate were 57%and 82%,respectively.Mean length of tibioperoneal arterial PTA was 9.5 cm(4.5～14 cm),concurrent treatment of iliac artery or femoral-popliteal artery was carried out in 19 patients via either angioplasty or combined with stenting.There were three complications including arterial spasm and thrombosis in one, which Was relieved by thrombolysis and antispasmodics, and artery perforation in 2 cases, which was treated conservatively. Conclusion In tibioperoneal arterial occlusions in CLI patients, PTA is feasible with a high initial technical success rate and high limb salrage rate,tibioperoneal arterial PTA carries a lower morbidity and less severe complications. PTA is a safe, effective and good treatment alternative for CLI patients of tibioperoneal arterial occlusions.

The aim of the present study was to detect the transmission rate of ultrasonic low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) through polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane (Thickness: 0.01 mm) and Bio-Gide collagen membrane, and to provide the basis for the barrier membrane selection on the study of LIPUS combined with guided tissue regeneration (GTR). The ultrasonic (LIPUS, frequency 1.5 MHz, pulse width 200 micros, repetition rate 1.0 kHz) transmission coefficient of the two kinds of barrier membrane were detected respectively through setting ten groups from 10 to 100mW/cm2 every other 10 mW/cm2. We found in the study that the ultrasonic transmission coefficient through 0.01 mm PTFE membrane was 78.1% to 92.%, and the ultrasonic transmission coefficient through Bio-Gide collagen membrane was 43.9% to 55.8%. The ultrasonic transmission coefficient through PTFE membrane was obviously higher than that through Bio-Gide collagen membrane. The transmission coefficient of the same barrier membrane of the ultrasonic ion was statistically different under different powers (P < 0.05). The results showed that the ultrasonic transmittance rates through both the 0.01 mm PTFE membrane and Bio-Gide collagen membrane were relatively high. We should select barrier membranes based on different experimental needs, and exercise ultrasonic transmission coefficient experiments to ensure effective power.
Biocompatible Materials ; Collagen ; chemistry ; Membranes, Artificial ; Permeability ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; chemistry ; Ultrasonics

Objective To explore the feasibility of using short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SLSEP) to quantitate Deqi.Methods A randomized crossover controlled trial was carried out. Healthy subjects were enrolled and allocated to treatment (thick needle, deep insertion and manipulation for Deqi) and control (thin needle, shallow insertion and no manipulation without Deqi) groups. Somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded before, during and after acupuncture. Deqi was assessed using the score scale in the subjets. The effects of Deqi and no Deqi at point Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on the potentials were observed.Results The preliminary exploration of the feasibility by the trial test showed that the effect of Deqi on short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials had certain regularity. It was worthy to be observed.Conclusion The plan is feasible. The formal test can be conducted.

Objective By using infrared thermal imager (Flir-SC620), to observe the effect of needling Sanyinjiao (SP6) on the skin temperature at Guanyuan (CV4) and Sanyinjiao in patients with primary dysmenorrhea (PD) of cold and dampness stagnation pattern, and to explore the probability of using infrared thermal imaging for diagnosis and as an objective index for evaluating the action and needling qi of acupuncture. Method Thirty-six subjects were recruited and divided into four group, a health control group (group A), a control group of PD of cold and dampness stagnation pattern (group B), a needling-qi-expected group (group C) and a needling-qi-unexpected group (group D). Group A and B were not given acupuncture treatment, while group C and D were treated with acupuncture at bilateral Sanyinjiao with needles retained for 30 min, and the needling sensations were recorded. The infrared thermal imager was used to detect the skin temperature at Guanyuan and bilateral Sanyinjiao for 40 min for each group, and the temperature was recorded every 10 min. The temperature during different periods of time, 0-10 min, 20-20 min, 20-30 min, 30-40 min, 0-30 min, and 0-40 min were then calculated. In group C, those obtained the needling qi sensation were further grouped into C-1 and those didn’t obtain the sensation were into C-2; in group D, those obtained needling qi sensation were further grouped into D-1 and those didn’t obtain the sensation were into D-2. SPSS 17.0 was adopted for data processing, and the data were analyzed by using MANOVA of repeated measuring. Result Compared to group A (6 cases), the temperature at Guanyuan in group B (6 cases) was significantly decreased during 0-30 min and 0-40 min (P<0.05), the temperature at the left Sanyinjiao during 0-40 min in group B was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the temperatures at bilateral Sanyinjiao during 30-40 min in group B significantly dropped (P<0.05). Compared to group B, the temperatures at Guanyuan during 0-30 min and 0-40 min in group C1 (12 cases) and group D1 (11 cases) were significantly increased (P<0.05), the temperature at left Sanyinjiao during 0-40 min in group D1 was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the temperatures at bilateral Sanyinjiao during 30-40 min in group D1 were significantly increased (P<0.05). There was no case in group C2 and only 1 case in group D2, hence, the data were not enough for analysis. Conclusion Decrease of the infrared temperature at Guanyuan and Sanyinjiao can be taken as one of the diagnostic criteria for dysmenorrhea of cold stagnation pattern. Increase of the infrared temperature at Guanyuan can be regarded as one of the objective evidences for the along-meridian transmission characteristic in needling Sanyinjiao.