Digital CR of head and neck overcomes the disadvantage of regular X-ray radiography, which can not reveal bone and soft tissue position deficiency in one exposing, and reduces the X-ray radiation dose. Meanwhile, various factors decline the imaging quality, and images must be enhanced in order to meet demands of doctors clinical diagnosis. The general enhancement algorithms don't consider bodys structure difference and density characteristics. A new adaptive CR enhancement algorithms was proposed in this article, and head and neck images were processed with this method and compared with linear unsharp masking method. The results proved that the details of CR image enhanced were abundant and enhanced CR had good visual effect. SNR was high, as well as detail variance/background variance (DV/BV) indicating that this algorithms is suitable for head and neck CR medical image.

Objective To investigate the Effect of Tetramethylpyrazine on adhesion and invasion ability of Cell PG in Hypoxic Environment. Methods The revival cell PG was divided into three dosages(high, medium and low)group of Tetramethylpyrazine, DDP group and negative control group. All of five groups were cultured separately in the normal and hypoxic environment. The adhesion ability of Cell PG were detected by MTT. The invasion ability of Cell PG were detected by Transwell chamber. Results Observed on the reconstruction of the basement membrane adhesion in PG cells by MTT, in normoxic environment the mean absorbance of the TMP high, medium and low concentrations, cisplatin group, control group were (0.556±0.040),(0.519±0.056), (0.517±0.061),(0.333±0.057),(0.300±0.066), P<0.01. In hypoxic environment the mean absorbance of the TMP high , medium and low concentrations, cisplatin group, control group were (0.48±0.032),(0.452±0.059),(0.274±0.093),(0.464±0.099),(0.155±0.042), P<0.01. Promotion of cell adhesion with Tetramethylpyrazine of high, medium and low concentration group and DDP group in hypoxic environment is greater than in normoxic environment(P<0.01). Observed the reconstruction of the invasion of basement membrane of PG cells by Transwell chamber, in normoxic environment the invasive cells of the TMP high, medium and low concentrations, cisplatin group, control group were :(28.00±17.00),(91.67±30.37),(105.67±39.58),(85.00±8.19),(152.33±24.71), P<0.05. In hypoxic environment the invasive cells of the TMP high , medium and low concentrations , cisplatin group, control group were (20.33±15.31), (22.33±17.62),(56.00±11.53),(57.67±35.95), (76.33±18.01), P<0.05. The invasive cells of normoxic control group was significantly more than hypoxic control group(P<0.05). Conclusion In hypoxic environment , adhesion and invasion ability of Cell PG significantly decreased compared with normoxic environment ; In normoxia and hypoxia environment, Tetramethylpyrazine and cisplatin could promote the adhesion ability and inhibit the invasion ability of PG cells. Role in promoting of Tetramethylpyrazine on cell adhesion of PG cells was stronger in hypoxic environment.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are essential for establishing metastasis. Detecting CTCs can help clinicians detect early metastases or recurrences more effectively. Compared with traditional histological analyses and imaging, CTC detection has a much higher reproducibility and sensitivity and can provide more timely prognostic information in human breast cancer.

Objective To compare the effects of laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) versus conventional laparotomy hepatectomy (CLH) on cellular immunity. Methods Fifteen ASA Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients aged 34-61 yrs, weighing 48-75 kg undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) were studied. Another 15 patients aged 33-64 yrs, weighing 46-73 kg undergoing conventional laparotomy hepatectomy (CLH) served as control. The preoperative liver function was rated as Child classification A in both groups. The patients were premedicated with phenobarbital 0.1 g and atropine 0.5 mg i.m. . Anesthesia was induced with fenlanyl 4 ?g?kg-1, propofol 1.5 mg?kg-1 and succinylcholine 2 mg?kg-1. After tracheal intubation the patients were mechanically ventilated and PETCO2 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg. Anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of isoflurane (MAC 1.0?0.31) and 60% N2O in O2 and intermittent i.v. boluses of vecuronium. The patients received after operation patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with 0.125% ropivacaine and morphine 0.05 ?g?kg-1?min-1. Radial artery and right internal jugular vein were cannulated for BP and CVP monitoring. Peripheral venous blood samples were taken before operation and on the 1 st and 3rd postoperative day for determination of CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+ T cells (by flow cytometry) and IL-6, TNF-?concentrations (ELBA) . Results CD3+ , CD4+ and CD8+ counts were significantly decreased while IL-6 and TNF-?levels were significantly increased on the 1st postoperative day compared with the baseline values before operation in both groups but there was no significant difference between the two groups. On the 3rd postoperative day CD3+ , CD4+ and CD8+ counts and IL-6, TNF-?levels returned to preoperative level in group LH while in group CLH CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+ remained low and IL-6, TNF-?levels remained high.Conclusion The results suggest that LH exerts less effects on immune function than conventional laparotomy technique.

To observe the effect of IL-2 gene modification on the character of biology and function in dendritic cells( DC) and to investigate the immune mechanism of specific anti-tumor of IL-2 gene modification in DC. Methods: DCs were prepared from mouse bone marrow and genetically modified by IL-2 adenovirus. Then observe the changes of DC morphology by scanning electro-microscopy, analyzed molecules on DC by FACS, examined the expression of IFN-? mRNA in DC by RT-PCR.The stimulatory capacity of DC to T cells detected by MLR their capacity of antigen present were measured by 3H-TdR mix into assay. Results: After IL-2 gene modification, the morphology of DC was changed, its pseudopod was more and longer. The expression of Ia, B7-1, B7-2 and CD40 molecules was more on DC surface. The IFN-7 mRNA was expressed in the DC-EL-2 and DC-rhIL-2.DC-IL-2 could stimulate allogeneic T cells more potently and IL-2 gene-modified DC could induce more potent antigen-specific autogeneic CTL. Cooclusioo: IL-2 genetic modification can promote DC growth and up regulate their expression of membrane immune molecules that are relevant for antigen presentation of DC,and enhanced the biologic activity of the DC.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of Doppler flow waveform of ductus venosus (DV) in screening of fetal cardiac malformation.Methods Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to study DV flow in 240 normal fetuses and 20 fetuses with cardiac malformation that were screened out from the high-risk fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD).Results ① The normal Doppler flow waveform of the DV was a characteristic triphasic pattern with forward flow during cardiac cycle,reflecting ventricular systole (S),ventricular diastole (D) and atrial systole (A).② In the group of 20 fetuses with cardiac malformation,eight had reverse flow and nine had decreased or absent flow during atrial contraction,the indices of the DV in fetuses with cardiac malformation were higher than those in gestational age-matched normal fetuses ( P

Objective To evaluate the improvement of cone beam CT (CBCT) image quality by using bewtie filter (F_1) and water calibration. Methods First the multi-level gain calibration of the detector panel with the method of Cal_2 calibration was performed, and the CT images of CATPHAN503 with F_0 and bowtic filter were collected, respectively. Then the detector panel using water calibration kit was calibrated, and images were acquired again. Finally, the change of image quality after using F_1 and (or) water calibration method was observed. The observed indexes included low contrast visibility, spatial uniformity, ring artifact, spatial resolution and geometric accuracy. Results Comparing with the traditional combination of F_0 filter and Cal_2 calibration, the combination of bowtie filter F_1 and water calibration improves low contrast visibility by 13.71%, and spatial uniformity by 54. 42%. Water calibration removes ring artifacts effectively. However, none of them improves spatial resolution and geometric accuracy. Conclusions The combination of F_1 and water calibration improves CBCT image quality effectively. This improvement is aid to the registration of CBCT images and localization images.

Objective To study the effect of p50 on IKKα at IL-1β promoter in LPS tolerant cells and to reveal the mechanism of the inhibition of IL-1β mRNA by pS0. Methods THP-1 human promono-cyte model of endotoxin tolerance that simulates the sepsis leukocyte phenotype was used. Chromatin immu-noprecipitation assay(CHIP) and real-time PCR were applied to quantify the binding of p50 and IKKα to IL-1βpromoter. IL-1β mRNA transcription was studied after knocking-down of p50 and/or IKKα. Results With LPS stimulation, p50 binding did not reduce but somewhat increased at IL-1β promoter in tolerant THP-1 cells. Knocking-down of p50 increased the transcription of IL-1β mRNA, which revealed the inhibi-tory effect of p50 in tolerant cells. In contrast, the accumulation of IKKα to IL-1β promoter decreased with LPS stimulation in tolerant cells; However, IKKα binding increased after p50 gene knock-down. In the meantime, IL-1β mRNA transcription increased; At last, IL-1β mRNA decreased again after double-knoc-king down of p50 and IKKα. Conclusion p50 is an inhibitory protein at IL-1β promoter in tolerant THP-1 cells. The unresponsiveness of IL-1β mRNA transcription to LPS at least partly results from the inhibition of IKKα binding to IL-1β promoter by p50.

Regarding the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after curative resection,surgeons do not have a clear consensus to evaluate the risk factors of recurrence and effectiveness of surgical resection.Therefore,postoperative HCC recurrence patterns were reviewed in this article,including differentiating intrahepatic metastasis (IM) and multicentric occurrence (MO),which play a key role in manifesting recurrence and patient prognosis.Additionally,the definitions of small HCC and curative resection,and the prophylactic and therapeutic values of anatomic resection and repeated hepatectomy in patients with recurrent HCC were reviewed.Fully understanding these issues might allow for a more objective,precise,and consistent clinical assessment of HCC.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases.Methods By searching in the major databases of CNKI,ISI Web of Knowledge,VIP Information and Pubmed,we collected data of randomized controlled trials pertaining to combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases.Results Twenty-five randomized controlled trials involving totally 3081 patients were collected according to the inclusion criteria,and meta-analysis of the data indicated that combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine can be of great value in the management of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases in comparison with exclusive use of Western medicine [combined odds ratio(OR)was 3.20 with 95% confidence interval(CI)(2.74,3.73),Z=14.85,P＜0.01].Conclusion The clinical evidence derived from the analysis suggests that the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases can be effective with good security.