Objective To investigate the role of dendritic cell (DC) subsets and T cell subpopulations expressing different intracellular cytokines in the pathogenesis of syphilis. Methods Flow cytometry was utilized to measure the frequencies of peripheral DC subsets and IFN-γ-, IL-2-, IL-4-, IL-10-expressing peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subpopulations in 20 patients with syphilis before and after therapy, and in 15 healthy human controls. Results The frequency of CD11c+ DC was significantly lower in pretreated patients than that in treated patients (P<0.01), but higher than that in the normal controls (P<0.05), and the same was true for the frequency of IFN-γ-expressing T cells, IL-2-expressing T cells, and IL-12-expressing T cells. By contrast, a decrease was noticed in the frequency of IL-4-expressing T cells and IL-10-expressing T cells in pretreated patients compared with that in the normal controls. Furthermore, in patients with syphilis, the frequency of CD11c+ and CD123+ DC was unrelated to the percentage of IFN-γ-expressing and IL-12- expressing T cells (both P>0.05). Conclusions IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-12 may exert an immunoregnlatory effect in the eliminating of Treponema pallidum, whereas IL-4 and IL-10 may perform an imrnunoinhibitory effect.

AIM:To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of citalopra hydrobromide in human plasma.METHODS:The citalopra hydrobromide concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC-UV.The column was Lichrospher ODS(5 ?m,250 mm?4.6 mm).The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1 mol/L KH2PO4 buffer-triethylamine(35:65:0.3,v/v/v).The flow rate was 1 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 240 nm.The test and reference formulations of citalopra were given to 18 healthy male volunteers.RESULTS:The calibration curve was linear within the range of 2-128 ?g/L,r=0.9992.The minimum detection limit was 1 ?g/L.The recovery was 80%-88%,the RSDs of inter-day and intra-day were not more than 15%.After a single oral dose of 20 mg citalopra hydrobromide was given,the main pharmacokinetic parameters tmax were(4.6?1.0),(4.4?1.4) and(4.0?1.4) h;Cmax were(70?19),(71?17) and(66?21) ?g/L;and t1/2 were(37?9),(37?6) and(36?6) h respectively.CONCLUSION:No significant difference exists among the pharmacokinetic parameters of the three formulations.They are bioequivalent.

Objective To evaluate the effects of AIDET ( Acknowledge, Introduce, Duration, Explanation, Thanks ) communication mode in the modified electroconvulsive therapy. Methods Firstly, according to the procedure of the modified electroconvulsive therapy, we established the standard phrases of AIDET communication mode. Secondly, 100 cases of hospitalized psychiatric patients from August to October 2013 accepted the modified electroconvulsive therapy and were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 50 cases in each. The control group used the traditional lecture-style communication, while the observation group was given the AIDET communication processes and standard terms. The anxiety of two groups before and after the treatment was compared by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale ( HAMA ) , in addition with the treatment adherence and the satisfaction of nursing. Results Comparison of the HAMA scores in the two groups before the treatment was not significantly different (P >0. 05). After using the two different communication modes, the HAMA scores of somatic anxiety, mental anxiety and the total score of the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=5. 99, 6. 51, 10. 87, 10. 23, 6. 19, 7. 94, respectively;P<0. 05). The treatment adherence and the satisfaction with nursing of the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (Z =5. 77,χ2 =7. 16, respectively;P <0. 05). Conclusions The AIDET mode of communication can effectively reduce the patient′s anxiety, and improve the patients′adherence, treatment compliance and satisfaction.