Objective To investigate the expression pattern of transcription factor Olig 2 in cuprizone-induced mouse model of acute demyelination .Methods C57BL/6 mice were fed with 0.2%cuprizone to induce acute demyelina-tion.Immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR were used, and Olig2, MBP and GFAP were detected in the brain tissues of con-trol group and cuprizone-treated groups for 6 weeks and recovery for 2 weeks.Results Severe demyelination occurred in the corpus callosum following 6-weeks exposure to cuprizone , while remyelination was detected in the white matter after the mice were given diet without cuprizone .In the normal mice , Olig2 was expressed in a low level , while the experessions of Olig2 and GFAP were significantly increased , and Olig2 +/GFAP+cells were detected after demyelination .But the expres-sion of MBP was below the normal level with demyelination .After recovery for 2 weeks, the experession of Olig2 was lower, but the experessions of MBP and GFAP were increased .Conclusions Olig2 may play an important role in the glial differ-entiation from neural progenitor cells into active astrocytes , and in the glial scar formation .

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with CT-guided 125I seed implantation in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated by portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT), and to discuss the technical points. Methods A total of 48 HCC patients with PVTT were enrolled in this study. TACE combined with CT-guided 125I seed implantation was carried out in all 48 patients. Based on the sites of PVTT, the lesions were classified into type A (PVTT within main portal vein), type B(PVTT within level-1 portal branch) and type C(PVTT within level-2 or more distal portal branch). According to whether the 125I seeds were directly implanted into the PVTT or not, the patients were divided into direct in-tumor thrombus implantation group (group A) and around tumor thrombus implantation group (group B; the 125I seeds were implanted in the liver parenchyma or in tumor tissue around the tumor thrombus within 1.7 cm region). The tumor thrombus control rate(TTCR), the disease control rate(DCR), the time to progress(TTP) and the overall survival rate of patients(OS) were determined, and the results were compared among different types and groups. Results TACE combined with CT-guided 125I seed implantation was successfully accomplished in all 48 patients. The median OS of type A, B and C was 8, 11.5 and 15 months respectively(P=0.003);the TTCR of type A, B and C was 61.5%, 70.8%and 72.7%respectively(P=0.548); the DCR of type A, B and C was 69.2%, 75%and 81.8% respectively (P=0.483); the median TTP of type A, B and C was 4.5, 8 and 11 months respectively(P=0.030);the median TTP of intra-hepatic tumor of type A, B and C was 5, 9 and 9.5 months respectively(P=0.012). The median OS in group A and group B was 10 and 11.5 months respectively (P=0.239); the TTCR in group A and group B was 69.2% and 68.2%respectively(P=0.591); the DCR of intra-hepatic tumor in group A and group B was 73.1% and 77.3%respectively(P=0.502); the median TTP of tumor thrombus in group A and group B was 7 and 10 months respectively(P=0.276); and the median TTP of intra-hepatic tumor in group A and group B was 8 and 9.5 months respectively(P=0.089). Conclusion For the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by portal vein tumor thrombus, TACE combined with CT-guided 125I seed implantation can effectively control the progress of both the tumor thrombus and the intra- hepatic tumor and prolong patient’s survival time. Implantation of 125I seeds into the portal vein tumor thrombus and implantation of 125I seeds into the liver parenchyma around the tumor thrombus have the same therapeutic results. (J Intervent Radiol, 2015, 24:488-493)

Objective To investigate the clinical outcome and treatment of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) following partial splenic embolization (PSE).Methods From April 2006 to April 2010,105patients with hypersplenism caused by cirrhotic portal hypertension were treated with PSE.Contrastenhanced abdominal computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging was performed routinely in 60patients before PSE and 1 -3 months after PSE.PVT was detected in 10 patients on images after the procedures.After PVT was diagnosed,4 patients received anticoagulant therapy immediately,and the other 6 patients did not receive therapy.Clinical data of these 10 PVT patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results 3 of 4 patients who received anticoagulant therapy had complete or partial resolution of the thrombus,and one developed mild ascites without thrombosis progression.Of the 6 patients who did not receive anticoagulant therapy,follow-up studies (6- 48 months,mean 16.9 months) demonstrated partial clot calcification in one,thrombosis progression in 5.Among those 5 patients with thrombosis progression,two experienced hematemesis due to variceal rupture and underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt,2 developed cavernous transformation,extensive collateral circulation,ascites and variceal progression,and one had variceal progression with melena during the follow-up period.Conclusions PVT is a severe complication of PSE.Early diagnosis and prompt anticoagulant therapy is effective in preventing PVT.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of isolated celiac artery (CA) dissection and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) dissection.MethodsIntegrating clinical data of 119 cases with isolated dissection of the visceral arteries ( IDVA ) reported in literature and 2 patients with spontaneous isolated dissections of both CA and SMA treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,the diagnosis and treatment of IDVA were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among 119 cases reported in the literature,69 cases were symptomatic.All of the cases were diagnosed by contrast-enhanced abdominal CT or MRI.After IDVA was discovered,surgical treatment and endovascular stent placement was performed in 8 and 5 patients respectively,although the remaining 106 patients were managed conservatively with good results.In our 2 cases,the diagnosis of CA and SMA dissection was established by contrastenhanced CT and confirmed by conventional angiograghy.One patient was treated with anticoagulation and antihypertension,and the other patient was treated with endovascular stenting.Both of the patients didn't have discomfort during the follow-up period of 12 and 3 months respectively.ConclusionsContrastenhanced abdominal CT is the main tool for detection of IDVA.Most of the patients with IDVA can be managed conservatively,but close surveillance with imaging studies is necessary for early recognition of dissection progression.Patients with persistent or relapsed symptoms,and dissection progression,should undergo surgical or endovascular treatment.

OBJECTIVESTo study the usefulness of CT virtual colonoscopy (CTVC) in patients with incomplete conventional colonoscopy (CC) and assess the statistical differences between two methods of colorectal segment examination.

METHODSSixty patients with incomplete CC underwent volume scanning using spiral CT. CT VC images were obtained using a navigator software in workstation. All patients were confirmed by surgical or CC biopsy histology. Statistical analysis was done using t test comparing two sample percentages.

RESULTSCTVC succeeded in 55/60 patients (91.7%) who had incomplete CC. Additional lesions were identified in the proximal colon in 15/55 patients (27.3%), including 1 primary carcinoma, 16 polyps in 13 patients and 1 ulcerative colonitis. The main cause of incomplete CC was occlusive mass; others were redundant, tortuous colon loops, and excessive colonic spasm. There was a statistically significant difference between the two methods in colorectal segment examination.

CONCLUSIONCTVC is a feasible and effective adjunctive method for evaluating the entire colorectal segment following an incomplete CC procedure. It offers a new approach for colorectal examination.

Adult ; Aged ; Colonoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

As an essential micronutrient in mammals, iodine is involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormone and plays an important role in human life. Iodine itself has the characteristics of chemical elements, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other effects. It plays a role in some free radical-related chronic diseases. Iodine also has anti-proliferation and pro-apoptotic effects on some tumor cells to inhibit tumor development. At present, many studies about iodine focus on its role in thyroid gland and its hormone. A little attention has been paid to the extrathyroidal action of iodine. Here we reviewed the role of iodine in extrathyroidal tissues and organs with iodine uptake capacity and its effect on metabolism.

BACKGROUND:Total knee arthroplasty is one of the effective methods to treat end-stage knee osteoarthritis.However,some patients still experience chronic post-surgical pain.It is significant to find out the influencing factors of chronic post-surgical pain.Demographic factors,social psychological factors and perioperative pain were the focus of previous studies,but muscle factors closely related to the occurrence and development of knee osteoarthritis were rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the value of preoperative quantitative ultrasound analysis of quadriceps femoris in predicting chronic post-surgical pain after total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:A total of 250 patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent the first unilateral total knee arthroplasty under elective general anesthesia from January to August 2022 in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected.All patients were treated with the same anesthesia and operative methods.Before the surgery,clinical data were recorded,and the thickness and echo intensity of quadriceps femoris on the operated side were measured by ultrasound imaging,which could quantify the degree of quadriceps femoris atrophy.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent factors affecting the occurrence of chronic post-surgical pain,and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate its predictive value. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)250 subjects were involved in the result analysis,and 91 of them had chronic post-surgical pain,with an incidence of 36.4%.(2)There were significant differences between the chronic pain and non-chronic pain groups in preoperative pain score during movement,preoperative Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index,preoperative anxiety and depression scale score,preoperative muscle thickness and echo intensity of quadriceps femoris,and postoperative acute pain score(P<0.05).(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative thickness of quadriceps femoris was an independent protective factor for chronic post-surgical pain and preoperative pain score during movement was an independent risk factor for chronic post-surgical pain.(4)Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the area under the curve of the preoperative thickness of quadriceps femoris was 0.625(95%CI:0.555-0.695),and the critical value was 2.78 cm,sensitivity was 0.802,specificity was 0.415.(5)It is concluded that the preoperative thickness of quadriceps femoris is an independent protective factor for chronic post-surgical pain,but its predictive efficacy is low,and its clinical application needs to be further verified or modified.

Objective:To analyze effects of ozone bath, 1∶8 000 potassium permanganate bath and 1∶5 000 potassium permanganate bath on the recovery of skin lesions in patients with pemphigus.Methods:Patients with pemphigus, who received immersion bath treatment during their hospitalization, were retrospectively collected from Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital from January 2016 to June 2021. The efficacy and safety of different immersion bath methods including ozone bath, 1∶8 000 potassium permanganate bath and 1∶5 000 potassium permanganate bath were compared. Categorical variables were compared using chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze relationships between candidate variables and patients′ condition at discharge.Results:A total of 74 patients with pemphigus were included, including 45 (60.81%) males and 29 (39.19%) females, their age ( M[ Q1, Q3]) was 52 (41, 60) years, and the median percentage of primary skin lesion area in body surface area was 40%. There were no significant differences in hospital stays, disease duration (time from onset to admission) , gender ratio or skin lesion areas among patients receiving ozone bath (32 cases) , patients receiving 1∶8 000 potassium permanganate bath (25 cases) and those receiving 1∶5 000 potassium permanganate bath (17 cases, all P > 0.05) . These patients still received other treatments, including glucocorticoids, gamma globulin, plasma transfusion, rituximab, immunosuppressants, topical antibiotics, etc., and there was no significant difference in the proportions of patients using the above therapies among the three groups (all P > 0.05) , while the ozone bath group showed a lower proportion of patients using systemic antibiotics compared with the two potassium permanganate bath groups (both P < 0.01) . At discharge, in the ozone bath group, 1 case was improved, 21 were nearly cured, and 10 were cured; in the 1∶8 000 potassium permanganate bath group, 4 cases were improved, 13 were nearly cured, and 8 were cured; in the 1∶5 000 potassium permanganate bath group, 5 were improved, 8 were nearly cured, and 4 were cured. The proportion of well-recovered patients was significantly higher in the ozone bath group (31/32 cases) than in the potassium permanganate bath group (33/42 cases, P = 0.036) . Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that ozone bath significantly affected the patients′ condition at discharge ( P < 0.05) , and was an independent predictor of "good recovery" at discharge ( HR = 8.455, 95% CI: 1.011 - 70.672, P = 0.049) . Conclusion:Ozone bath therapy can facilitate recovery of skin lesions in patients with pemphigus.

Objective:To analyze the occurrence of and risk factors for skin and mucosal infections after primary tumor resection in patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus, and to summarize relevant nursing experience.Methods:Clinical characteristics and postoperative skin and mucosal infections were retrospectively analyzed in patients with confirmed paraneoplastic pemphigus, who underwent primary tumor resection in Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital between January 1999 and January 2021. Common infectious agents were analyzed, and infection-related risk factors were identified by logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 44 patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus were included in this study, including 25 (56.8%) males and 19 (43.2%) females, and their age were 33.8 ± 15.4 years. Postoperatively, 21 (47.73%) patients developed skin and mucosal infections, and their postoperative hospital stay (median [ Q1, Q3]) was 38 (25, 60) days, which was significantly longer than that in patients without skin and mucosal infections (21 [12, 23] days, Z = -4.08, P < 0.001) . The most common pathogen was methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (15 cases, 34.09%) . High glucocorticoid dosage per kilogram of body weight ( OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.46, P = 0.047) and receiving assisted ventilation therapy ( OR = 9.20, 95% CI: 2.01 - 42.13, P = 0.004) were independent risk factors for postoperative skin and mucosal infections. After active treatment and care, 37 (84.1%) patients recovered well at discharge. Conclusion:Skin and mucosal infections are a common postoperative complication in patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus, and the pathogens are mostly drug-resistant bacteria, which can lead to prolonged hospital stay, so attention should be paid to postoperative skin care; high postoperative glucocorticoid dosage per body weight and respiratory support may be associated with postoperative skin and mucosal infections.