Acute ischemic stroke is a common disease serevely threatening the public health. The main management involves intravenous thrombolysis, intra-arterial thrombolysis and mechanical embolectomy. Recently, endovascular mechanical embolectomy is attracted more attention because it provides a good outcome for patients either ineligible not responsible for IV thrombolytic therapy. The article reviews the relative aspects with summerization in this field.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between 592C/A and-819C/T of interleukin-10 gene polymorphism in patients with immediate ?-lactam drug allergy in Chinese Han population.METHODS The genotype and allele frequency of interleukin-10 gene were studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)in 44 Chinese Han patients with evidence of immediate ?-lactam drug allergy and 44 controls subjects.They all matched for sex and atopy,the production was investigated by sequence analysis.RESULTS Our analysis did reveal differences in the distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)between female allergic patients and controls.Among allergy subjects,we found two distinct significant associations between immediate drug allergy women and two linked IL-10 promoter genes polymorphism,-592C/A and-819C/T(P

Objective To describe the morphological characteristics of Porocephalus taiwana sp. nov., discuss its pathogenic features and the method of etiological diagnosis of the new disease. Methods Fecal sedimentation concentration was used to collect nymphs from the patient's watery stool for species identification. Clinical information was collected for determining the pathogenic features of the new infection. Results A new pathogenic pentastomid Porocephalus taiwana sp. nov. is discovered and a new disease-porocephaliasis taiwana-is nominated. With the findings from this case it is proposed that the traditional visceral pentastomiasis should be divided into two subtypes, Encystic and Excystic. According to the pathological features, this case belongs to the excystic visceral pentastomiasis. Conclusion Porocephalus taiwana sp. nov. is a new pathogenic pentastomid infecting humans. Porocephaliais taiwana belongs to a novel type (excystic) of visceral pentastomiasis.

To observe the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in rats with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) induced by bleomycin, and to explore the mechanisms of Shenlong Decoction in preventing and treating PF.

[ Objective ] To investigate the decisive factor of syndrome differentiation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) , so as to provide its experimental evidence. [Methods] Serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in SLE patients with yin deficiency of the liver and kidney (group B) and with excessive toxic heat (group C) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . Serum levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in SLE patients were compared with those in healthy volunteers (group A). Relationship of serum C-reaction protein (CRP), complement 3 ( C3) and complement 4 (C4) with sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 as well as relationship between sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in SLE patients were observed. [ Results ] Serum levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in groups B and C were higher than those of group A ( P

Objective To identify the imbalance of T cell-specific transcription factors T-bet/GATA-3,and to explore the modulation with dexamethasone and imiquimod in CD4+T cells from ovalbumin (OVA)sensitized mice.Methods CD4+T cells were obtained fromsingled-cell suspension of spleen(after lysis of RBC).ELISA assay was used to detect the concentrations of IL-4,IL-5 and IFN-γin superna tants and cell pellets,and the expression of T-bet and GATA-3 was detected by Western blot.Resuits In the control group,tIle low levels of IFN-γ were detected in the supernatants during 24 h.In OVA treatment group,the concentrations of IL-4,IL-5 were increased significantly,and the concentrations of IFN-γ were always low in the supernatants.In the dexamethasone treatment group,the concentrations of IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-5 were all low in the supernatants during 24 h.In the imiquimod treatment group,the concentrations of IFN-γ were increased significantly,and the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-5 were decreased in the super natants.It worked at 6 h,and achieved the peak at 12 h,lasted over 24 h.In the control group,the expres sions of T-bet and GATA-3 were detected in CD4+T cells during 24 h.In OVA treatment group,the expressions of T-bet were decreased,and that of GATA-3 were increased rapidly in CD4+T cells.In dexam ethasone treatment group,the expressions of T-bet were always low in CD4+T cells,and that ofGATA-3 were no change during 24 h.In imiquimod treatment group,the expressions of T-bet were increased,andthat of GATA-3 were decreased in CD4+T cells.The protein expressions worked at 6 h.and achieved the peak at 12 h,lasted over 24 h.Conclusion The imbalance T cell-specific transcription factors T-bet/GA-TA-3 contributes to both high expression of GATA-3 and low expression of T-bet in CD4+T cells from OVA sensitized mice.Dexamethasone treatment inhibits the expression of T-bet in CD4+T cells and has no func tion in GATA-3.Imiquimod treatment modulates key master switches GATA-3 and T-bet that results in com mitting T helper cell to a TH 1 phenotype and imiquimod may play a key role in the regulation of TH2 cytokine responses in asthma.

In the present research, two Chinese rhesus monkeys were inoculated intravenously with 5000 TCID50 of SIVmac239. The changes in the numbers of CD4+T lymphocyte in peripheral blood,plasma viral loads, proviral DNA and humoral antibodies against virus were periodically monitored during 121 days. At the early stage of infection, proviral DNA had been detected in PBMCs, and infectious SIVmac239 virus had been isolated from PBMCs. At the same period, the numbers of CD4+T lymphocytes were significantly decreased, and maintained at low level during the 121-day period of infection. Plasma viral loads reached the peak at week 2 post-inoculation and kept at a steady state subsequently. Moreover, antibodies against viral proteins were detected from plasma. All the results showed that the two Chinese rhesus monkeys had been infected with SIVmac239 successfully. This animal model can be applied for further AIDS researches.

Objective To investigate the role of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T lymphocyte(Tregs)in the immunological pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.Methods Twenty-six rats were divided into two groups:control group(6 rats)and model group(twenty rats).The rat model of liver fibrosis was induced bv subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride(CCl4).The serums were collected for detection of hepatic function and fibrosis parameters.Hepatic tissue samples were used to observe the histopathological changes.The flow cytometry was used to detect the proportions of Tregs in both peripheral blood and spleen.The data were evaluated by t-test.The relationship between two variables was analyzed using Pearson linear correlation.Results The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly increased,but the level of serum albumin (Alb) was obviously decreased.The concentrations of serum hyaluronic acid (HA),procollagen type Ⅲ(PCⅢ),collagen type Ⅳ(CⅣ)of the model group increased to(177.42±61.25)μg/L,(34.86±7.47)μg/L and(7.32±3.71)μg/L,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group(t=-3.670,-5.661,-3.950,respectively;all P<0.01).In model group,hepatic lobules were full of collagen fibers and the hepatic pseudolobule formation was observed.The proportion of peripheral blood Tregs in CD4+ T lymphocyte in liver fibrosis model was(7.41±2.15)%,which was significantly lower than that in control group(12.88±2.93)%(t=3.752,P<0.01).Furthermore,the frequency of Tregs in spleen of the model group was(9.49±1.16)%,which was also significantly lower than that in control group(13.16±2.36)%(t=2.793,P<0.05).In addition,the levels of serum ALT,AST and fibrosis parameters were inverselv correlated with the frequency of Tregs in spleens and peripheral blood(ALT and Tregs in blood:r=-0.727,AST and Tregs in blood:r=-0.698,ALT and Tregs in spleen:r=-0.663,AST and Tregs in spleen:r=-0.535,HA and Tregs in blood:r=-0.719,PCⅢ and Tregs in blood:r=-0.558,CⅣ and Tregs in blood:r=-0.792,HA and Tregs in spleen:,r=-0.424,PCⅢ and Tregs in spleen:r=-0.685,CⅣ and Tregs in spleen:r=-0.506;all P<0.05).However,the linear correlations between serum Alb and Tregs in spleens and peripheral bloods were not observed(r=0.423,0.372,respectively,both P>0.05).Conclusion These findings suggest that the reduction of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs probably play an important role in the immunological pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.

Objective To compare the effect of anterior and superior reconstruction plate internal fixation in treatment of middle clavicular fractures in the old patients.Methods Thirty-nine old patients with middle clavicular fractures received anterior and superior reconstruction plate internal fixation treatment,respectively.There were 19 males and 20 females at average age of 66.7 years.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss and healing time were observed and compared in two groups.According to the Constant scoring system,shoulder functional evaluation was made at half a year after operation and the latest follow-up.Results All the patients were followed up for 10-32 months (average 18.7 months).Of the two groups,there was no statistical significance in aspects of healing time and Constant score at half a year after operation and the latest follow-up ( P ＞0.05 ).The complication of superior reconstruction plate internal fixation group was significant higher than that of anterior reconstruction plate internal fixation group,while the anterior reconstruction plate internal fixation group had shorter operation time and less intraoperative blood loss in comparison with the superior reconstruction plate internal fixation group ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion As for the middle clavicular fractures in the old patients,both anterior and superior reconstruction plate internal fixation can obtain satisfactory curative effect.With shorter operation time,less intraoperative bleeding and less complications,anterior reconstruction plate internal fixation is a much reliable treatment for middle clavicle fractures in the old patients and deserves wider application.

Objective To study the protective role of ulinastatin in acute liver failure (ALF) and the effect on the expression of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1).Methods Sixty-six S-D rats were divided into three groups:control group,ALF group (model group) and ulinastatin group (intervention group).The rat model of ALF was induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (D-Gal) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected dynamically after 6,12,24,36 and 48 h injection.HO-1 mRNA expression in liver tissue was determined by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the expression of HO-1 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry.The differences among multiple groups were compared by univariate ANOVA and pairwise comparison was done by least significant difference (LSD). Results D-Gal/LPS injections successfully induced ALF rat model which presented with elevated levels of serum ALT,AST and liver MDA after 6 h injections (F=23.864,38.446,18.051,respectively,all P＜0.01),and peaked at 12-24 h after injections.Twenty-four hours after D-Gal/LPS treatment,the levels of serum ALT,AST and MDA in model group and intervention group were (8 346.7±1 363.1) U/L vs(4 151.3±970.0) U/L,(9 766.7±1.274.1) U/L vs (4 696.7±1 476.9) U/L,(8.34±1.13)μmol/g vs (4.66±0.91 ) μmol/g,respectively,which were significantly higher than those e (24.0±2.0) U/L,(82.3±16.9) U/L,(2.55±0.22) μmol/g,respectively] in control group (F=55.684,55.501,47.843,respectively,all P＜0.01);while those in intervention group were much lower than those in model group (P＜0.01).The expressions of HO-1 mRNA and protein in model group were significantly increased than those in control group (P＜0.01),while those in intervention group were even higher (P＜0.01).Conclusion Ulinastain could up-regulate the expressions of HO-1 mRNA and protein,which indicates that ulinastain may play anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory roles in ALF through HO-1 pathway.