This paper reports the elution test of adhering villus on a slide to detect the (?)uman chorion ABO(H)substance of the blood. A preliminary study of sample taking conditions and sample preservation was made for the experiment. The results show that the elution test needs less villi(2-4mg)and is easier to conduct, as compared with other methods. The method is of practical value in identifying the disputed (?)aternity in the early pregnancy. When kept properly in refrigeration, the smaple of chorion cart be kept as long as 3 months.

30 chorinic villi in early pregnancy (8-10 weeks)and their parent blood samples were analysedusing the method of restriction fragment length polymorphisms with single locus DNA probes of PAC255 and PAC256. Based on the gene frequencies of these two loci in Chinese and the relativechance of obligatory gene in each triplet, the cumulative parternity index and cumulative relativechance of paternity were calculated. The range of the former is 56. 80- 8333. 50, and the later is 98.27 - 99. 99 %. According to the international standard of paternity test, in the 30 pedigrees, 20 cases(66. 7 % )were assured for their paternity. It is showed that the combination of PAC255 and PAC256single locus DNA probes for the paternity test of early pregnancy is very available.

In Cantharidin-poisoned rats, nicotinamide-adenine dinucletide dehydrogenase (NADHD) andcytochrome oxidase (CCO) activities of myocardi-um, stomach and intestine were observed in exper-iment histochemically. The result showed thatNADHD and CCO reaction granules were de-creased, stained weakly, and distributed sparselyin myocardium, stomach and intestine of intoxicat-ed rats as compared with the control group. Thus,from the experimental result it was considered thatcantharidin may inhibit the activities of NADHDand CCO in varving degrees.

Based on the histochemical observation ofnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase(NADHD) and eytochrome oxidase (CCO) activi-ties of myocardium in cantharidine poisoned rats,furthermore, we observed the changes of these en-zymes of the myocardium cytochemically. The re-sult showed that, compared with control group, NADHD and CCO activities were inhibited afteradministration of cantharidin 1 or 2 h, and the in-hibition was found to be more obvious with poison-ing times prolonged, after 24 h, the cristae of mi-tochondria can not be distinguished, and the reac-tion products diffued into stroma to become a ho-mogeneous mass and lost their normal localization.It is indicated that cantharidin might destroy thestructure of mitochondria and interfere the activi-ties of NADHD and CCO of which both are locatedon mitochondria.

The specific binding capacity of androgen receptor (AR)and estrogen receptor (ER)in the peripheral lymphocytes was estimated by radioligand binding assay in 130 diabetic patients (type Ⅰ 18 cases and type Ⅱ 112 cases). Results were as follows:1)plasma estradiol (E2) of diabetic patients was significantly lower than that of the controls (P

Objective To explore the mechanism of VEGF treating cerebral ischemia. Methods A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was set up by nylon suture embolization. The naked plasmid DNA encoding vascular endothelial growth factor(pUCCAGGS/hVEGF 165 ) was directly injected through skull into the ischemic areas of brain. After seven days the rats were killed. RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of VEGF mRNA in the brain tissues, and immunohistochemistry was appllied to detect the expression of VEGF, Fas and Fas L in the brain tissues. Results Compared with control group, VEGF expression significantly increased in the therapeutic group(P

ObjectiveTo Investigate the influencing fators of somatoform disorder and combidity with depressive-anxiety disorders in general hospital patients.MethodsA multi-center,hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 2044 subjects were screened by using general questionnaire,self-made investing scale related somatoform disorder,hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS) and general health condition survey.Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA),hamilton depression scale (HAMD),mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI)was used to evaluate by psychiatrists for the subjects who scored≥ 9on HADS.Results 16.24％ of all the patients with stamic have been diagnosed and confirmed with depression and anxiety.Possible causes for depression and anxiety included family depression history(P＜ 0.001,OR=83.481 ),past incidence of the disease (P =0.012,OR =4.758),weak ability in handling it (P ＜ 0.001,OR =3.790),bad health condition(P ＜ 0.0001,OR =5.283 ),aggravation of disease(P ＜ 0.001,OR =2.840),bad martial condition (P =0.009,OR =1.805 ),multiple intercurrent diseases (P =0.001,OR =2.051 ),and dissatisfaction of the salary(P ＜0.001,0R=2.362) and tiredness of working(P=0.0054,OR=3.136).ConclusionThe risk factor of somatic patients with the depression and anxiety include family depression history,past incidence of the disease,weak ability in handling it,bad health condition,aggravation of disease,bad martial condition,multiple intercurrent diseases,and dissatisfaction of the salary and tiredness of working.

BACKGROUND: Microglia is the immune effect cell in central nervous system, if it is activated, it will release neuron poisoning factors and inflammatory factors, and bring fatal injury.OBJECTIVE: To investigated the effect of focal cerebral reperfusion on activation of microglia and the effect of the regulation of electroacupuncturing Shuigou and Baihui.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled study.SETTING: The department of Physioltherapy, the 458 Hospital of Chinese PLA; Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University; The department of Histology-embryology, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: This experiment was processed at Histology-embryology Center of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in March 2002. Total 80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups with 10 in each group.METHODS: ① Normal control group: The rats were not given any treatment and killed next day. ② Sham operation group: Only artery was separated, no suture inserted, killed next day. ③ 6, 12 and 24-hour reperfusion groups: The rats' right middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischemia-reperfusion model was made by embolus suture technique, then the rat was killed after 30 minutes' occlusion at MCA and reperfusing respectively 6, 12, 24hours. ④ 6-hour reperfusion + electroacupuncture group: Electroacupuncture was carried out immediately after the model was made, then the rat was killedafter 30 minutes' occlusion at MCA and reperfusion 6 hours (The frequency was 4 Hz-16 Hz. Stimulus intensity increased 1 V per 10minutes and the final intensity was 3V. The stimulus was lasted 30 minutes). ⑤ 12-hour reperfusion + electroacupuncture B group: Electroacupuncture was carried out immediately after the model was made and 8 hours later, then the rat was killed after 30 minutes' occlusion at MCA and reperfusion 12 hours. ⑥ 24-hour reperfusion + electroacupuncture group: Electroacupuncture was carried out immediately after the model was made and 8, 16 hours later, then the rat was killed after 30 minutes' occlusion at MCA and reperfusion 24 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To calculate numbers of microglia and to observe its morphological changes.RESULTS: Data of totally 67 rats was entered the results analysis. No microglia was seen in the normal and sham operation groups. Large quantity of microglia was activated at the border of ischemic area in 6, 12 and 24reperfusion group, their quantity was largely increased, reaching apex at reperfusion 12 hours [(35.38±1.77), (54.25±1.67), (49.29±2.21)/200sights]. The quantity in every 6, 12 and 24 reperfusion + electroacupuncture group was less than that in model group [(32.11±2.80), (50.88±2.64),(45.45±3.95)/200 sights, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: The microglia in brain is activated after the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and induces toxic effect on neurons. The electroacupuncture can decrease activation of microglia so as to protect the neurons.

Objective:Our purpose was to investigate the growth regulation and postreceptor signal transduction of somatostatin (SS) on human colon cancer cell line. Methods:Low differentiated clone A cells of human carcinoma were treated with different concentrations of SS and the growth status was observed. Intracellular 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were extracted, then the concentrations of them were measured by liquid scintillation technique and gamma scintillation counter.Intracellular free calcium concentration was detected by loading Fura-2 and fluorescental technique. Protein kinase C (PKC) was extracted from cytosol and membrane, then the activity of both parts was determined with TaKai method. Results:The clone A cell growth was inhibited greatly by different concentrations of SS (10-10 to 10-5　mol/L) and it is related to the doses of SS.Somatortatin could largely inhibit the production of intracellular IP3, ［Ca2+］i, and cAMP, and decrease the activity of PKC. Conclusion:The growth of Clone A cell can be inhibited by SS. The inhibition may be mediated by phosphate inositol pathway, so intracellular IP3, ［Ca2+］i decreased, or inhibited the cell growth by inhibiting the activity of PKC.On the other hand, the cell proliferation may be inhibited by adenosine cyclase pathway, that is decreasing intracellular cAMP ,inhibiting cAMP-depending protein kinase.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of Protein induced by Vitamin K Antagonist-Ⅱ (PIVKA-Ⅱ) and alpha-Fetoproteins (AFP) in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and monitoring the treatment effects.Methods Patients were recruited by the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,from August 2013 to March 2014.Serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were measured by both chemiluminescence assay (CLIA) and electrochemiluminescence assay (ECLA) in patients with HCC (n =148),intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (n =37),gastric cancer and colorectal cancer (n =44),cirrhosis (n =63),chronic hepatitis B (n =38) and healthy subjects (n =57).To analyze the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC-AUC) and to compare the sensitivity and specificity of single PIVKA-Ⅱ or AFP assay,and the combined detection.To analyze the correlation of PIVKA-Ⅱ and both tumor size and TNM staging,so do AFP,respectively.To compare the serum level changes of the two indicators in HCC patients before and after treatment.Results The serum levels of both PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP in HCC group were higher than that in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma,gastric cancer and colorectal cancer,cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis B and healthy subjects groups (PIVKA-Ⅱ:U =866.50,424.00,958.00,292.00 and 448.00 ; AFP:U=713.00,440.50,1 182.00,614.00 and 399.00,P ＜0.001).The ROC-AUCs of the single PIVKA-Ⅱ or AFP assay and the combined detection in HCC group were not statistically different (P ＞ 0.05).The sensitivity of PIVKA-Ⅱ (87.16％) was higher than that of AFP (68.92％,x2 =4.73,P ＜ 0.05) in diagnosing HCC ; the sensitivity of the combined detection of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP(93.24％) was higher than that of PIVKA-Ⅱ itself (87.16％,adjusted x2 =64.70,P ＜ 0.01) ;while the specificities among them did not show statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Tested by Spearman rank correlation,the serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were both positively related to tumor size (r =0.716,0.475 respectively,P ＜ 0.001).The serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP in HCC patients increased gradually correlated with tumor size (H =72.70,37.02 respectively,P ＜ 0.001) and the positive rates of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were gradually improved (x2 =26.74,21.62 respectively,P ＜ 0.01),too.Based on the International TNM Staging System,the serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP (H =46.63,21.38 respectively,P ＜0.001) and the positive rates of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP (PIVKA-Ⅱ:x2 =20.40,P ＜0.01 ;AFP:x2 =8.33,P ＜0.05) in HCC patients from Ⅰ-Ⅳ stages were increased as TNM stages elevated.The serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP in HCC patients were both dropped sharply compared with preoperative levels (Z =-4.59,-4.22 respectively,P ＜ 0.001) and also both dropped in each of the Ⅰ-Ⅳ TNM stages (PIVKA-Ⅱ:Z =-2.85、-2.98、-2.70 respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ; AFP:Z =-2.48、-3.82、-2.50 respectively,P ＜ 0.05) compared with serum levels before treatment.Conclusion PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP both have high clinical application values in diagnosing HCC and monitoring treatment effects.The sensitivity of PIVKA-Ⅱ in diagnosing HCC is significantly higher than AFP,and the sensitivity can be elevated by the combined detection in diagnosing HCC without reducing the specificity.