0.05), whereas the value of new bone grafted with pDBM was significantly lower than that of the normal group (P0.05); but the CUS of the pDBM grafted group was significantly lower than that of normal radius (P0.05). Histological analysis exhibited that most of the DBM was absorbed and substituted by matured new cortical bone in the treated defects of both groups 6 weeks postoperatively, whereas in the untreated group, the defects were only filled with fibrous connective tissue in their mid-portion. Conclusion The sDBM and pDBM are both effective in repairing segmental bone defects. The properties of new bone induced by grafts with sDBM are superior to that of pDBM in biomechanics. These materials can be used in clinical practice as bone graft extenders or enhancers.

10 beats/min) to be with frequent monomorphic ventricular ectopic beats originating in the right outflow tract. Using activation-mapping for the earliest endocardial activation of spontaneous monomorphic ventricular ectopic beats, the site was ablated by RFCA.Results The immediate successful rate was 100% (28/28). Holter monitoring before and after ablation found monomorphic ventricular ectopic beats:15.836-32.419 beats/24 h vs 0-1.236 beats/24 h.Following-up of 6-24 months found all the 28 patients living in normal state.No complication occurred.Conclusion RFCA of frequent monomorphic ventricular ectopic beats originating in the right outflow tract is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the value and security of the use of medical thoracoscopy in the diagnosis of elderly patients with un‐known pleural effusion and to analyze the finally pathological results .Methods STORZ medical thoracoscopy was used to retrospectively study the 68 patients with unknown pleural effusion .Multiple punch biopsy was taken in the questionable diseased regions under direct vi‐sion .The changes of patients′condition in intraoperative and postoperative ,and the causes of pleural effusion were observed .Results Sixty‐three cases were confirmed in 68 cases of patients with unexplained pleural effusion ,the diagnostic rate was 92 .6% .In all cases ,26 cases (38 .2% ) were tuberculosis ,31 cases (45 .6% ) were malignant tumor ,3 cases (4 .4% ) were chronic pus chest and Aspergillus infection in 1 case(1 .5% ) ,a large number of aspergillus hyphae were found in biopsy tissue .Non‐specific inflammatory changed in 7 cases (10 .3% ) ,in which 2 patients were eventually diagnosed with pleural effusion caused by pulmonary schistosomiasis ,and the rest cases were still un‐known .All cases had no serious complications .Conclusion Medical thoracoscopy have a good effect in diagnosing elderly patients with un‐explained pleural effusion ,which could be easily and safely performed .The primary cause of unexplained pleural effusion in elder patients may be malignant tumor ,followed by tuberculosis .

BACKGROUND:Because human cells for culturing alveolar bone cell line are from alveolar bone, which is in oral cavity,and easily polluted, so laboratory study is often unsuccessful. Because the samples are from adults, so cell division index and the successful rate of culture are low.OBJECTIVE: To compare the biological characteristics of survived cell line established through passage,cryopreservation and revitalization following in vitro culturing the alveolar bone tissue obtained from normal persons and patients with chronic periodontitis accompanied with osteoporosis in aseptic operation; To compare the biological characteristics of two kinds of cells so as to provide theoretical and related experimental evidence for defect, repair and treatment of alveolar bone.DESIGN: Controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University; Institute of Orthopaedics,General Hospital of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Alveolar bone tissue obtained from normal persons and patients with chronic periodontitis confirmed in clinic was used in aseptic operation.METHODS: Alveolar bone tissue from normal persons and chronic periodontitis accompanied with osteoporosis were cultured in vitro. In the four cell lines (H-171, H-258, 261, 262) cultured primarily, cell lines H-171 and H-258 were chosen from periodonitis patients group and normal group respectively, and stained with histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. Cell morphology was observed. Doubling time and division index of two kinds of cells were calculated with cytometry. After several circles of passage, cryopreservation and revitalization, growth and aging rule of cells were compared.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Passage and biological characteristics of two groups of cell lines.RESULTS: ①In the abnormal alveolar bone group, there was one successful primary culture and cells presented short-spindle shape. There were 3 times of cryopreservation and 3 times of revitalization. Its doubling time was 53.4 hours. The average division index was about 4‰. Cells well grew after 20 times of passages. ②In the normal alveolar bone group, there were 26 cases of cell lines cultured primarily, but passage was found in only 3 cases of cell lines due to various causes. There were 10 passages and the cells presented long-spindle shape. After two circles of cryopreservation and revitalization, the survival and growth rate of cells were inferior as compared with cell line H-171.Doubling time was 65.9 hours and the average division index was 3.5‰. ③Both two kinds of cells adhered the wall, with the characteristics of osteoblasts: AKP, toluidine blue, PAS, tetracycline-labeled mineralized nodus, type Ⅰ collagen and BMP-2 immunohistochemical staining all presented positive.CONCLUSION: Both two kinds of cultured cells have the characteristics of osteoblasts. The growth speed of cell line H-171 is faster than that of cell line H-258. No obvious mutation is found in 20 passages. In the 8th generation of H-258,aging appears and growth speed becomes slow.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Enalapril on hemodynamic indexes in cardiac shock dogs induced by acute right ventricular myocardial infarction(RVMI).Methods Models of RVMI accompanied with cardiac shock were induced by ligating coronary artery.Dogs were randomly divided into three groups:control group,fluid replacement group and Enalapril group.The hemodynamie indexes including mean arterial pressure(MAP),cardiac output (CO),right atrial pressure(RAP)and right ventrieular systolic pressure(RVSP)were measured before and immediately after RVMI model establishment,and 1 hour and 1 week after the treatment.The therapeutic effects were evaluated. Results After rapid fluid replacement treatment,RAP became higher and the hemodynamics deteriorated.After Enalapril treatment,RAP decreased and CO increased.Conclusion When RVMI in large area occurs,fluid replacement would further deteriorate the heart function of left and right ventricles when RAP≥13 mmHg,and Enulapril fluid replacement would reduce the right ventricle load and improve shock.

BACKGROUND: Elimination of antigenic substances from natural extracellular matrix with the integrity of the tissue structure retained renders the matrix to possess better biocompatibility and provides a cell culture environment close to conditions of the internal environment. Such materials are the primary choice for cell culture scaffold in tissue engineering.OBJECTIVE: To prepare human articular cartilage acellular matrix so as to provide a methodological basis for further study of articular cartilage acellular matrix as cell scaffold materials.DESIGN: A single sample study of bone tissues.SETTING: The experiment was performed in Institute of Orthopedics, General Hospital of PLA, between January and May in 2004. The specimens were obtained from patients requiring joint replacement for femoral neck fracture.MATERIAIS: The experiment was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of PLA from January to May in 2004. Human articular cartilage specimens were obtained from the femoral head of patients with total hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture.METHODS: Totally 10 specimens of fresh articular cartilage(3.5 mm × 4. 5 mm × 2.0 mm) were obtained and freeze-dried for 12 hours. Cartilage acellular matrix was prepared using Triton X-100, Dnase and Rnase and identified by means of hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and safranine O staining and immunohistochemical staining for cartilage proteoglycan.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Histological observation of the articular cartilage acellular matrix and immunohistochemical staining of cartilage proteoglycan.RESULTS: HE and safranine O staining both showed no cellular structure in the matrix with only recesses left by the removed cells. Immunohistochemical staining for cartilage proteoglycan yielded positive results, suggesting the presence of cartilage proteoglycan in the acellular matrix.CONCLUSION: Human articular cartilage acellular matrix can be prepared using the modified four-step procedures with detergent and enzymatic extraction with lyophilization, and the preserved cartilage proteoglycan in the material may retain good pressure resistance.

Objective To study the cooperative method of goat's cruciate ligament reconstruction by bone-tendon autograft with interference fixation. Methods A customized reamer was used to make the bottleneck-like femoral tunnel, and the patellar tendon-tibial tuberosity autograft was harvested. Make sufficient preparation for this operation. Results The operation was successful, the laboratory animals all survived without any postoperative infection. Conclusion Scientific and careful operative-cooperation can guarantee the successful operation.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of electrolyzed oxidizing water(EOW) on the surface sterilization of indoor environment.METHODS Sterilized the surface of ground,wall,table,mob and thermostat-controlled water-bath in cell culture room and good laboratory practice(GLP) with EOW,then to draw the materials and culture with culture dish for 48 h in a 37℃ incubator,and count the colony number.Sterilization method and grouping: group A treated as a control,group B sterilized with EOW,group C sterilized with ultraviolate ray for 30 min and group D first treated with ultraviolate ray for 30 min,then sterilized with EOW.RESULTS In group A,the bacteria were overgrew and formed flakiness in 10/10 culture dishes;1 colony was formed in group B,the sterilization effective rate was 90%.The bacteria culture of group C found no bacteria growing after sterilization with ultraviolate ray,however,sample from surface and culture after sterilization were seen bacteria,though the number of bacteria was less than group A.The bacteria culture outcome of group D was negative.CONCLUSIONS The EOW has a good sterilization effect,it is safe and untoxic,costly cheap and convenient to use,and fit to claim of environmental protection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biological characteristics of cell lines of healthy and diseased human dental alveoli.

METHODSPrimary cell lines from either healthy or diseased human dental alveoli were obtained. Two cell lines, H-258 and H-171 derived from healthy and diseased human tissues respectively, were selected for morphological study and research on their growth and aging, using cell counting, and histochemical and immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSPrimary cell lines were successfully established from innormal dental alveoli. After freezing and thawing for three times, cell growth was continued and no morphological alterations were observed. The doubling time was 53.4 hours and mean division index (MDI) was 4 per thousand. Cells were kept normal after twenty generations with no obvious reduction of doubling time and MDI. Of twenty-six primary cell lines derived from healthy human dental alveoli, only three cell lines achieved generation. After freezing and thawing for twice, cultured cells were still alive at a decreased growth speed, with doubling time of 85.9 hours and MDI of 3 per thousand. Both cell lines, H-171 and H-258, shared the characteristics of osteoblast.

CONCLUSIONSPrimary cell lines of diseased human dental alveoli show greater growth potential. All cell lines of dental alveoli share characteristics of osteoblast. The technique we developed may be put into practice for the treatment of abnormal dental alveoli.