AIM To investigate the effects of Sanqi Huayu Oral Liquid (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Corydalis Rhizoma) on femoral shaft comminuted fracture caused by trauma in perioperative period of high-risk groups.METHODS One hundred and twenty patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly and equally divided into treatment group and control group.The control group was treated by low molecular weight heparin calcium injection,while the treatment group was additionally given Sanqi Huayu Oral Liquid.Two groups' levels of serum IL-6,TNF-α and D-D were detected on pre-operation and the 1 st,3rd,7th after operation,respectively.Additionally,the adverse drug reactions were also observed.RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of serum IL-6,TNF-α and D-D between the two groups before operation.The first day after operation,the levels of serum IL-6,TNF-α and D-D between the two groups showed increasing trends,which had similar elevated levels without statistically significant differences.The third day after operation,the levels of serum IL-6,TNF-α and D-D between the two groups presented downward trends,but those in the treatment group were decreased more markedly with statistically significant differences.Furthermore,the seventh day after operation,the levels of serum IL-6,TNF-α and D-D between the two groups were lower than those before the operation,and these indices in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group with statistically significant differences.CONCLUSION Sanqi Huayu Oral Liquid can not only effectively reduce the levels of serum IL-6,TNF-α and D-D in perioperative period of high-risk groups,but also prevent the formation of deep vein thrombosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of environmental hypothermia on hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in unanesthetized swine model of hemorrhagic shock.Methods A total of 16 Bama pigs provided by animal experiment centre of the General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command were randomized into two groups ( n =8,each):ambient temperature (A) and hypothermia ( H ).Venous blood (30 mL/kg) was continously withdrawn over 15 minutes to establish hemorrhagic shock model.Core temperature,heart rate,mean arterial pressure,central venous pressure,cardiac output,saturation of mixed venous blood and blood gas analysis were recorded at the baseline and different hemorrhagic shock time.DO2I and VO2I,and the O2 extraction ratio (O2ER) were calculated.Results Core body temperature in group A decreased slightly after hemorrhagic shock model had established and environmental hypothermia resulted in more reduction in core body temperature.The mortality rate was significantly higher in group H (50％) than in group A (0％) (P ＜0.05).DO2I and VO2I decreased significantly after hemorrhage.No difference was found in hemodynamics,DO2I and VO2I between group A and group H,but the difference of pH,lactic acid and O2ER were significant between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ).conclusions Environmental hypothermia aggravated the disorder of oxygen metabolism after hemorrhagic shock,which was associated with poor prognosis.

AIM:To observe the expression of calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR) of rat cardiomyocytes in anoxia-reoxygenation(A/R) injury and CaSR-induced changes of intracellular calcium;involvement of CaSR in apoptosis and relevant signaling transduction pathway.METHODS:The A/R injury was remodeled in vitro;CaSR,caspase 3 and caspase 9 were deteced by Western blotting.LSCM was used to observe changes of intracellular calcium during reperfusion with or without CaSR agonist.Morphological changes in different groups were observed by light microscopes.Apoptotic cells were measured by TUNEL assay.RESULTS:By LSCM,it was found that the intracellular calcium was significantly increased during reperfusion both in A/R and activator group.Severe injury was found by HE staining in the above two groups,the number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased according to TUNEL assay.The expression of CaSR,caspase 3 and caspase 9 was significantly increased in A/R group and activator group compared with control.CONCLUSION:CaSR is involved in intracellular calcium overload in A/R cardiomyocyte,which can accelerate apoptosis during A/R.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the survival rate and its prognostic factors for patients with biliary tract cancer, and then a prognostic risk prediction model was constructed to predict the survival probability of patients. Methods: A total of 14 005 patients with biliary tract cancer (including gallbladder cancer, extrahepatic bile duct cancer, and ampulla of Vater cancer), who were diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 in the US National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) were included in the development cohort. The prognostic risk factors of biliary tract cancer were investigated using multivariate Cox regression models. The predictive nomograms were then constructed to predict the overall survival probability of 1, 3, and 5 years, and the predictive discrimination and calibration ability of the nomograms were further evaluated. Meanwhile, 11 953 patients who were diagnosed during 2004 to 2009 from SEER Program were then selected to validate the external predictive accuracy of the prediction models. Results: The 1, 3 and 5-year cumulative survival rates of patients with biliary tract cancer were 41.9%, 20.4% and 15.3%, respectively, in the development cohort. Age greater than 50 years, African Americans and Native Americans and Alaska Natives, higher T, N and M stage and poor histological differentiation grade were risk factors for death, while married status, Asia-Pacific Islanders, insured status and surgery on primary site were protective factors. Gender was not significantly associated with the overall survival. The C statistic of the prediction model was 0.73 (95%CI: 0.72-0.74), and the calibration curve showed that the interaction curves of predictive and actual survival rates of 1, 3 and 5 years were close to the 45 degree diagonal. Results in the validation cohort were similar with those in the construction cohort, with a C statistic of 0.70 (95%CI: 0.69-0.72), indicating high external applicability of the prediction model. Findings from gallbladder cancer, extrahepatic bile duct cancer, and ampulla of Vater cancer are in consistent with the overall biliary tract cancer. Conclusions The survival rate of patients with biliary tract cancer is relatively poor, and the survival prediction model based on prognostic factors has high prediction accuracy. In the future, this prognostic prediction model could be applied to clinical practice to guide individualized treatment for patients with biliary tract cancer.

Smart manufacturing still remains critical challenges for pharmaceutical manufacturing. Here, an original data-driven engineering framework was proposed to tackle the challenges. Firstly, from sporadic indicators to five kinds of systematic quality characteristics, nearly 2,000,000 real-world data points were successively characterized from Ginkgo Folium tablet manufacturing. Then, from simplex to the multivariate system, the digital process capability diagnosis strategy was proposed by multivariate C_pk integrated Bootstrap-t. The C_pk of Ginkgo Folium extracts, granules, and tablets were discovered, which was 0.59, 0.42, and 0.78, respectively, indicating a relatively weak process capability, especially in granulating. Furthermore, the quality traceability was discovered from unit to end-to-end analysis, which decreased from 2.17 to 1.73. This further proved that attention should be paid to granulating to improve the quality characteristic. In conclusion, this paper provided a data-driven engineering strategy empowering industrial innovation to face the challenge of smart pharmaceutical manufacturing.