Until now, more than seventeen parvovirus have been reported which can infect mammals and poultries. The infected cells appeared different properties of apoptosis and death, present a typical cytopathic effect. NS1 is a major nonstructural protein of parvovirus, with a conservative structure and function, which plays an important role in the viral life cycle. In addition to the influence on viral replication, the NS1 also participates in apoptosis induced by viruses. Parvovirus induced apoptosis which is mainly mediated by mitochondrial pathway, this review summarized the latest research progresses of parvovirus induced apoptosis.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Humans ; Parvoviridae Infections ; physiopathology ; veterinary ; virology ; Parvovirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Astract:Objective To investigate the ultrastructural changes and HSP70 expression in liver of mice after microwave irradiation with lethal dose and to explore the application of these indexes as the basis of medical identification in microwave irradiation induced death. Methods The mice were divided into the control group and the irradiation group. Mice of the irradiation group were induced death by whole body exposure to 129 W/cm2 microwave irradiation for 30 minutes. The ultrastructure of liver was observed by transmission electron micro-scope;changes of the HSP70 mRNA and protein expression in liver were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) and Western blotting respectively. Results Liver cytoplasm was observed dissolved with points and sheets and there were mitochondri-al crest and membrane solution in the irradiation group. And the HSP70 mRNA and protein expression level increases significantly compared with the control group with statistically significant difference (P<0. 01). Conclusion Death induced by microwave irradiation could lead to liver cytoplasm dissolution, mitochondria damage, mRNA and protein expression of HSP70 up-regulation, which may be used as important diagnostic indicators of microwave irradiation induced death.

Objective To investigate the effect of salinomycin on cancer stem cell formation of prostate cancer cell line DU145 and its possible mechanisms,providing theoretical basis for the clinical application of salino-mycin. Methods (1)DU145 cells were treated with salinomycin. The percentage of ALDH+cells,which was used as the marker of cancer stem cells,was detected by flow cytometry.(2)After treated with salmonin,DU145 cells were subjected to Western-Blot analysis for the expression of mTORsignal pathway-related proteins such as p-70s6k, p-p70s6,p-s6 and so on. 3)DU145 cells were treated with salinomycin combined with mTOR signal pathway inhibi-tor rapamycin,and the ALDH+cancer stem cells were detected using flow cytometer. Results (1)Salmonomycin significantly inhibited ALDH-positive cancer stem cells in DU145cell line(inhibition rate in 77.8%),which was twice as high as that of traditional anticancer drug paclitaxel(which has a inhibition rate of 38.64%). This results suggesting that salinomycin would have the effect of inhibiting cancer stem cells. (2)The expression ofm-TOR p-70s6k,p-p70s6 and p-s6 in mTOR signaling pathway was inhibited by salinomycin in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner,suggesting that salinomycin would inhibite mTOR signaling pathway.(3)Salinomycin combined with rapamycin can decrease the proportion of ALDH-positive DU145 cancer stem cells(inhibition rate in 77.95%), suggesting that salinomycin may inhibit ALDH-positive DU145 stem cells through the mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Salinomycin may play an important role in inhibiting cancer stem cells by inhibiting mTOR pathway signaling.

Objective To discuss the efficacy of NLR and hs-CRP levels on recurrence in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency catheter ablation. Methods Eighty-nine cases of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by radiofrequency ablation in Chaoyang Central Hospital from May 2011 to October 2015 were selected and were divided into the recurrence group and non-recurrence group according to the recurrence. The preoperative NLR and hs-CRP levels were observed,and the correlation between NLR and hs-CRP was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Results 27 cases were recurred after 1 year follow-up,the recurrence rate was 30. 3%( 27/89) . 27 cases in the recurrence group, 62 cases in the non-recurrence group. The disease duration of the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group were (7. 6±3. 4)years and (5. 3±2. 5) years respectively. The left atrial diameter (LAD) were (39. 09±3. 27) mm and (35. 91±3. 95) mm,NLR were(3. 69±0. 67) and (2. 58±0. 40),hs-CRP were (5. 20±2. 45) mg/L and (3. 09±1. 70) mg/L respectively in the two groups,the differences were statistically significant between the two groups (P＝0.001,0.002,0.004,0.001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between NLR and hs-CRP (r＝0. 58,P＜0. 01). Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR,hs-CRP,LAD were risk factors of recurrence (OR(95%CI):2. 071( 1. 689～ 3. 301 ), 1. 760 ( 1. 096～ 4. 286 ), 1. 943 ( 1. 025～ 3. 607 )) ( P ＝ 0. 019, 0. 030, 0. 035). Conclusion The levels of NLR and hs-CRP are associated with the recurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with radiofrequency ablationts. NLR value and serum hs-CRP increased are the risk factors of recurrent atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency catheter ablation,which can be used as independent predictors of atrial fibrillation recurrence after radiofrequency ablation.

Objective:To study the effect of pig interleukin 2(IL 2) eukaryon expression plasmid on cellular immune responses of BALB/c mice immuned with pcDNA PRRSV ORF5 DNA vaccine.Methods:BALB/c mice were immunized with pcDNA PRRSV ORF5 DNA vaccine and pig interleukin 2(IL 2) eukaryon expression plasmid by the routes of co injection and DNA vaccine injection alone respectively, with PBS and pcDNA3 1(+) as controls. Fluoresecence Activated Cell Sorter(FACS),T lymphocyte proliferation test(MTT) were used to detect the number of CD4 +、CD8 + and the T lymphocyte proliferation in peripheral blood of mice vaccinated.Results:ConA response of T lymphocytes in blood was higher in experiment group than the control group ( P

Objective To investigate the effect of hydrochloric acid dyclonine mucilage combined with painless catheter on reducing the reaction of urethral catheterization in patients recovering from general anesthesia. Methods Sixty male adults, scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 2 groups (the research group and the control group)with 30 patients in each group. All patients received urethral catheterization with painless catheter after anesthetic induction,and were injected with hydrochloric acid dyclonine mucilage 10 mL(research group) or normal saline 10 mL (control group). The reaction of urethral catheterization was recorded. Results The incidence of CRBD was significantly lower in research group(13.33%) than in control group(66.67%)(P<0.05),and the incidence of pain was also significantly lower in research group(10%) than in control group (56.67%)(P<0.05). Conclusion The application of hydrochloric acid dyclonine mucilage combined with painless catheter can effectively alleviate the reac-tion of urethral catheterization in patients recovering from general anesthesia.

Background and Objective Previous study showed tenecteplase and alteplaxe were equovalent for 30-day mortality in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. The purpose of this open-label, randomized, multi-center, angiographic trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase compared with alteplase in Chinese patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods We recruited patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction presenting within 6 hours of symptom onset from October, 2002 to March,2004, in 5 hospitals in Beijing. After giving informed consent, patients were randomly assigned a single-bolus injection of tenecteplase (30-50 mg according to body weight) or front loaded alteplase (100 mg), and underwent coronary angiography at 90 min after starting the study drug. All patients received aspirin and heparin (target activated partial thromboplastin time 50-70 s). The primary efficacy end point was the rate of TIMI grade 3 flow at 90 minutes. Other efficacy end points included TIMI grade 2/3 flow at 90 minutes. Safety end points included all stroke, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), moderate/severe hemorrhage (except for ICH), all-cause mortality at 30-days, and major non-fatal cardiac events at 30 days. Results Overall 110 patients were eligible for statistical analysis, with 58 patients assigned to receive tenecteplase and 52 patients to alteplase. Tenecteplase produced a rate of TIMI grade 3 flow at 90 minutes after the start of thrombolysis(68.4%) similar to that of alteplase (66.7%, P=1.0); the rates of TIMI grade 2 or 3 were similar for patients treated with tenecteplase versus alteplase (89.5% versus 80.4%, respectively, P=0.278). At 30 days, rates for all strokes were similar for the two groups (5.17% for tenecteplase and 1.92% for alteplase, P=0.62); rates of ICH were 3.45% and 1.92% (tenecteplase and rt-PA,P=1.00) respectively. The rate of moderate/severe hemorrhage was 8.62% with tenecteplase and 5.77% with alteplase (P=0.72); total mortality was almost identical in the two groups (13.8% versus 9.6%, respectively, P=0.565) while the rates of non-fatal cardiac complications were 10.35% and 11.54% (tenecteplase and alteplase, P=1.0). Conclusions The efficacy of a single-bolus, weightadjusted tenecteplase fibrinolytic regimen is equivalent to front-loaded alteplase in terms of the rates of TIMI grade 3 flow, and TIMI 2 or 3 flow, but the 30-day mortality and ICH in both groups was so high that the use of tenecteplase is not permitted in China. These negative safety results might be due to the high rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and high dose of bolus heparin and suboptimal concomitant medical therapy during hospitalization, so further studies are needed to confirm the safety for tenecteplase in Chinese patients.

Super-resolution microscopy techniques have overcome the limit of optical diffraction. Recently, the Bayesian analysis of Bleaching and Blinking data (3B) method has emerged as an important tool to obtain super-resolution fluorescence images. 3B uses the change in information caused by adding or removing fluorophores in the cell to fit the data. When adding a new fluorophore, 3B selects a random initial position, optimizes this position and then determines its reliability. However, the fluorophores are not evenly distributed in the entire image region, and the fluorescence intensity at a given position positively correlates with the probability of observing a fluorophore at this position. In this paper, we present a Bayesian analysis of Bleaching and Blinking microscopy method based on fluorescence intensity distribution (FID3B). We utilize the intensity distribution to select more reliable positions as the initial positions of fluorophores. This approach can improve the reconstruction results and significantly reduce the computational time. We validate the performance of our method using both simulated data and experimental data from cellular structures. The results confirm the effectiveness of our method.
Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; COS Cells ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Computer Simulation ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; methods ; Molecular Imaging ; methods

Objective:To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and future sex selection in patients with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS).Methods:Retrospective analysis of clinical data of three patients with PAIS who received treatment in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Beijing Ditan Hospital of Capital Medical University, and Beijing Yayuncun Amcare Women's and Children's Hospital from 2013 to 2015 was conducted. Physical signs, specialized examinations, surgical explorations, and treatments were analyzed. The Chinese database was searched, and 12 cases of PAIS were collected and summarized.Results:Fifteen patients with PAIS presented with primary amenorrhea (15/15). Special clinical manifestations included gender as male or appearing as male (5/15), penile dysplasia or clitoral hypertrophy (14/15), urethral dysplasia (5/15), and breast development (4/15). Eleven cases were treated based on female gender (including surgery and hormone replacement therapy). There were three special patients with PAIS who had specific etiology, genetics, clinical manifestations, histopathology, diagnosis, and treatment and ultimately underwent treatment based on female gender.Conclusion:PAIS is a rare form of disorder of sex development, featuring a karyotype of 46, XY, and is a congenital X-linked recessive condition. Understanding the pathogenesis of PAIS more thoroughly can contribute to accurate diagnosis, personalized treatment, and well-organized follow-up, thereby preventing gender dysphoria.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the severity of alcoholic fatty liver disease and the amount of fat in the abdominal cavity and the serum inflammatory factor IL-18 and IL-8. Methods From October 2016 to October 2017,one hundred and twenty patients with AFLD in the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University were divided into light,medium,heavy groups according to the severity of fatty lesions by color Doppler Ultrasound. There were 40 mild patients,50 moderate patients and 30 severe patients. Forty healthy subjects were selected as controls. All the participants underwent CT scanning. The intra-abdominal fat area (VAT),abdominal subcutaneous fat area (SAT) and total abdominal fat area (TA) were measured. The liver function was measured by biochemical analyzer and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). (ELSIA) IL-18 was detected and IL-8 was detected by radioimmunoassay. Results The VAT of the healthy control group and the mild,medium and severe AFLD group were (70. 28±10. 19),(114. 38 ± 9. 97),(146. 73±10. 19),(163. 38±12. 69) cm2. The TA of the healthy control group and the mild, medium and severe AFLD group were ( 256. 72± 34. 56),( 332. 19 ± 33. 28),( 387. 49± 32. 28),( 478. 19 ±31. 02) cm2. The SAT of the healthy control group and the light,medium and severe AFLD group were (156. 23±28. 19),(203. 43±27. 12),(246. 19±26. 89),(271. 19 ±27. 94) cm2,respectively. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of the healthy control group and the mild,medium and severe AFLD group were (18. 50±1. 12),(23. 50±1. 21),(25. 50±1. 24),(29. 50± 1. 43) U/L. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of the healthy control group and the light, medium and severe AFLD group were ( 18. 50 ± 2. 14), ( 26. 50 ±2. 22),(35. 50±2. 34),(38. 50±2. 11) U/L. γ-glutamyltransferaseof the healthy control group and the light,medium and severe AFLD group were ( 16. 50 ± 2. 11), ( 32. 50 ± 2. 23), ( 47. 50 ± 2. 31), ( 48. 00 ±2. 43) U/L,respectively. Compared with the healthy control group,VAT,TA,SAT,AST,ALT andγ-GT in the light,medium and heavy AFLD group showed statistically significant differences ( P＜0. 05) . Compared with the mild AFLD group, VAT, TA, SAT, AST, ALT and γ-GT in the medium and heavy AFLD group showed statistically significant differences ( P＜0. 05) . Compared with the moderate AFLD group,the VAT, TA,SAT, AST, ALT, and γ-GT of the severe AFLD group showed statistically significant differences ( P＜0. 05). The data of the three AFLD groups showed that the concentration of all indicators were increasing as the severity of fat deepened. IL-18 of the healthy control group and the light,medium and severe AFLD group were (45. 67±4. 51),(52. 18±5. 09),(59. 87±4. 98),(64. 18±5. 12) ng/L; IL-8 of the healthy control group and the light, medium and severe AFLD group were ( 78. 92 ± 5. 07), ( 115. 62 ± 4. 89), ( 223. 76 ± 6. 78),(286. 42±7. 02) g/L. Compared with every group,IL-18 and IL-8 of light,medium and severe AFLD group showed statistically significant differences (F＝1035. 67,2. 93×105,P＜0. 001); compared with mild AFLD group,IL-18 and IL-8 of medium and heavy group showed statistically significant differences;compared with moderate AFLD group,IL-18 and IL-8 of severe group AFLD showed statistically significant differences ( P＜0. 001) . The levels of inflammatory factors IL-18 and IL-8 increased with the severity of steatosis. The severity of AFLD was significantly positively correlated with VAT,TA,SAT,IL-18 and IL-8 ( r 0. 415(P＜0. 001), 0. 435 ( P＜0. 001), 0. 512 ( P＜0. 001), 0. 274 ( P＜0. 001 ), 0. 689 ( P ＜0. 001). Conclusion Fat control is an important measure to prevent AFLD. IL-18 and IL-8 can reflect the severity of liver injury in AFLD and have important significance in judging prognosis.