Objective To evaluate the association between air pollution and daily cardiovascular mortality in Beijing. Methods The daily death data, the meteorological data and the air pollution data from January 1 to December 31, 2003 were collected, the time-series analysis by generalized additive model was used, controlling for long-term trends, seasonal patterns and meteorological variables (temperature, humidity). Results An increase of 10 ?g/m3 of SO2, NO2 and PM10 corresponded to 0.4%(0.1%-0.8%), 1.3%(0.2%-2.4%)and 0.4%(0.2%-0.6%)increase of cardiovascular mortality respectively in Beijing. Conclusion The results of the present paper show that the current level of air pollution is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in Beijing.

The character of exposure-response relationship between particulate matter and population mortality has been one of the critical and difficult problems in air pollution epidemiological study. The character of exposure-response relationship included the shape of the exposure-response relationship and the existence of the threshold concentration. In this paper, the recent relevant researches on the character of exposure-response relationship between particulate matter and population mortality were reviewed. The threshold concentration of particulate matter for mortality was not found and the shape of the exposure-response curve need to be further studied. Now, in China, we are facing a good opportunity for researching the exposure-response relationship between particulate matter and population mortality.

Objective To investigate the clinical feature and prevalence of chronic actinic dermatitis in a four-generation family with both monovular twins affected by chronic actinic dermatitis.Methods The clinical and laboratory findings from monovular twins simultaneously affected by chronic actinic dermatitis and their four-family members were analyzed.Results There were 76 members in the four-generation family,with 22 members (including 14 males and 8 females) diagnosed with chronic actinic dermatitis.No positive results were found from laboratory examinations or environmental survey.Conclusion Chronic actinic dermatitis was inherited in an autosomal mode in this family.

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Objective:To explore the morphological parameters of tricuspid in patients with moderate or above functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR ) by real-time three-dimensional (3D) transthoracic echocardiography.Methods:A total of 31 moderate or above FTR(FTR group) and 36 healthy adults(control group) were included in the study from May to July 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (Xijing Hospital). Two-dimensional (2D) and 3D echoardiography were performed on both FTR group and control group. The 2D parameters included tricuspid regurgitation (TR), transverse diameter of right atrium/ ventricle, transverse diameter of tricuspid annulus(TVD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS). The tricuspid 3D parameters were analyzed by TomTec software, including annular parameters[annular anterior-posterior diameter (AP), annular left-right diameter (AL-PM), sphericity index (SI=AP/AL-PM), non-planar angle (NPA), annulus circumference (AC), annulus area (AA), annulus height (AH)], leaflet parameters[tenting volume(TV), tenting area(TA), tenting heigh(TH), commissural diameter(CD)], and dynamic parameters[annular displacement max(ADmax), annulus area fraction(AAF)].Results:Compared with the control group, AP, AL-PM, SI, AC, AA, TV, TA parameters of FTR group were larger, ADmax was smaller (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression model was used to evaluate the effects of RA, RV, AP, AL-PM, SI, TV, TA on FTR, and the results showed that FTR was associated with TV and TA( t=4.253, -2.14; all P<0.05). Conclusions:RT-3DE can be used to assess the morphological parameters of tricuspid valve with moderate or above FTR patients effectively. TV and TA are the two most important factors for moderate or above FTR.

Objective:To explore the differences in imaging characteristics and risk factors for mortality between the young and middle-aged and elderly patients with aortic dissection.Methods:The data from 1 220 patients with aortic dissection from January 2007 to December 2015 were successively collected. They were divided into young and middle-aged and elderly groups according to their ages. The basic information, computer comography angiography and echocardiogram results, hospital admissions and surgical details were collected and compared between the two groups using single variable regression analysis.Results:The ratio of female patients in the middle-aged and elderly group (>45 years old) was significantly higher than that of the young group (≤45 years old) (24.9% vs 18.7%, P=0.014), the ratio of hypertension patients was also significantly higher than that in the young group (77.5% vs 68.1%, P<0.001). Echocardiographic parameters showed that the prevalences of left ventricular enlargement (39.9% vs 26.9%) and left ventricular dysfunction (22.3% vs 14.1%) in the young group were significantly higher than in the middle-aged and elderly group (all P<0.001). The prevalences of ascending aorta dilation [(43.04±9.12)mm vs (41.69±10.99)mm] and thrombosis (39.1% vs 28.5%) were higher ( P<0.05). Although there was no statistically significant difference in mortality within 60 days after admission between the two groups (12.0% vs 15.1%, P=0.164), univariate regression analysis showed that aortic branch involvement was the main independent risk factor for mortality in young patients. Left ventricular remodeling (left atrial enlargement, ascending aortic dilation, aortic regurgitation) and decreased heart function were the main independent risk factors for death in the elderly patients. Conclusions:The mortality rate of young and middle-aged and elderly patients with aortic dissection are comparable, but the influencing factors are different. Screening out the relevant risk factors that affect the survival rate of the two groups, and conducting targeted prevention and intervention on them areof great significance to improve the survival rate of patients.