Objective To investigate the risk factors for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke.Metbods The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale was used to screen the patients with cognitive impairment within 3 days after the onset of ischemic stroke.The patients were divided into either a cognitive impairment group or a non-cognitive impairment group according to the MMSE scores.Demographics,vascular risk factors,and clinical data were compared in both groups.The independent risks factor for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 202 patients with ischemic stroke were included in the study,in which 48 (23.8％) were in the cognitive impairment group.The proportions of age (66 ± 6 years vs.57 ± 5 years; t =2.231,P =0.038),previous diabetes (39.6％ vs. 18.2％ ; x2 =9.388,P =0.003 ),history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (39.6％ vs.20.8％;x2 =6.856,P=0.007),and the baseline National Institutes of Health Scale scores (11.8 ±2.4 vs,8.1 ± 1.9; t =2.046,P =0.043),as well as serum homocysteine (29.2± 7.8 μmol/L vs.19.9 ±6.5 μmol/L; t =2.781,P =0.008),uric acid (401.5 ± 51.1 μmol/L vs.312.4 ± 60.7 μmol/L; t =3.042,P=0.003),and C-reactive protein (18.4 ±5.2 μmol/L vs.11.3±4.2 μmol/L;t=2.903,P=0.004)levels in the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those in the non-cognitive impairment group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tha age (odds ratio [OR] 1.812,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.138 -3.205; P =0.039),history of diabetes (OR 2.520,95％ CI 1.854 -4.111; P =0.025),history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (OR 4.232,95％ CI 1.905 - 8.582; P =0.014),as well as the increased levels of serum homocysteine (OR 3.618,95％ CI 2.061 -6.312; P =0.018),uric acid (OR 2.179,95％ CI 1.654 - 3.836; P =0.031),and C-reactive protein (OR 2.716,95％ CI 1.507 - 5.552; P =0.022)were the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke.Conclusions The incidence of cognitive impairment after the onset of ischemic stroke was higher.The age and the history of stroke or transient ischemic attack and diabetes,as well as the increased levels of serum C-reactive protein,uric acid,and homocysteine were the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke.

Tne voxel-based morphometry(VBM)is a newly developed technique for brain morphometry in recent years.This article briefly expounds the concept,fundamental principle, advantages and disadvantages of VBM.It also reviews the preliminary applications of voxel-based morphometry in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer'S disease.

[Objective]To observe the curative effect of the Tangshen Particle on diabetes.[Methods] ICR mice were induced for diabetes by Alloxan intravenous injection,take Tangshen Particle and Xiaoke pill as the comparison group,observe each group’s glucose,lipid,renal index,urea,creatinine.[Results] The Tangshen Particle was able to decline glucose,lipid,renal index,urea,creatinine on diabetic mice,but the effect on high dose group was most obvious.[Conclusion] Tangshen Particle has good glucose-lowering and lipid-lowering effect on diabetic mice,and it has preventive and therapeutical effects on diabetic nephropathy .

The paper reviews introduction of standardized patient (SP) technique to Chinese medical education and its uses and experiences of applying multiple station examination of clinical skills (MSECS) at Jiujiang Medical College (now Jiujiang University Medical College). Authors state that SP's role-play of patient, instructor and evaluator is essential for the teaching and evaluation of clinical skills. The paper analyzes and describes phases of the SP technique development in China and its use in Clinical Diagnosis course and MSECS on graduation, as well as the establishment of Clinical Skills Laboratory (CSL) and its uses in MSECS. Contents and results of the MSECS are reported.

Objective To explore the changes of different echocardiographic indices in patients receiving catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation with different outcomes. Methods 75 patients received catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation during the period of January 2012 to February 2014. Before and 6 monthes after ablation , all the patients were examined left atrial volume index (LAVi), left atrium pressure (LAP), and left atrial ejection force (LAF) with echocardiography. Then after 6 months, according to the outcomes of the procedure, we divided the patients into two groups and compared the changes of these three parameters. Results In sinus group, LAVi decreased while LAF increased after treatment [LAVi: (29.3 ± 1.9) vs. (41.2 ± 9.3), LAF:(1.31 ± 0.61) (kg·cm)/s2 vs. (0.83 ± 0.22) (kg·cm)/s2, P < 0.05]; But LAP did not change [(55.7 ± 23.3)mmHg vs. (58.9 ± 18.6)mmHg, P > 0.05]; while in recurrent group, there were no changes in LAVi, LAP, and LAF after treatment (P > 0.05). Conclusions Radiofrequency catheter ablation is safe and effective in treatment of atrial fibrillation, resulting in significant improvements in left atrial volume and cardiac function.

Objective To investigate the preemptive analgesic effects of somato-visceral blockade in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods One hundred patients were randomly divided into four groups: Group A received peri-portal infiltration of 25 ml 0.25% bupivacaine (contained 1:200 000 epinephrine) before incision; Group B received intraperitoneal spray of 35ml 0.25% bupivacaine immediately after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum; Group C received the management of both Group A and Group B; Group D was control group without management. The extent and location of pain and nausea were recorded and assessed at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 postoperative hours, respectively. Results In the control group the incisional pain dominated over other pain locations within 24 hours postoperatively (P

Objective To improve the diagnosis and therapy of children angioimmunoblatic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) by analyzing the clinical parameters of AITL. Methods The clinical data of 6 patients with AITL in the recent 10 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main symptoms of AITL had fever,skin rash,general lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. The pahologic morphology of AITL was what was known as "Triad", the immunophenotype of both the T-cell and B-cell was positive, and B-cell's one was main. Conclusion AITL is high malignant, and only lymphaden biopsy could confirm the diagnosis of AITL. Its prognosis is variable in different patients. The discrepancy of prognosis between children and adults is worthy of study, and individualized therapy of AITL must be adopted.

Objective:To investigate the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in urine exfoliated cells of benign and malignant urothelial diseases, in an attempt to evaluate the role of detecting hTERT gene expression in cytologic diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma. Methods: The expressions of hTERT gene were detected by immunocytochemistry staining in 54 patients with transitional cell carcinoma(25 cases with grade Ⅰ, 26 with grade Ⅱ and 13 with grade Ⅲ) and 20 controls, including 10 patients with urinary tract stone and 10 healthy volunteers. The urine exfoliative cells of both groups were also stained by H-E and the results were compared with those of immunocytochemistry.Results: hTERT was detected in 74.1% (40/54) of patients with transitional cell carcinoma and in 5%(1/20) of the controls (P

In this experiment, we studied the effects of rhIL-3, rhlFN-r and DMSO on the growth and differentiation of the human leukemia cell line HL-60. The results showed that three agents were capable of suppressing the proliferation of the HL-60 cells and inducing terminal differentiation of the cells, with the exception of early augmentation of the cell growth by the rhIL-3. The differentiation effect was most obvious in DMSO treated cells, then in rhIL-3 and least in rhIFN-r The enhanced effects occurred when the HL-60 cells were treated in combination with DMSO and rhIL-3 or rhIFN-r

In this study, several physiological factors were studied for their effects on the growth and differentiation of U937 cells in vitro .The results showed that (1)rhTNF-?,PHA-LCM and c-RA exerted a dose and time-dependent suppression of proliferation of U937 cells; (2) the synergistic effect oc-cured when rhTNF-? was combined with c-RA in the cell culture; and (3)rhIL-1-? augmented the differentiation of U937 cells induced by c-RA though it had no effect on the cell line by itself. According to the [3H]-TdR incorporation, it can be concluded that the reduction of DNA synthesis of U917 cells by rhTNF-? ,PHA-LCM,and c-RA is attributed to the inhibition of the growth. The results might have clinical significance in the induction of differentiation of leukemia cells.