砄bjective:To observe streptococcus sanguis (S.s) and Actinomycetes viscosus (A.v) in oral plaque biofilm formation.Methods:20 ml of saliva obtained from a health adult was centrifuged at 4 ℃ and 10 000 r/min for 10 min.The supernatant was disinfected in 60 ℃ water bath for 30 min.Glass coverslips in the size of 24 mm?24 mm were immersed into the saliva supernatant for 2 h to obtain biofilm.100 ?l of S.s ATCC 34 and A.v ATCC 19246 mixture cultured in TSB at the density of 10 5～6 CFU/ml was added into 20 ml of TSB,and then,the coverslips with biofilm were put into the mixture.The biofilm and bacteria were observed by scanning confocal laser microscopy at various times.Resuts:The biofilm reached the thickness of 15.4 ?m in 8 h and the clumps of the bacteria were mostly in the midle layer of the biofilm.The biofilm increased to 34.3 ?m in 16 h and became tassle like in 48 h.Conclusion: S.s and A.v may play some roles in the oral biofilm formation.

Objective: To develop a new antimicrobial sensitivity test model for oral products in vitro. Methods: An artificial biofilm mouth model for antimicrobial sensitivity test was established by modified LKB chromatography chamber. Using sodium fluoride and tea polyphenol as antimicrobial agents and Streptococcus mutans as target, various methodologies on the sensitivity tests were compared. Results: Agar diffusion, agar dilution and broth macro-dilution were more sensitive than modeling biofilms method. The modeling biofilm assay resulted in MIC values of fluoride or tea polyphenol against S. mutans 32 and 12 times higher respectively than the MIC values generated by broth macro-dilution method. Conclusion :The biofilm artificial mouth model may simulate the environment for oral products test.

Objective To explore the effect of p21Waf1/Cip1 methylation changes on the process of cellular senescence .Methods Bisulfite sequencing was used to analyze the methylation changes of p21Waf1/Cip1 in the process of cellular senescence;p21Waf1/Cip1 ex‐pression was detected by RT‐PCR and Western‐blot ;Middle‐aged 2BS cells was treated by 5‐aza‐CdR and cellular senescence was detected by MTT and SA‐β‐Gal staining .Results Bisulfite sequencing analysis of p21Waf1/Cip1 promoter showed that CpGs were methylated by 1 .25% in the young 2BS cells ,by 27 .27% in the middle‐aged 2BS cells ,while only by 0 .64% in the senescent cells . The expression of p21Waf1/Cip1 was low in the young(28 PD) 2BS cells ,it increased first(35 PD) but decreased later in the middle‐aged(42 PD) cells .In the senescent 2BS cells ,p21Waf1/Cip1 expression was further increased .5‐aza‐CdR treatment resulted in de‐creased growth rate but increasedβ‐Gal staining of middle‐aged 2BS cells .Conclusion The process of cellular senescence is regula‐ted by the status of p21Waf1/Cip1 methylation ,and p21Waf1/Cip1 demethylation accelerates cellular senescence .

Objective To investigate the effect of recurrent patella dislocation by grafting dual-bundle semitendinosus to anatomically reconstruct of medial patellofemoral ligament(MPFL)under arthroscopy.Methods From January 2006 to January 2010,29 cases(31 knees)with recurrent dislocation of the patella were performed arthroscopic surgery,including 11 males and 18 females(20 knees)with an average age of 22 years(range,16-32).The key point of surgery was reconstruction MPFL with dual-bundle free autogenous semitendinosus by using two anchors and bone groove to fixed on the patella,and using the interference screw to fixed on the femur.Adjusting the patella reset under arthroscopy.Tibial tubercle were transferred to inside in 5 cases.All patients were followed up for an average of 14 months(ranging 9-22).The imaging evaluation included congruence angle,lateral patellofemoral angle and lateral shift.The clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated with International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC),Lysholm and Tegner scores.Results The fear test was negative after operation.There was no redislocation and fracture of the patella during follow-up.The congruence angle,lateral patellofemoral angle and lateral shift were 5.65°±2.23°,3.52°±2.63° and 0.25±0.46 respectively at the final follow-up.The mean IKDC,Lysholm and Tegner scores were 93.20±5.33,93.02±6.08 and 6.58±0.87 respectively at the final follow-up.All were showed statistically significant differences compared with preoperation(P＜0.05).Conclusion It is demonstrated that there was a reliable short-term effect to treat recurrent patella dislocation by grafting dual-bundle semitendinosus to anatomically reconstruct of MPFL under arthroscopy.

BACKGROUND:Hip’s anatomy structure is complex, and the traditional two-dimensional imaging, such as X-ray film or CT scan, is susceptible to image overlap and other soft tissue. As a result, there are some limitations in the diagnosis of hip disease. The digital model is built based on reverse engineering and rapid prototyping. It is comprehensive, intuitive and accurate of the stereo configuration of the hip and the spatial relations of other parts’ anatomical structures. This study has a broad application prospect. OBJECTIVE:To reconstruct the personalized three-dimensional entity model of the hip bone with computer aided technology. METHODS: The human hips were scanned with a portable three-dimensional laser scanner, and then the point cloud data of the hips were gotten. The point cloud was processed and the three-dimensional model reconstruction was carried out by using the engineering software Geomagic and the computer aided software CimatronE. Three-dimensional print of hip was completed and the model was gotten, which was consistent with the geometry of hip bone, through the rapid prototyping machine. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A model with good geometric similarity and biomechanical characteristics was built by digital modeling method based on reverse engineering and rapid prototyping. This way of digital modeling provided the basis for digital manufacturing of artificial hip, virtual assembly, stress analysis and surgical simulation.

Objective Toinvestigatethechangesofcognitiveimpairmentandcerebralhemodynamics inpatientswithacutelacunarcerebralinfarctionwithin2weeksafteronset.Methods Nineteenpatients with lacunar cerebral infarction (a patient group)were consecutive enrolled in the study. Twenty-three sex-and age-matched inpatients without ischemic cerebrovascular disease or healthy volunteers of outpatient department over the same period were used as a control group. The cerebral hemodynamic features were evaluated with transcranial Doppler (TCD)breath-holding test and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)resting + adenosine stress imaging. Simultaneously,the neuropsychological tests were performed,the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA)was performed including executive capacity, structural capacity,memory (including auditory memory,visual memory,and logic memory ),information processing speed,and visual-spatial ability. Results (1 )There were no significant differences in the years of education,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease,and smoking between the 2 groups (all P>0. 05). Compared with the control group,there were significant differences in the MoCA score,visual memory,executive function,structural capacity,and information processing speed of the patient group (all P<0. 05). (2)19 patients completed the SPECT resting + load test (12 in the control group and 7 in the patient group). There were significant differences in the uptake ratio (UR)in the right basal ganglia (8. 91[-2. 48 - 5. 87]and -6. 21 [-10. 39 - 5. 42 respectively])and left frontal lobe UR (11. 62 [2. 93-16. 87]and 1. 04 [-10. 17- 3. 82]respectively)between the patient group and the control group (P<0. 05). (3)26 patients completed the breath-holding test + head-up tilt table test (n=13 in each group]. The vascular motor reactivities were 13 ± 5 on the left and 21 ± 7 on the right, and the breath-holding indexes were 0. 66 ± 0. 26 on the left and 1. 0 ± 0. 4 on the right in the patient group;the vascular motor reactivities were 24 ± 11 on the left and 30 ± 9 on the right,and the breath-holding indexes were 1. 21 ± 0. 57 on the left and 1. 5 ± 0. 4 on the right in the control group. There were significant differencesbetweenthe2groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Attheearlystageoflacunarinfarction,the patients have presented varying degrees of cognitive impairment and the changes of cerebral hemodynamics.

Aim To study the effects of pyrin recombi-nant protein ( PRP ) on VEGF/VEGFR2/ MMP-9 sig-naling pathway in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibro-sis of rats. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were ran-domly divided into groups of control ( n=10 ) , model ( n=20 ) , PRP ( n=20 ) , and SU5416 ( n=10 ) . All the rats, except for those in control group, were estab-lished as the model of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis by perfusion of bleomycin (5 mg·kg-1 ) through tracheal intubation. From the second day after modeling, all rats were intragastrically administered with drugs or sa-line, according to different groups designed. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th and 28th day, and lung samples were taken out. The pathological changes of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis were observed by HE staining and Masson staining to evaluate the degree of alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis. Expressions of VEGF, VEGFR2, MMP-9 protein and mRNA were de-tected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results On the 14th and 28th day, the alveolitis, pulmonary fibrosis, expression of VEGF, VEGFR2, MMP-9 and mRNA increased significantly in the model group com-pared with in the control group ( P <0. 05 ) , and de-creased significantly in PRP group than those in the model group ( P <0. 05 ) . Conclusion PRP plays a role of anti-pulmonary fibrosis via the down-regulation of VEGF/VEGFR2/MMP-9 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of V-Y advanced flap pedicled with perforator of peroneal artery at posterior lateral malleolus for small skin defect on children heel.

METHODSFrom Mar. 2012 to Jan. 2014, 9 children with small skin defects on heel were treated with adjacent V-Y advanced flap pedicled with perforator of peroneal artery at posterior lateral malleolus. The flaps were 8.0 cm x 4.0 cm to 9.0 cm x 4.5 cm in size and the wounds at donor sits were directly closed.

RESULTSAll flaps survived completely with primary healing. 9 cases were followed up for 6-12 months( average, 9 months). The flaps had good match with surrounding tissue in texture and color. The function of ankle was normal. All the parents were satisfied with functional and cosmetic results.

CONCLUSIONSIt is a safe and practical method for treatment of small skin defect on children heel with adjacent V-Y advanced flap pedicled with perforator of peroneal artery at posterior lateral malleolus.

Ankle ; Child ; Fibula ; Heel ; injuries ; Humans ; Perforator Flap ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skin ; injuries ; Skin Transplantation ; Tibial Arteries ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo summarize the therapeutic effect of free perforator hypothenar flap for thumb pulp defect.

METHODSFrom Jun. 2012 to Mar. 2013,8 cases with thumb pulp defect accompanied with exposure of phalanges ans tendons were treated by free ipsilateral perforator hypothenar flap. The flaps were 1.4 cm x 2.0 cm-1.8 cm x 2.2 cm in size. Ulnar finger artery in the flap was anastomosed with thumb artery. The accompanied veins and superficial veins were respectively anastomosed with thumb dorsal veins. Nerve branches in flaps were sutured with unilateral finger nerve to reconstruct flap feeling with 9-0 thread. Wounds in the hypothenar donor site were sutured directly.

RESULTSAll the flaps survived completely with primary healing both in donor and recipient area. 8 cases (8 fingers) were followed up for 6-13 months (average 9 months). The flaps appearance, texture were good. The two-point discrimination distance on flap was 7-10 mm. The active and passive movement of thumb joints was normal. There was no complain about the feeling at the donor site. Linear scar was left on the donor site. Patients hand grip strength was not decreased.

CONCLUSIONSThe free perforator hypothenar flap which has constant vascular anatomy is a new method for thumb soft tissue defect with less morbidity to donor site. The operative procedures are relatively simple.

Cicatrix ; etiology ; Finger Phalanges ; Fingers ; blood supply ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Tendons ; Thumb ; injuries ; Ulnar Artery ; surgery ; Veins ; Wound Healing

Objective:To study the different Ku80 mRNA expression in normal lung tissue group, lung cancer group(non small cell lung cancer) without chemotherapy, lung cancer group with multiple chemotherapy(n≥2),to evaluate the relationship of tumor drug resistance with Ku80 mRNA expression in human lung cancer.Methods:The lung tissue gene level of Ku80 mRNA was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in 25 normal lung tissues, 51 lung cancer tissue,taking ?-actin as inner reference.The data were analyzed by SPSS software.Results:Ku80 mRNA expression in normal lung tissue compared to lung cancer group without chemotherapy, lung cancer group with multiple chemotherapy(n≥2) had statistic significant meaning,respectively P