Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is identified as one of the most important causes of cognitive disorders in patients with traumatic brain injury. Radiologic recognition of DAI can help in understanding the clinical syndrome and in making treatment decisions. However, CT and conventional MRI are often normal or demonstrate lesions that are poorly related to the cognitive disorders present. Recently, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and fiber tractography (FT) have been shown to be useful in detecting various types of white matter damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using DTI and FT to detect lesions in DAI patients, and to correlate these DAI lesions with the patients' cognitive disorders. We investigated 9 normal volunteers and 9 patients with DAI. The DAI patients had impaired intelligence, as well as attention, memory and executive function disorders that restricted their activities of daily living. In the DAI patients, DTI showed abnormal brain areas in the corpus callosum, fornix, frontal and parietal lobe white matter, and FT revealed interruptions of the white matter fibers in the corpus callosum and the fornix when compared with the normal volunteers, while no lesions were found on conventional MRI. DTI and FT can directly visualize DAI lesions, which cannot be reliably detected by conventional methods. Accordingly, both DTI and FT may be useful techniques for the evaluation of DAI, and may have the potential to be applied to planning rehabilitation therapy, and predicting the neurologic prognosis in DAI patients with cognitive disorders.

The actual measurement of the body surface area generally take much trouble. And the existance of some interrelation among the height, weight and the others now lead to the calculation of the body surface area using a way of multipling these factors by a constant coefficient. After much investigation about a variety of calculation formula which have desingned by now we reached a conculusion that a from A=K₁X+K₂Y+Q (Howland-Dana from) is more desirable than the others, above all by applying X for the height (Hcm) and Y for the weight (Wg) the most desirable approximation can be got. From this point of view we achieved a new calculation formula for Japanease adult man and woman as follows. A=0.0901W+62.49H+266 for man and A=0.1309W+ 37.33H + 1799 for woman come as the result.

The use of pharmaceuticals requires establishing a safe environment and securing a system to reduce risk. In our isotope inspections, the operational system for using radiopharmaceuticals was insufficient, which became a problem. For this reason, through cooperation between a radiological technologist responsible for radiation safety management and a pharmacist responsible for medicine safety management, we considered the operational system for the preparation and management of radiopharmaceuticals at our hospital. In accordance with the guidelines for handling radiopharmaceuticals, we established a system to reduce risks by reviewing pharmaceuticals, creating checklists, and improving the work environment. By reviewing and improving the system of safety management and safe use in cooperation with other disciplines, it became possible to reduce risk through double checks and to improve the work environment for routine operations. This report describes the efforts made in our hospital.