At present,intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 h is still the most effective method in treatment of acute ischemic stroke.For those who do not meet the criteria of intravenous thrombolytic therapy,do not have significant improvement after intravenous thrombolysis and even worse,endovascular interventional therapy is a safe alternative treatment method.Arterial mechanical thrombectomy devices can achieve rapid and complete recanalization and provide more treatment options for patients with acute ischemic stroke.This article reviews the related technical evolution and clinical trials of mechanical thrombectomy devices.

The effects of polymerization conditions including scan potential range, scan cycles, the concentration ratio of template molecules to functional monomer, pH of the buffer, and washing time for removing the template molecule from the imprinted polymer on the difference of zero current potential of benzidine ( BZ) interaction with BZ-MIP were investigated. The optimum preparations were obtained. The imprinted capacity of benzidine, 4-chloroaniline, and 4-aminobiphenyl and carmine was calculated as 0. 632, 0. 1123, 0. 1123, 0. 0847 and 0. 0725, respectively. This indicated that BZ-MIP had good specific recognition and selectivity to benzidine, and other substances did not interfere with the binding of BZ-MIP with BZ. The zero current potential variation was linear with the lorgarithm of BZ concentration in the range of 4í10-8-1í10-5 mol/Lwith detection limitation of 1. 89í10-8 mol/L. The sensor was used to detect BZ in waste water sample with recoveries of 95 . 7%-104 . 2%.

Objective To study the relationship between Xsp Ⅰ restriction fregment length polymorphism (RFLP) in exon 4 of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene and hypercholesterolemia. Methods PCR-RFLP method was applied to determine the polymorphism of LDLR gene in 446 cases of hypercholesterolemia, 284 of borderline hypercholesterolemia and 187 normal control subjects. Results Three genotypes, X+X+, X+X- and X-X-, were found in the population. (1) The frequencies of the X+X+ genotype and X+ allele in the group with hypercholesterolemia were higher than those of the other 2 groups (P<0.05). (2) From X-X- to X+X+ genotype, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol increased gradually, while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased (all P < 0.05). (3) With logistic regression analysis, LDLR genotype was associated with hypercholesterolemia. Conclusion Polymorphism in Xsp I restriction site at the exon 4 of LDLR (X+ X+ genotype and X+ allele) may be a risk factor of hypercholesterolemia in Chinese population.

Objective To investigate any neuroprotective effect of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on the mitochondria of dopaminergic neurons using a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease.Methods Forty-eight male SPF C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to either a normal control group (treated with a 30 ml/kg intraperitoneal injection of physiological saline once a day),a model group ( treated with a 30 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of MPTP once a day) or an HBO therapy group ( treated with a 30 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of MPTP and HBO once a day).The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein,PINK1 protein and caspase-3 in brain tissue was measured using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting assays.Results Compared with the control group,the expression levels of TH protein and PINK1 protein were significantly lower in the neurons of the substantia nigra in the model mice.HBO therapy upregulated the expression of TH and PINK1 protein.Compared with the control group,the average level of caspase-3 protein in the neurons of the substantia nigra in the model mice was significantly higher.HBO therapy downregulates the expression of caspase-3 protein.Conclusions HBO can protect mitochondria and inhibit apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of brains with (MPTP-induced) Parkinson's disease by upregulating the expression of PINK1 protein and TH protein,and downregulating the expression of caspase-3 protein.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and immunological effects of photodynamic therapy combined with cell therapies for advanced esophageal cancer. Methods Ninety patients with advanced esophageal cancer were collected and divided into three groups by a non-randomized controlled trial according to treatment intention. Group A (30 patients) received photodynamic therapy (PDT) alone; group B (30 patients), PDT received PDT plus cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapies; and group C (30 patients) received CIK cell therapy aloen. In all the patients, the efficacy was assessed, the quality of life was documented, the immune function was detected, and the 6-month and 1-year death tolls were counted. Results The total clinical effectiveness rate was much higher in groups B and A than in group C (90.0% and 86.7% vs. 63.3%, P < 0.05), and there was no a statistical difference between group B and group A (P > 0.05). The rate of an increase in quality of life was significantly higher in group B than in groups A and C (86.7%vs. 60.0%and 33.3%, P<0.05), and it was higher in group A than in group C (60.0% vs. 33.3%, P < 0.05). As compared groups A and C, the percentages of CD3+ and CD3+ CD56+ were significantly improved in B group (P < 0.05), there was no a statistical difference between group A and group C. The 6-month survival rate did not differ statistically among the three groups (P > 0.05), while the 1-year survival rate was much higher in group B than in groups A and C (73.9% vs. 55.6% and 29.4%, P < 0.05). Conclusion Photodynamic therapy combined with cell therapies has a synergistic effect, and it enhances the overall immune function, significantly improves the quality of life and prolongs the survival period, showing a better clinical prospect.

Oocyte-like cells (OLC) can be generated by stem cells after the induction and differentiation in vitro, and maturated when transplanted in vivo to improve the development potential. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSC) were cultured for 10 days in porcine follicle fluid (pFF) that was extracted from the medium follicle with high levels of hormones and Bmp 15 protein. After the induction, the cell aggregates showed the germ cell-like cells and produced the germ cell marker oct4, and triggered epigenetic changes with high expression of methylation transferase gene dnmt3b. The cell aggregates were packaged into porcine theca folliculi to form grafts, which were then transplanted into mouse renal capsule. After one month of transplantation, the morphology of OLC from a graft was not only similar to oocytes, but also expressed the germ cells markers (oct4, nanog, stella, ifitm3, dazl, nanos3, bmp15, and gd9). The results demonstrate that the in vivo differentiation model was useful for OLC development.
Amniotic Fluid ; cytology ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Oocytes ; cytology ; Ovarian Follicle ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Swine

ObjectiveTo quantitative evaluate the alterations of cardiac morphology and function in gestational impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT) fetuses.MethodsFetal echocardiograms were performed on 68 GIGT fetuses with gestation age between 21 ～ 40 weeks for evaluation of cardiac morphology and function.Fetal cardiac morphology,systolic and diastolic functions of 68 GIGT fetuses were compared with 81 control group fetuses using conventional two-dimensional,M-mode,pulsed Doppler echocardiography and myocardial tissue Doppler imaging.ResultsComprehensive fetal echocardiography data analysis showed no significant differences in cardiac morphology and function between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions The alterations of cardiac morphology and function in GIGT fetuses can be accurately and objectively evaluated using quantitative evaluation in fetal echocardiography and will help to offer consultation.

Objeetive To analyze the clinicopathologic features of proliferative sclerosing IgA nephropathy and the efficacy of prednisone therapy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted,enrolling 50 patients with biopsy-proven primary proliferative sclerosing IgA nephropathy who were admitted in the Hospital from January 2005 to June 2015-26 males and 24 females,mean age (36.8 ± 10.4) years.Clinicopathologic features and prednisone therapeutic effect were analyzed.Results The clinical manifestations of 50 cases were nephritis syndrome with varying degrees of renal insufficiency,including 32 cases (64.0％) with hypertension,15 cases (30.0％) with microscopic hematuria.Renal biopsy showed the incidence of glomerular global sclerosis was 17.0％-47.2％,tubular atrophy/ interstitial fibrosis outstanding (T0 50％,T1 32％,T2 18％).After prednisone treatment,compared with sustained remission group and relapse group,invalid patients had higher incidence of hypertension (P ＜ 0.05),relatively lower Hb (P ＜ 0.01) and serum albumin,more significant renal dysfunction (P ＜ 0.01),more severe glomerular global sclerosis,segmental sclerosis,tubular atrophy/ interstitial fibrosis,while the lower interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration.During the follow-up,which lasted from 6 to 132 months (median 27.3 months),the effective rate of treatment was 74.0％ after sufficient prednisone or half dose prednisone therapy.Repeated recurrence rate was 32.0％.At the end of the follow-up period,13(26.0％) patients entered the stage of uremia.Conclusions Application of glucocorticoids in the treatment of proliferative sclerosing IgA nephropathy can protect renal function and delay the progression of renal impairment.The efficacy of glucocorticoids therapy is significantly associated with the presence or absence of hypertension,the degree of renal function impairment,and the severity of the onset of renal pathology.

Objective To evaluate the effect of resolvin D1 on focal cerebral ischemia?reperfusion ( I∕R) injury in rats. Methods One hundred and twenty adult male Sprague?Dawley rats, aged 7 weeks, weighing 260-280 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n=24 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S), group I∕R, low?dose resolvin D1 group (group LRD), medium?dose resolvin D1 group ( group MRD) , and high?dose resolvin D1 group ( group HRD) . Focal cerebral I∕R was induced by right middle cerebral artery occlusion using a nylon thread inserted into internal carotid artery and advanced cranially until resistance was met. The occlusion was maintained for 2 h followed by 24 h reperfusion. In LRD, MRD and HRD groups, 0.03, 0.10, 0.30 nmol resolvin D1 5 μl was injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle at the beginning of reperfusion, respectively. Neurological deficits were evaluated at 24 h of reperfusion and scored. The rats were then sacrificed, and their brains were removed for determination of infarct volume (by TTC staining), cerebral water content, Evans blue content and expression of matrix metalloproteinase?9 ( MMP?9) in the ischemic cortex. Results Compared with group S, the neurological deficit scores, cerebral infarct volume, and cerebral water and Evans blue content were significantly increased, and the expression of MMP?9 was up?regulated in the other 4 groups. Compared with group I∕R, the neurological deficit scores, cerebral infarct volume, and cerebral water and Evans blue content were significantly decreased, and the expression of MMP?9 was down?regulated in group MRD and group HRD, and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group LRD. Conclusion Resolvin D1 can attenuate focal cerebral I∕R injury in rats, and down?regulation of MMP?9 expression and decrease in permeability of blood?brain barrier may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and current treating status from atrial ifbrillation (AF) patients with different gender in 20 emergency departments.
Methods: A total of 2015 consecutive AF patients from 20 emergency departments nationwide from 2008-11 to 2011-10 were retrospectively investigated. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Female group,n=1104 and Male group,n=911. The baseline clinical characteristics and current treating status were compared between groups, the risk of stroke in non-valvular atrial ifbrillation (NVAF) patients was evaluated by CHADS2 score and the factors affecting walfarin application were studied by Logistic regression analysis.
Results: Compared with Male group, Female group had the elder age (69.11 ± 12.96) years vs (67.67 ± 13.63) years,P=0.015, lower body mass index (BMI) (23.24 ± 3.73) kg/m2 vs (23.89 ± 3.47) kg/m2,P=0.000, more patients combining with heart failure (39.7% vs 34.6%,P=0.019), more patients with valvular heart disease (26.6% vs 12.4%,P=0.000). In contrast, Male group had more smokers (41.4% vs 5.1%,P=0.000), more patients combining with coronary artery disease (45.1% vs 39.1%,P=0.007) and more patients with previous history of myocardial infarction (9.5% vs 5.5%,P=0.001). The average CHADS2 score was higher in Female group than Male group (2.0 ± 1.4) vs (1.8 ± 1.4),P=0.008 and the proportion of patients with CHADS2 score ≥2 was higher in Female group than Male group (58.0% vs 51%,P=0.005). There were 407 patients of valvular heart disease with AF and 167 (41%) of them received walfarin treatment including 119 female and 48 male,P=0.713; 1608 NVAF patients with CHADS2 score≥ 2 and 105 of them received anticoagulation therapy including 54 female and 51 male,P=0.636.
Conclusion: The clinical characteristics and current treating status are different by gender from AF patients in 20 emergency departments in China.