Objective To investigate the pathological types and features of lymph nodes in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)patients with superficial lymphadenectasis.Methods The tissues of lymph nodes were obtained from 151 HIV/AIDS patients with superficial lymphadenectasis for pathological examination.The pathological results were observed by light microscope after Hematoxylin-Eosin(HE),acid-fast,periodic acid-Schiff (PAS),and digested-PAS(D-PAS)staining.The pathological results of lymph nodes were described and the correlation between pathological changes and CD4+T lymphocyte count was analyzed.Chisquare test was used for the statistic analysis.Results The benign lesions were found in 145 patients (96.0%),while the malignant tumors were found in 6 patients(4.0%).The pathological findings in the 151 HIV/AIDS patients included tuberculosis(72 patients),lymph node reactive hyperplasia(34patients),lymphatic fungal infections(23 patients,including penicillium diseases in 19 cases),AIDSrelated lymphadenectasis(14 cases),non-Hodgkin lymphoma(5 cases),benign fibrous histiocytoma (1 case).In addition,there were 83 patients(55.0%)with CD4+T lymphocyte count lower than 100×106/L.The frequency of penicillium diseases was higher in patients with lower CD4+T lymphocyte count(x2=7.757,P=0.021).Conclusions The major reasons for superficial lymphadenectasis in HIV/AIDS patients are infectious diseases,such as tuberculosis and fungal infections,which are common in patients with lower CD4+T lymphocyte counts.Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the most common malignant tumor in this patient population.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic and pathological changes of peripheral pulmonary lesions in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated with Penicillium marneffei pneumonia (PMP) and their clinical significance.Methods The ultrasonographic and pathological data of peripheral pulmonary lesions in 31 cases of AIDS complicated with PMP who were diagnosed in Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning were retrospectively reviewed.Results Among 31 cases of PMP,20 cases (64.5％) showed star-like diffuse sonogram,7 cases (22.6％) low solid echo and 4 cases (12.9 ％) black hole-like sonogram in ultrasonographic changes of peripheral pulmonary lesions.In pathological examination,Penicillium marneffei were seen in all samples:periodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS) and periodic acid-Schiff diastase stain (PAS-D) were all positive.Twenty four cases (77.4％) mainly showed infiltration of inflammatory cells,and 7 cases (22.6 ％) mainly showed necrosis and fibrous hyperplasia.Among 20 patients with star like diffuse sonogram,19 were mainly infiltration of inflammatory cells in pathological changes,and 19 were CD4+ T lymphocyte counts of 100-200/μL.Among 4 patients with black hole-like sonogram,all were necrosis in the central and hyperplasia in the peripheral in pathological changes,and CD4-T lymohocyte counts were all＜50/μL.Conclusions In AIDS patients complicated with PMP,ultrasonographic features were probably correlated with pathological changes in biopsy tissues and CD4-T lymphocyte counts.