Objective To understand the current status of the serum lipids in the young and middle aged policemen,and to compare the detection rates of hypertension and hyperglycemia among individuals with different lipid levels.Methods Total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and triglyceride(TG)were detected in 1 980 of the young and middle aged policemen by standard methods.Lipid levels and phenotypes of dyslipidemia were classified according to the'Recommended guidelines for prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia'of China(1997).Hypertension and hyperglycemia were defined according to the WHO's standard respectively.The relationship of dyslipidemia with hypertension and hyperglycemia were studied furthermore.Results There were 47.1% of the subjects whose TG and TC levels were in the optimal levels.The detection rates of hypertension and hyperglycemia were 8.4% and 3.6% respectively.The average levels of TC and TG in male aged 31 years old and over were beyond the optimal levels.The levels of fasting blood glucose and blood pressure of those with dyslipidemia were higher than of the normal individuals generally.The detection rates of hyperglycemia and hypertension in subjects with normal serum lipids were 1.5% and 4.2%,in subjects with hypertriglyceridemia were 6.5% and 8.8%,in hypercholesterolemia subjects were 1.7% and 16.1%,and in those subjects with mixed dyslipidemia were 4.7% and 18.7% respectively.Conclusion There was a trend of high prevalence of dyslipidemia,hypertension and hyperglycemia in young policemen.

Objective To evaluate the association of the 5'-end dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms of the aldose reductase gene and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by means of meta analysis. Methods Genetic association studies evaluating the 5'-end dinucleotide repeat polymorphism of the aldose reductase gene and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients involving Chinese population published before April 2007 were collected from database of PubMed, EMBASE, and CNKI. All the literatures were abstracted based on the defined selection criteria by two independent investigators. Publication bias was tested by funnel plot and the odd ratios of all studies were combined depending on the result of heterogeneity test among the individual studies. The software Review Manager (version 4.2) was used for meta analysis. Results Eight studies involving 5'-end dinucleotide repeat polymorphism of the aldose reductase gene and susceptibility of diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus met the selection criteria. There was no significant publication bias in selected studies. Heterogeneity test showed that there were significant statistic differences among the individual studies about the frequencies of Z-2 (χ2=18.20, P= 0.01) and Z + 2 (χ2 = 35.30, P < 0.01) allele in different groups. The combined OR of susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in patients with Z-2 allele was 1.72 (95% CI 1.25-2.36, P < 0.01) and those of Z + 2 and Z + 6 were 0.73 (95% CI 0.47-1.12, P =0.15) and 0.66 (95%C10.45-0.98, P = 0.04) respectively. Conclusion The 5'-end dinucleotide repeat polymorphism of the aldose reductase gene was associated with the susceptibility of diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Z -2 allele is a genetic risk factor for diabetic nephropathy, while the Z + 6 allele has protective function for kidney mierovessels.

OBJECTIVE To give an overview of our hospital′s actual infection situation and provide scientific data for nosocomial infection management.METHODS With a cross-sectional study,the infection rate was investigated.RESULTS The infection rate was 2.39%,and the most common infection site was lower respiratory tract(50.00%);the department of neurosurgory was with the highest infection rate;the risk factors for NI included: respiratory ventilator,tracheotomy,blood vessel catheter and indwelling catheter.CONCLUSIONS The departments with the higher infection rate should be given enhancing surveillance.Cleaning and antisepsis of environment,procedures of aseptico skills,compliance of washing hands and antibiotics management should be strengthened.

Objective To observe the poet-operative clinical inpact on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia surgery by Loop elcctrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP),gelatin paste to improve the healing of the Cut,prevent the post-operative bleeding,and find out effective methods of preventing LEEP complications.Methods 100 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia underwent LEEP in clinic.Divide them into two groups randomly,60 patients were adopted gelatin paste post-LEEP ag the cure group.while 40 patients were adopted as control group.Observation Vaginal bleeding,infection and cervical rear in short-term.Results In 60 patients of cure group,never patients with vaginal bleeding,infection and the cut healing in the short time.In 40 patients of control group,three patients with vaginal bleeding,two patients with infection,and three patients with bad healing.The different between two group with vaginal bleeding,infection and the cut healing time was significant(P＜0.05).Condusion gelatin paste can reduce bleeding.infection and cervical repair bad cmpllcations after cervical intraepithelial neoplasia surgery by LEEP.

To discuss the relationship between dietary glycemic load (GL) and blood glucose and lipid,201 patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 126 subjects with normal glucose tolerance were enrolled,who were all above 40 years old and permanently lived in communities of Guangzhou.GL,blood glucose and lipid were assessed based on 3-d dietary records.The results showed that the level of dietary glycemic load in diabetic patients was significantly higher than control group (169.61 ± 44.83 vs 157.50 ± 38.47,P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that dietary GL was positively correlated with body mass index and HbA1C,and negatively correlated with HDL-C in diabetic patients (all P＜0.05).Adjusted for age and sex by multiple regression,the result was the same.Therefore,dietary with high level of GL may be associated with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes,and is closely related to glucose control and blood lipid metabolism suggesting the necessity to control the level of dietary GL in the nutritional therapy for diabetic patients.

AIM: To investigate the expression of survivin in pancreas in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. METHODS: Low dose of streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes mellitus in BALB/c mice. Body weight and blood glucose concentrations were examined at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the streptozotocin injection. Expression of survivin mRNA was detected by real-time FQ-PCR. RESULTS: Survivin was expressed in the pancreas of normal BALB/c mice. Low dose of streptozotocin provoked hyperglycaemia with increased survivin expression in the pancreas, but blood glucose concentration and expression of survivin was not significantly changed in control group. CONCLUSION: Survivin is expressed in the pancreas of normal BALB/c mice. Streptozotocin increases survivin expression in the pancreas, which may be related with islets regeneration.

AIM: To compare the effects of three different cell culture protocols: embryonic body(EB) formation,EB formation-monolayer and monolayer on differentiation of mouse embryonic stem(ES) cells into insulin-secreting cells.METHODS: E14.1 mouse ES cells were treated with GLP-1,betacellulin,activin A,bFGF and nicotinamide by using EB formation,EB formation-monolayer and monolayer culture protocol respectively for 30 days,then insulin expression was examined by RT-PCR,DTZ-staining and immunohistochemistry.The percentage of insulin-secreting cells was evaluated by flow cytometry.RESULTS: DTZ-staining positive cells and insulin immunohistochemical staining positive cells were observed in the differentiated cells for all the three groups.mRNAs of insulin and some other islet-related genes were detected,insulin expression was the strongest in EB formation-monolayer,and the weakest was in monolayer.The percentage of insulin-positive cells of the differentiated cells in the EB formation-monolayer group was higher than that in the EB formation group(P

Objective Plasma renin concentration (PRC) offers advantages in processing and standardization as compared with plasma renin activity (PRA). The aim of the study is to compare the sensitivity and specificity of plasma aldosterone concentration ( PAC)/PRA (ARR) and PAC/PRC (AARR) in screening primary aldosteronism ( PA ) in hypertensive patients and to observe the influence of different postures on PRC and AARR. Method ( 1 ) PAC and PRC in the supine position and after 1-hour and 2-hour upright posture were determined in 28 patients with PA and 51 patients with essential hypertension. The diagnostic efficacies during different postures were compared according to the ROC curve analysis. (2) 31 patients with PA, 242 patients with essential hypertension, and 145 normotensitive subjects were recruited in the study. The diagnostic efficacy of AARR in screening PA from hypertensive patients was evaluate. PAC, PRA, and PRC were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results ( 1 ) The AUC of AARR in the supine position, 1-hour and 2-hour upright posture were0.950 (95% CI0.906-0.994, P<0. 01), 0.979 (95% CI0.956-1.000, P<0.01) and 0.917 (95% CI 0. 856-0. 979, P<0. 01 ) respectively. AARR of 1 -hour upright yielded the highest screening efficiency. ( 2 ) The correlation coefficient index of Log-PRA and Log-PRC was 0. 705 ( P< 0. 01, n = 418 ), whereas the correlation coefficient index of Log-ARR and Log-AARR was 0.705 (P<0.01, n=418). The AUC of ARR and AARR were 0.998 (95% CI0. 981-1. 000, P<0.01 ) and 0.957 (95% CI0. 929-0.985, P<0.01 ) respectively according to the ROC curve. The optimal cutoff of AARR during upright 1 hour was 42.36 ng · dl-1/ng ·dl-1 ( sensitivity 87.10%, specificity 93.75% ). Conclusion The screening efficacy of AARR in screening PA in hypertensive patients was comparable with ARR. AARR measured after keeping upright 1 hour yielded the highest screening efficiency. The optimal cutoff of AARR was 42.36 ng · dl-1/ng ·dl-1.

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, angiotensin Ⅱ plays an important role in onset of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, the nuclear factor-κB may have adjustive effects on angiotonin system of kidney tissue of diabetic rats. OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship of activity of inhibitive nuclear factor-κB with angiotensin Ⅱ and its type 1 receptor mRNA expression of renal tissue of diabetic rats. DESIGN: Completely randomized group design, control experiment. MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Animal Center, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences between March and April 2000. Fifty-one pure breed clean grade male Wistar rats were select ed. METHODS: ①Models were established in 39 rats. Streptozotocin dissolv ing in citric acid buffer (0.1 mmol/L,pH=4.5) were given to establish dia betic models with 60 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection. If the fasting blood glucose maintained above 13.9 mmol/L, the establishment of models was successful. The thirty-nine rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: model group (n=17, without other interventional measure, feeding normally) and pyrrolidine dithiocar2. Bamate (PDTC) (active inhibitor of nuclear fac tor-κB) interventional group [n=22, PDTC at the dose of 20 mg/kg were given with intraperitoneal injection, twice a day]. Other 12 rats were as normal control group, did not make into diabetic models with normal breeding. ②After feeding for 18 weeks kidneys were got in every group. The activity of nuclear factor-κB was detected with electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The expression of type 1 receptor mRNA of angiotensin Ⅱ was measured with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Contents of angiotonin Ⅰ and angiotensin Ⅱ were tested with Radio Im munoassay (RIA). Activity of rennin was referred to that the result of the level of angiotonin Ⅰ at 37 ℃ water bath subduced to that at 4 ℃. ③Dif ference of measurement data was compared with single factor analysis of variance. After normal transformation, the non-normal distribution data were conducted with statistical disposal. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of contents of angiotensin Ⅰ and Ⅱ, activities of rennin and nuclear factor-κB and expression of type 1 receptor mRNA of angiotensin Ⅱ in renal tissues of rats of each group. RESULTS: In the normal control group, model group and PDTC interven tional group 1, 6 and 13 rats were dropped out, respectively, so 11, 11 and 9 rats in each group were involved in the result analysis. ①Activity of nu clear factor-κB: It was higher significantly in the model group than that in the normal control group and PDTC interventional group (P ＜ 0.01 ). It was similar between the normal control group and the PDTC interventional group. ②Activity of rennin of renal tissue: It was similar among the 3 groups. ③Content of angiotonin Ⅰ of renal tissue: It was higher obviously in the model group that that in the normal control group and the PDTC interventional group (P ＜ 0.01 ). ④Content of angiotensin Ⅱ in renal tissue: It was similar between the model group and the normal control group. It was lower markedly in the PDTC interventional group than that in the model group and the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01 ). Expression of type 1 receptor mRNA of angiotensin Ⅱ: It was lower remarkably in the model group than that in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01 ). It was lower dis tinctly in the PDTC interventional group than that in the model group and the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01 ). CONCLUSION: The increase of activity of nuclear factor-κB in renal tissue of diabetic rats can inhibit the activity of nuclear factor-κB, which will induce the reduction of the level of angiotensin Ⅱ and expression of type 1 receptor mRNA of angiotensin Ⅱ in renal tissue of diabetic rats.