Objective To establish a rabbit model of restenosis and analyze the expressions of VEGFmRNA and TGF-?_1mRNA during the intimal proliferation.We also explored the relationship between VEGFmRNA,TGF-?_1mRNA and restenosis.Methods 40 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were evenly divided into three injury groups and one control group.Right carotid arteries were injured with PCI balloon in the injury groups.10 rabbits of each injury group were sacrificed on weeks 1,2 and 4 after the injury.VEGFmRNA and TGF-?_1mRNA were examined by in situ hybridization.All the samples were analyzed using a computerized imaging analysis system.Results In the injury groups,neointimal areas were significantly larger than those in control group(P

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanisms for urinary system disorders before and after ketamine withdrawal in rats and to evaluate the recovery degree of the urinary system damage after ketamine withdrawal. METHODS: Fifteen male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: A control group, an experimental group, and a withdrawal group. The rats in the control group were given normal saline. The rats in the experimental group were given ketamine 30 mg/(kg.day) for 30 days. The rats in the withdrawal group were treated as the experimental group except for drug withdrawal for 2 weeks. In the experimental period, we randomly selected 1 rat of kidney, ureter, and bladder from each group to perform HE staining. The bladder tissues in each group were used to detect mRNA expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: 1) The behavior of ketamine-injected rats was obviously changed, but the weight of ketamine-induced rats was not changed. 2) As compared with the control group, the experimental and withdrawal groups showed infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells in the kidney tissues, the thinner epithelium of bladder and infiltration of submucosal mononuclear inflammatory cells under the optical microscope. 3) As compared with the control group, the expression of H1R mRNA was increased in the experimental group (P<0.05). As compared with the experimental group, H1R mRNA expression was significantly decreased in the withdrawal group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Ketamine abuse could induce behavior changes in rats. The infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells in kidney and bladder, the thinner bladder epithelial layer, and the increased H1R gene mRNA expression in bladder might be an important pathogenesis of KAUD. Ketamine withdrawal may effectively reverse the pathogenic process of KAUD.
Animals ; Epithelium ; physiopathology ; Ketamine ; administration & dosage ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Urinary Bladder ; physiopathology ; Urologic Diseases ; physiopathology

Objective:To explore the etiology of male urethral stricture,analyze the therapeutic strategies of urethral stricture,and summarize the complicated cases.Methods:The data of 183 patients with urethral stricture were retrospectively analyzed,including etiology,obstruction site,stricture length,therapeutic strategy,and related complications.Results:The mean age was 49.7 years,the average course was 64.7 months,and the constituent ratio of51 to 65 years old patients was 38.8％ (71/183).The traumatic injury of patients accounted for 52.4％ (96/183),in which the pelvic fracture accounted for 35.5％ (65/183) and the straddle injury accounted for 16.9％ (31/183).There were 54 cases of iatrogenic injury (29.5％).The posterior urethral stricture accounted for 45.9％ (84/183),followed by the anterior urethral stricture (44.8％,82/183) and the stenosis (6.6％,12/183).A total of 99 patients (54.1％) received the end to end anastomosis,and 40 (21.9％) were treated with intracavitary surgery,such as endoscopic holmium laser,cold knife incision,endoscopic electroknife scar removal,balloon dilation,and urethral dilation.In the patients over 65-years old,the urethral stricture rate was 14.8％ and the complication rate (70.4％) for transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was significantly higher than that of all samples (P＜ 0.01).Conclusion:Both the etiology of male urethral stricture and the treatment strategy have changed and the incidence of traumatic and iatrogenic urethral stricture has increased in recent 3 years.The main treatment of urethral stricture has been transformed from endoscopic surgery into urethroplasty.

To investigate effects of verapamil on primary cultured human urethral scar fibroblasts (USFs) and to provide basis for protecting the formation of urethra scar.
 Methods: The cell proliferation was evaluated with the cell counting kit (CCK)-8 method after USFs were incubated various verapamil concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, or 250 μmol/L) or solvent for 12, 24, or 48 h. The protein level of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) was evaluated with ELISA after cells were incubated with verapamil (100 μmol/L) or solvent (control cells) for 24 h.
 Results: The proliferation of USFs was obviously suppressed after verapamil treatment, which was in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the protein levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the verapamil treatment group increased obviously compared with those of the control groups (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: Calcium channel blockers may prevent the excessive formation of urethra scar by inhibiting the proliferation of urethral scar fibroblasts and enhancing the activity of MMP.
Calcium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cicatrix ; prevention & control ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; drug effects ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; drug effects ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects ; Urethra ; cytology ; pathology ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: To establish logistic regression model for prostate cancer and provide basis for prostate biopsy.
 METHODS: A total of 117 cases of prostate biopsy were retrospectively analyzed in chronological sequence. All cases were assigned into a model group (n=78) and a validation group (n=39). Logistic regression model was established and its value was estimated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. 
 RESULTS: Digital rectal examination(DRE), transrectal ultrasound(TRUS), MRI, prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD), and free PSA/total PSA (fPSA/tPSA) were the influential factors for prostate biopsy (P<0.01). The established logistic regression model for prostate cancer by regression coefficient was: logit P=-2.362+2.561×DRE+1.747×TRUS+2.901×MRI+1.126×PSAD-
2.569×fPSA/tPSA and area under curve was 0.907. When the cutoff aimed at 0.12, the sensitivity and specificity were 81.80% and 89.30%, respectively.
 CONCLUSION Logistic regression model for prostate cancer can provide sufficient basis for prostate biopsy. Prostate biopsy should be performed when P value is more than 0.12.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urologic Surgical Procedures