Objective To observe the clinical features of late-onset cone dystrophy (LOCD).Methods Eleven patients (15 eyes) of LOCD were enrolled in this study.The patients included 7 males and 4 females.The age was ranged from 50 to 79 years,with a mean age of 60.2 years.There was no obvious photophobia and hemeralopia.The visual acuity was less than or equal to 0.05 in 4 eyes,0.06-0.2 in 5 eyes,0.3-1.0 in 6 eyes.Visual acuity,slit lamp microscope,indirect ophthalmoscopy,flash electroretinogram (FERG) and multifocal electroretinograms (mfERG) were examined for all patients,fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) for 11 eyes,optical coherence tomography (OCT) and chromoptometry for 6 eyes.Results There were 6 eyes with red/green color blindness,2 eyes with color weakness.Normal fundus was found in 11 eyes,while derangement of macular pigment epithelial in 4 eyes.FFA results showed that there were 5 eyes with normal fundus,4 eyes with blocked fluorescent spots,2 eyes with oval macular atrophy.FERG results showed that in cone response,the amplitude was lower in 6 eyes (including mild decrease in 4 eyes,moderate decrease in 1 eye and severe decrease in 1 eye) ; both in cone and rod response,the amplitude were lower in 9 eyes.mfERG results showed that central part of the cone (less than 7 degree from the center) was damaged in 5 eyes,both central and peripheral part (outside of 7 degree) of the cone were damaged in 10 eyes.OCT results showed that pigment derangement in 3 eyes,fovea was normal in 8 eyes,thinned in 5 eyes (foveal thickness was 83-111 μm).Conclusions The fundus manifestations of LOCD patients are variable,from normal fundus to oval macular atrophy.FERG is abnormal,which mainly in cone response at early stage and both in cone and rod response at late stage.Central part and (or) peripheral part of the cone are abnormal by mfERG.

Forty human fetuses ranging from C-R length 72 mm (which corresponds to a developmental stage of the second week in the third month of the embryo) to fullterm were used to investigate the nutrient arteries of the femora using the dissection method and roentgenography. In comparison with adults, there are apparently more (P

Objective To evaluate the effect of clinic-pathological variables on prognosis and recurrence of the aged women suffered from borderline epithelial ovarian tumors. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 102 cases were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to assess independent prognosis and recurrence factors.Results The postoperative accessory treatment, peritoneal implantation and lymph nodes metastasis could influence the 5-year survival rate(χ2=19.311, 11.054, 18. 559, all P＜0.01). The surgery procedure, peritoneal implantation, lymph nodes metastasis and microinvasion could influence the recurrence rate(χ2=23.606, 23.583, 25.774, 23.583, all P＜0.01). The logistic regression model showed that the postoperative accessory treatment and peritoneal implantation were the two independent prognosis factors (OR=0.060, 35.319, all P＜0.01). The surgery procedure,peritoneal implantation and microinvasion were the three independent factors affecting recurrence(OR =0.001, P＜0.05;OR=60.952, P＜0.05;OR=88.874, P＜0.01). Conclusions The early standard treatment on borderline epithelial ovarian tumors of the aged women have an excellent prognosis, the risk of recurrence remains in some patients. We emphasize that these patients with highrisk factors should be main surveillance population.

Objective To establish a method for detecting Aspergillus spp.by Loop-mediated isothermal amplification.Methods Aspergillus spp.specific primers were designed from the relative conservation region of the published sequence of 28S rRNA genes of A.fumigatus (GenBank accession number AY660917),A.terreus (GenBank accession number AF454183),A.flavus (GenBank accession number AF454158),and A.niger (GenBank accession number AF454169).Genomic DNA were extracted from Aspergillus standard strains,clinical control strains and clinical samples,and amplified by LAMP.The amplified results could be read with the naked eye by the coloring effect of fluorescent nucleotide dye without the DNA electrophoresis.Approximately 103 each Aspergillus conidia suspension was added to the serum from healthy volunteers,and detected these simulative clinical samples bv LAMP assay.Results The LAMP and PCR assays obtained positive results for all four Aspergillus species and 8 simulative clinical samples (double samples for each Aspergillus species) including 103 conidia,but negative in the remaining 15 non-Aspergillus species,human total blood genomic DNA,30 clinical serum samples infected with non-Aspergillus and 10 healthy volunteers.The LAMP assay had a minimum detection of 0.05-0.5pg,by means of detect different levels of 500,50,5,0.5,0.05 pg template in each reaction tube.Conclusion The results confirm that LAMP is a simple,rapid,sensitive and specific method,and can be used for detection of Aspergillus strains in clinical and environmental specimens.

Objective To study the protective effects of mild hypothermia on cerebral and levels of serum levels of anti -brain antibodies after severe traumatic brain injury.Methods Severe traumatic brain injury were selected as the Ⅰ group (n=60),also select healthy as the Ⅱgroup (n=30),the Ⅰgroup was divided into group A (n=30)and group B (n=30)according to a random number table.The patients of group A was given hypothermia and the patients of group B were treated with temperature treatment,the levels of anti-brain antibodies in serum of each group were determined in ELISA assay,changes in cerebral blood flow before and after treatment of group A and group B were observed in Doppler,and observed Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS )of group A and group B.Results The level of anti-brain antibodies in serum of theⅠgroup was (0.59 ±0.02)U/mL significantly higher than that ofⅡ group (0.38 ±0.01)U/mL,the difference was statistically significant(t=9.192,P=0.029);the level of anti-brain antibodies in serum after treatment of group A was (1.58 ±0.03)U/ml significantly lower than that of group B (1.82 ±0.04)U/mL,the difference was statistically significant(t=10.042,P=0.019);the average flow velocity, pulse index and GCS score after treatment of group A were (54.20 ±0.23)cm/s,(0.51 ±0.02),(10.03 ±1.03) points significantly better than those of group B[(40.03 ±0.04)cm/s,(0.72 ±0.02),(8.12 ±0.02)points],the difference was statistically significant (t=9.892,10.041,9.189,P=0.021,0.018,0.026).Conclusion The lev-els of anti-brain antibodies in serum can significantly increase after severe traumatic brain injury,Hypothermia can reduce the serum levels of anti-brain antibodies,can increase cerebral blood flow.

Objective To analyze endoscopic histological characters and establish diagnostic standards of colorectal polyps with confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) examination and to explore the diagnostic value of the CLE in adenomatous polyps and non-adenomatous polyps. Methods From June to December in 2009, 90 patients were recruited in this study, which included 40 pathologically confirmed colorectal polyps patients (total 48 colon and rectal polyps) and 50 patients for prospective study (total 106 colon rectal polyps). At same time 10 spots of normal mucosa was taken for comparison. Firstly the CLE images of 48 pathologically confirmed colorectal polyps (22 adenomatous polyps and 26 non-adenomatous polyps) were analyzed, and the diagnosis criteria for distinguishing adenomatous polyps and non-adenomatous polyps was established with CLE. Then according to the criteria, 106 colorectal polyps underwent prospective diagnosis with CLE. Finally, the CLE diagnosis result was compared with pathologically result to evaluate the diagnosis efficiency of CLE. Results In the 48 colorectal polyps of 40 pathologically confirmed colorectal polyps patients, there were 22 adenomatous polyps and 26 non-adenomatous polyps. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CLE in adenomatous polyps diagnosis were 94. 0%, 92. 9%, and 93. 4%, respectively. The positive predictive value was 92.2% and the negative predictive value was 94.5%. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CLE in non-adenomatous polyps diagnosis were 92. 9%, 94.0%, and 93. 4%respectively, the positive predictive value was 94.5% and the negative predictive value was 92.2%.The coherence of CLE and histopathology in adenomatous polyps diagnosis was pretty good (Kappa=0. 893). Conclusion The accuracy of CLE in adenomatous polyps and non-adenomatous polyps differential diagnosis was high, and the coherence with histopathology diagnosis was good, which provided experience for further detection of early rectal precancerous.

Objective To establish diagnostic standards of colorectal tubular adenocarcinoma with confocal laser endomicroscopy(CLE), and to evaluate its diagnostic value in vivo.Methods The confocal images of 12 cases, which were pathologically confirmed colorectal tubular adenocarcinoma(4 well differentiated, 4 moderately differentiated and 4 poorly differentiated), were collected and analyzed to establish diagnostic standards of the disease with CLE.Then 49 lesions were prospectively evaluated based on CLE standards,which were compared to histopathology results.Results The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value(PV +)and negative predictive value(PV -)of CLE in diagnosing tubular adenocarcinoma were 94.7%, 90.9%, 93.9%, 100% and 76.9%, respectively.The corresponding data of well differentiated adenocarcinoma were 100%, 83.3%, 88.9%, 85.7% and 87.0%, those of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma were 86.7%, 90.5%, 86.1%, 86.7% and 90.5%, and those of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma were 77.8%, 92.6%, 88.9%, 100% and 86.2%.Conclusion CLE is able to diagnose and grade colorectal tubular adenocarcinoma.

Objective To analyze the association of gastrointestinal symptoms and sleep disturbance after Wen-Chuan earthquake. *Methods Using random sampling method, compared with Beijing publics at the same time, within two weeks, questionnaire was performed in the disaster area population.Gastrointestinal symptoms were diagnosed according to the Rome Ⅲ standard, and were analyzed in relation to sleep investigation. Results Among 956 disaster area individuals, 459 (48.0%) have gastrointestinal symptoms. Among 1021 Beijing publics, the corresponding number was 78(7. 6% ) ,which was significantly lower. The main gastrointestinal symptoms included abdominal pain ( 14. 0% ), distension ( 12. 1% ),constipation ( 10. 3 % ), heartburn (8. 6% )and dysporia (8. 3% ). Compared with Beijing publics (24. 4% ),the disaster area publics ( 83.7% ) with gastrointestinal symptoms had significant differences in sleep disturbance (P ＜0. 05 ). Early awakening with acratia had significant differences in disaster area publics (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion There was relatively high incidence of gastrointestinal symptom after Wen-Chuan earthquake. The incidence of gastrointestinal symptom was related to sleep disturbance, and gastrointestinal symptoms were related to early awakening with acratia.

The leucoanthocyantin reducase (LAR) gene, an important functional gene of catechins biosynthesis pathway, was cloned from Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara by degenerate PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA of FdLAR is 1 581 bp (GenBank accession: JN793953), containing a 1 176 bp ORF encoding a 391 amino acids protein, and its 3'-untranslated region has an obvious polyadenylation signal. The recombinant plasmid containing FdLAR completed ORF was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3). The target fusion peptide with molecular weight of 66 kD was expressed under the condition of 16 degrees C and induced by IPTG at final concentration of 1.0 mmol x L(-1). Bioinformation analysis indicated that the amino acid sequence of FdLAR showed great homology to other LAR with the NADB-Rossmann conversed domain in the N-terminus. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of FdLAR gene during different development periods. The determination of flavonoids contents in appropriate rhizomes showed that the relationship between FdLAR gene expression and the accumulation of flavonoids displayed different trends during vegetative growth and reproductive growth stages, suggesting that the FdLAR gene may be involved in the pathway of flavonoid metabolisms in Fagopyrum dibotrys.

The atrio-ventricular valves of the normal heart of 100 Chinese adult cadavers were studied. The right atrio-ventricular (tricuspid) valve was found to be composed of four main cusps in 80% of the cases,three main cusps in 19%,and two main cusps in 1%.In certain cases,small additional intermediate cusps had been found.They were derived from the main cusps and situated in the angles between the medial and anterior wall, or between the medial and posterior wall of the right ventricle.These may be called “cuspi accessoria”.The anterior accessory cusp was present in 31% and the posterior accessory cusp in 27% of our preparations.If the total number of the main and acces- sory cusps of the right a—v valve was considered,four cusps occurred in 42%,five in 36%,three in 13%,six in 8% and two in 1%. The left atrio-ventricular (mitral) valve consisted of two main cusps.But frequent- ly there were conspicuous ruptures on the posterior cusp in our specimens,with the ex- ception of twelve cases (12%).Thus,the posterior cusp may be consisted of one greater leaflet and one to four smaller leaflets.Based on this character,the posterior cusp of the left a—v valve may be grouped into three types:(1)the middle portion of the posterior cusp was well developed in 48%;(2)the antero-lateral portion was well developed in 35%;and (3) the postero-medial portion was well developed in 17%. The anterior cusp of the left a—v valve separated into two equal parts had been found in one case (1%). The height of the cusps and of the commissural margins,where the neighboring cusps were joined,had been measured.Discussions have been made on the principles of the differentiation between the main cusp and the accessory cusp.