Statistics shows that frequency distribution of selenium content in hair samples from children and youngsters in China is subject to a positive skewness, which is made up of three juxtaposed truncated normal frequency distribution. Its accumulative frequency distribution on a probability paper appears as a broken line with two broken points (110 and 520 ppb Se). Therefore, these two broken points might be used as classification indicatrix. Different selenium contents in hair samples are sorted out into three classes: low (0ppb). A distribution map of selenium content in hair from children and youngsters in China has been plotted.As shown in the map, areas with low content of selenium in hair are fundamentally in accordance with epidemic areas of Keshan disease and Kaschin-Beck's disease of man. These two diseases are endemic in relation to selenium deficiency in the environment. A difference of mean content of selenium in hair between endemic areas and nonendemic areas is statistically very significant. Samples of hair with high content of selenium are found in the Northwestern part of China, big cities and areas occurring selenosis in livestock and man.Geographical differentiation of selenium content in grain is the main cause concerning the geographical differentiation of selenium contnet in the hair of men.

TWO average expense control(TAEC) is the method that the hospital want to control the increasing breadth of medicine expense by limiting the total expense which include both clinic expense and hospitalize expense.TAEC will fake great help to improve the relationship of docfor and patient and to promote the hospital work.But the method of TAEC will also to be optimize further.

Objective To observe the contrast sensitivity (CS) of patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) without involving the macular region.Methods 92 BRVO patients (93 eyes) and 56 cases (112 eyes) without eye diseases (control group) were included in the study.According to different region,BRVO patients were divided into the nasal BRVO group (31 eyes) and temporal BRVO (62 eyes) group,and the average corrected visual acuity was 1.02 ± 0.13 and 0.98 ± 0.12 respectively.According to the type of ischemia,BRVO patients were divided into the nonischemic BRVO group (58 eyes) and ischemic BRVO group (35 eyes),the average corrected visual acuity was 1.01 ± 0.14 and 0.99 ± 0.12 respectively.The average corrected visual acuity of the control group was 1.03 ± 0.11.There was no statistically significant difference of the average corrected visual acuity between nasal BRVO group,temporal BRVO group and control group (F=3.03,P =0.06),and between nonischemic BRVO group,ischemic BRVO group and control group (F=1.60,P=0.20).Contrast sensitivity (CS) was measured by OPTEC 6500 vision tester (Stereo Company,USA) under the standard lighting conditions and different spatial frequencies including low (1.5 and 3.0 c/d),medium (6.0 c/d) and high frequencies (12.0 and 18.0 c/d).Results The CS under each spatial frequency of the nasal BRVO group was the same as the control group (t=4.25,9.48,3.08,5.86,0.94;P＞0.05),but the CS under each spatial frequency of the temporal BRVO group was different from the control group (t=8.59,19.11,10.38,17.28,6.01;P＜0.05).The CS under high spatial frequency of the temporal and nasal BRVO group was statistically different (t=11.42,6.95;P＜0.05).The CS under each spatial frequency of the ischemic BRVO group was different from the control group (t=8.88,10.56,11.64,19.06,6.67;P＜0.05).The CS under 6,12 and 18 c/d spatial frequency of the nonischemic BRVO group was statistically different with the control group (t =10.14,11.54,2.82;P＜0.05).The CS under 12 and 18 c/d spatial frequency of the nonischemic BRVO group was statistically different with the ischemic BRVO (t=7.52,3.84;P＜0.05).Conclusions The CS of the temporal BRVO and ischemic BRVO decreased more significantly under each spatial frequency.CS is a better indicator to evaluate the visual function than the visual acuity in BRVO without involving the macular region.

Objective To study the effects of Trichinella spiralis (T.spiralis) infection on mice with oxazolone (OXZ)-induced colitis and the possible immunologic mechanism.Methods Female BALB/c mice at age 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups (A to D).Each mouse in groups B and D was infected with T.spiralis strains.Twenty-one days after T.spiralis infection,the mice in groups A and B were treated with 50％ ethanol solution,while those in groups C and D were treated with OXZ to induce the murine model of colitis.Several parameters including survival rate,disease activity index (DAI),macroscopic damage and histological score,myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expression of cytokines (IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-10) in colonic and splenic tissues at mRNA and protein levels were measured 3 and 7 days after modeling.Results No significant differences in the survival rate,DAI score,macroscopic damage score,histological score,MPO activity were observed between mice from groups C and D (P＞0.05).Pre-exposing the mice to T.spiralis strains neither alleviated the mucosal damages nor aggravated the condition of colitis.Compared with group C,the expression of IFN-γ on the third day and the expression of IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-10 on the seventh day at mRNA and protein levels in colon and spleen tissues were significantly increased in mice treated with T.spiralis and OXZ (P＜0.05).The expression of IL-10 at transcriptional level in spleen tissues on the third day was higher than that of group C (P＜0.05).The expression of IL-4 and IL-10 at protein level in colon tissues on the third day were significantly up-regulated as compared with those of group C (P＜0.05).Conclusion The severity of OXZ-induced colitis in the murine model was neither alleviated nor aggravated by pre-exposing the mice to T.spiralis strains.High doses of IL-10 not only weakened the regulatory effects on Th2 responses,but also induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines,resulting in a new drift of Th1/Th2 without aggravating Th2 responses.Further investigation on the mechanism of T.spiralis-induced over-expression of IL-10 should be conducted,which might increase the practicability of using T.spiralis strains against OXZ-induced colitis.

Objective To explore the effect of N2O with High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) on SKVO3 through observing the influence of HIFU and N2O, separated and combined, on SKVO3. Methods The cultured SKVO3 cells were divided into 4 group: control group: without any treatment; N2O group: blowed by N2O 60 minutes; HIFU group: irradiated by HIFU (250W, 5s) and N2O-HIFU group blowed by N2O 60 minutes and irradiated by HIFU (250W, 5s). Flow cytometric method and Annexin V-FITC/PI binding assay were applied to detect cell death and apoptosis, and western blot test to detect Cytochrome C, Capase 3, Bax, Bcl-2 and GAPDH. Results The cell death and apoptosis in N2O-HIFU group were significant higher than those in other groups(P < 0.05). The results of western blot showed that in N2O-HIFU group, CytochromeC, Caspase 3 and Bax increased remarkably, but Bcl-2 significantly suppressed. Conclusion HIFU combininh with N2O could enhance the killing of SKVO3 cell.

Objective: To explore the IL\|5 values in the tissue and secretion of nasal polyp. Methods: The concentrations of IL\|5, either in tissue homogenate or in nasal secretion, were measured by ELISA. The values of total protein in tissue homogenate were measured by Bradford colorimetry. In this study, 31 cases with nasal polyp, 8 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), 11 cases with chronic sinusitis (CS) and 6 control cases were chosen. Results: ① In tissue homogenate, the IL\|5 concentrations of nasal polyp were higher than that in CS or control group (P＜0.001). ② In nasal secretion, IL\|5 values of both nasal polyp and PAR group were significantly higher than that in CS or control group (P＜0.05). ③ When all cases or only patients with nasal polyp were taken as the subjects, the Pearson correlation coefficient were 0.70, 0.66 respectively. Conclusions: IL\|5 values, both in tissue homogenate and nasal secretion, are significantly higher, which suggested that there were a close relationship between IL\|5 and nasal polyp, and IL\|5 play a key role in the formation of nasal polyp.

Objective:To explore the expression of IL-5 and its role in the formation and development ofnasal polyp. Method: 31 patients with nasal polyp, 11 patients with chronic sinusitis (CS) and 6 control cases werechosen . Their IL-5 concentration in tissue homogenate were measured by ELISA. All patients with chronic si-nusitis,control cases and 15 patients with nasal polyp were chosen to be counted eosinophils in their HE slice.Result :①The values of IL-5(pg/ml) in nasal polyp,CS and control group separately were .. 23.44± 6.68,16.41±3.09,12.86±4.17. IL-5 concentration in nasal polyp group was higher than that in the other two groups( P ＜0. 001). ②The numbers of eosinophils in nasal polyp ,CS and control group were 7.42±2.33,1.30± 0. 59,1.07±0.70 separately,the numbers of eosinophils in nasal polyp group were higher than that in CR or control group(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Nasal polyp is a disease characterized by eosinophilia, and IL-5 which activateseosinophil plays part role in the formation of nasal polyp.

Objective To approach the expression and significance of CD30 in Hodgkin lymphoma cells which were transfected with mtr Ⅱ gene. Methods The CD30 expression of Hodgkin lymphoma cells in those transfected with mtr Ⅱ gene was analysed by immunohistochemical technique respectively. Results The CD30 expression rate of Hodgkin lymphoma cells which were transfected with mtr Ⅱ gene was higher than that of Hodgkin lymphoma cells which weren't transfected with mtrⅡ gene (P ＜0.01). Conclusion The mtr Ⅱ gene may be related to the malignant transformation of Hodgkin lymphoma.

Objective:To explore the curative effect and toxic and side effects of Xihuang Capsule in the patients with advanced esophageal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy, and to clarify its mechanism.Methods:The patients with advanced esophagealcancer without treatment were selected.The patients treated with Xihuang Capsule combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy were defined as combination treatment group(n=27), and then other 27 patients were randomly selected from 87 patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone as chemoradiotherapy group.The observation time was 90 d from the begining of chemotherapy.The differences in KPS, degree of dysphagia, incidence, occurrence time and degrees of acute radiation esophagitis of the patients in two groups were compared, and local control of tumor was analyzed.Results: After treatment, the KPS scores of the pateints in two groups were decreased, and the KPS score in combined treatment group was significantly higher than that in chemoradiotherapy group (P<0.05).The grade of dysphagia of the patients in combined treatment group was lower than that in chemoradiotherapy group during the late period of treatment(P<0.05).The incidence of acute radiation esophagitis, the occurence time of acute radiation esophagitis of the patients in combination group was lower than that in chemoradiotherapy group (P<0.05);the occurrence time of acute radiation esophagitis was later than that in chemoradiotherapy group (P<0.05);but there were no significant differences in the grades of acute radiation esophagitis and tumor local control between two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Xihuang Capsule can improve the quality of life, reduce dysphagia degree and the incidence of acute radiation esophagitis,and delay the occurrence time;it can be used as an effective auxiliary treatment of advanced esophageal cancer.

Objective To explore the correlation between characteristics of surface electromyography (sEMG) from biceps brachii (BB)and triceps brachii (TB) and the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) during a passive movement of the spastic elbow in patients with hemiplegiaafter brain lesion. Methods 37 hemiplegics were assessed the elbow spasticity with MAS by a same therapist. Their sEMG of BB andTB were recorded synchronously. Results The Spearman analysis showed that the root mean square (RMS) of sEMG from BB (r=0.651),TB (r=0.912), TB+BB (r=0.905), TB-BB (r=0.903) correlated with MAS (P<0.001) when elbows were flexed, as well as elbows were extended(r=0.848, r=0.518, r=0.850, r=0.711, P<0.001). Conclusion sEMG can present the electrical activities of agonist and antagonist duringpassive movements of both elbow flexion and extension, which may help for the spasticity assessment.