Objective To assess the left ventricular synchronization and global systolic function in patients with implanted dual-chamber (DDD) mode cardiac pacemakers by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE). Methods Left ventricular systolic synchronization and global function were evaluated in 20 patients with implanted DDD mode cardiac pacemakers and 20 normal people by RT-3DE. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LEDV), end-systolic volume ( LESV), stroke volume (SV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), the mean value of time from the start of electrocardiographic QRS wave to the point of minimal systolic volume (Tmean) of the 17 segments and those standard deviation(T-SD),the maximal difference of time among all 17 segments(Tmax) were obtained by RT-3DE. Results Compared with control group, LESV was significantly increased,SV, LVEF were significantly decreased and T-SD,Tmax were significantly prolonged (P <0.01 ). There were no differences in LEDV and Tmean between the two groups (P>0.05). In patients group,LVEF correlated closely with T-SD (r =-0.674, P<0.05) and Tmax (r = - 0. 634, P < 0. 05). Conclusions There were left ventrieular systolic asychronization and global systolic dysfunction in patients with implanted dual-chamber (DDD) mode cardiac pacemakers,which could be assessed by RT-3DE.

Objective To detect the clinical value of evaluating myocardial viability in patients with old myocardial infaretion(OMI) by measuring myocardial isovolumie contraction motion indices with tissue Doppler imaging(TDI) under the quiescent condition. Methods The myocardial isovolumic contraction motion indices of 30 normal subjects and 30 patients with OMI were examined by TDI. The sample gate was located at left ventricular postero-septal,lateral,anterior,inferior,antero-septal and posterior walls in basal and middle segments separately. The peak positive and negative veiocities(VIVC1 ,VIVC2 ) during myocardial isovohimic contraction phase, and the difference(DIVC) between VIVC1 and VIVC2 were measured, which were analysed combined with the viable fraction(VF) calculated by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Results VIVC1, DIVC were significantly decreased,and VIVC2 was significantly increased in infarct zones of patients with OMI than those of the normal subjects( P <0.05). Compared with normal subjects, myocardial isovolumic contraction motion indices of non-infarct wails in patients with OMI were steady( P >0.05). In OMI group,DIVC of short axis was significantly decreased than that in long axis( P <0.05). Statistic analysis showed that DIVC values on both of short and long axis had significant positive correlations with VF derived from SPECT,and the correlation coefficients were 0. 837 ( P<0. 001) and 0. 797( P<0. 001 ) ,respectively. The sensibility and specificity of evaluating viable myocardium was 75% and 75% separately supposing the cutoff of DIVC on short axis was more than - 1.50,and the sensibility and specificity was 77. 8% and 87.5% separately if the cutoff of DIVC on long axis was more than 0.92. Conclusions Myocardial isovolumic contraction's TDI of infarct zones in patients with OMI had characteristic changes. DIVC on both of short and long axis could be as a new method of evaluating myocardial viability.

Objective To solve the agglomeration problem in the former process, dry granulation technology was used to prepare the granules of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules. Methods Complexity and granule yield coefficient were set as inspection indexes. The optimum subsidiary material and its amount were optimized. The parameters of dry granulation technology were optimized by orthogonal test. Then, granule yield, angle of repose, and bulk density were compared with those of wet granulation technology. Results Starch was set as subsidiary material. The optimum technology is roll pressure of 12 MPa, rotation speed of 5 r/min, and feed speed of 10 r/min. The yield of granules prepared by dry granulation technology was significantly higher than that of wet granulation technology. Conclusion The dry granulation technology can effectively improve the agglomeration of the granulation process of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules, and was suitable for granulating process of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules.

BACKGROUND:CTLA-4Ig as a tolerance-induction agent is a potential strategy in graft-versus-host disease prevention. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of CTLA4Ig-gene-modified bone marrow stromal cels mediated by adenovirus to induce T-cel tolerance of haploidentical donors. METHODS: The bone marrow stromal cels isolated culture from the bone marrow of HLA haploidentical donors were transfected by recombinant adenovirus encoding CTLA4IgcDNA (AdCTLA4Ig) at a multiplicity of infection=50 for 72 hours. The expression rate and the location of CTLA4Ig in the transfected cels were detected by fluorescence microscope after immunofluorescence staining. CTLA4Ig-modified bone marrow stromal cels (2×104, 4×104and 8×104) were respectively co-cultured with 105 T cels from the peripheral blood of HLA haploidentical donors and 105 peripheral blood mononuclear cels from recipients. The proliferative inhibition rate was determined by MTT assay, and the level of interleukin-2 in the supernatant was detected by ELISA. The bone marrow mononuclear cels (1×105/wel) were co-cultured with CTLA4Ig-modified bone marrow stromal cel layers constructed in 6-wel plates. The number of bone marrow mononuclear cels and colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophages were calculated after 5-day culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression rate of CTLA4Ig at the multiplicity of infection=50 was as high as 85%, and the immunofluorescence signals of CTLA4Ig were distributed unevenly in the cytoplasm. The inhibition rates of 2×104, 4×104, and 8×104 CTLA4Ig-modified bone marrow stromal cels on proliferation of T cels were higher than that of untransfected cels. The levels of interluekin-2 in the corresponding cel groups were significantly lower than that in the untransfected cels (P < 0.05). At 5 days of culture, there was no significant difference in the number of bone marrow mononuclear cels and colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophages between the transfected and untransfected cel groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that CTLA4Ig-modified bone marrow stromal cels mediated by adenovirus can induce immune tolerance of T-lymphocyte from HLA haploidentical donors in vitro.

Objective To study the application of dynamic ultrasound countercurrent extraction technology in industrialization of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule by multi-index optimization. Methods Ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic time were investigated by using single factor design. The three factors of dry extract yield, the active ingredient content, and fingerprints were selected as the optimization indexes to investigate the solvent consumption and extraction time between the dynamic ultrasound countercurrent extraction process and the original reflux extraction process under the fixed conditions of process parameters. Results Compared with traditional reflux extraction technology, dynamic ultrasound countercurrent extraction technology effectively reduced the alcohol consumption and saved extraction time on the basis of guarantee of the active ingredient content. Conclusion Dynamic ultrasound countercurrent extraction process, with simple and fast advantages, can be used to Lianhua Qingwen Capsule production, which can significantly reduce production costs and increase productivity.

Objective To investigate influences of co-culture with the bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on imatinib sensitivity,and the role of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis in imatinib resistance of K562 cells in the co-culture model.Methods The model was constructed by co-culturing K562 cells with BMSCs isolated and cultured from the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.The apoptosis rate and the CXCR4 expressing rate of the K562 cells exposed to 0.5 μmol/L imatinib for 72 hours were detected by fluorescent-activated cell scanning (FACS) machine.The K562 cells were exposed to 0.5 μmol/L imatinib for 4 hours,and labelled by calckin-AM fluorescent labeling sytem.The adhesion rate of the K562 cells co-cultured with BMSCs for 24 hours was calculated with fluorescence intensity.The IC50 value of K562 cells exposed to imatinib was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay while the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis was blocked by 10 μg/ml monoclonal antibody of CXCR4.Results The apoptosis rate of K562 cells exposed to 0.5 μmol/L imatinib for 72 hours in co-culture group and suspension culture group was (15.48 ±4.17) ％ and (32.01 ±6.83) ％,respectively.The apoptosis rates of K562 cells in the two groups were significantly different (t =5.587,P =0.001).For the co-culture group,the CXCR4 expressing rates of K562 cells unexposed and exposed to 0.5 μmol/L imatinib for 72 hours were (20.31 ± 3.76) ％ (suspension cultured:11.28％ ± 3.44％) and (53.64 ± 5.35) ％ (suspension cultured:25.34％ ± 3.21％),respectively.Those results showed that co-culture with BMSCs and exposure to imatinib induced the K562 cells to express CXCR4.The adhesion rates of the K562 cells to the BMSCs were elevated from (42.18 ± 6.17) ％ to (68.97 ± 11.08) ％ when the K562 cells were exposed to 0.5 μmol/L imatinib for 4 hours.The IC50 values of block group (the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis was blocked by 10 μg/ml monoclonal antibody of CXCR4) and unblock group were (0.68 ± 0.04) μmol/L and (1.27 ± 0.05) μmol/L,respectively.The IC50 values of two groups were significantly different(t =4.869,P =0.001).Conclusions The K562 cells co-cultured with the BMSCs from the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia can obtain resistance to imatinib,which was related with that co-culture with the BMSCs and exposure to imatinib can induce the K562 cells to express CXCR4.To a certain extent,the imatinib resistance mediated by co-culture with BMSCs can be reversed by monoclonal antibody of CXCR4.

A new instrument, furnished with hydrogen clearance technique for measuring local blood-flow, was designed by use of new electronic components and a microcontroller. The corresponding program was developed. The curve of hydrogen clearance was sampled automatically by microcomputer, fitted into an exponential function by least square method, and then the local blood-flow was calculated. The cerebral blood-flow in the rat's striatum had been measured using the system. The fitted curve corresponds with the curve of hydrogen clearance and the obtained parameter was correct. The design of the instrument was reasonable. It can work reliably and stably. The calculated results are more accurate and they can be acquired more quickly, because the curve of hydrogen clearance is automatically sampled and analyzed by the microcomputer.
Animals ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; physiology ; Equipment Design ; Hydrogen ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Microcomputers ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Regional Blood Flow ; physiology ; Rheology ; instrumentation ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted