The performance evaluation of science and technology management personnels could stimulate their enthusiasm and advance the development of science.In this article,a 3-dimensional model was set up based on the evaluating criteria,the evaluating objects & the familiarity between the appraiser and the objects,which was simplified from several complicated factors necessary in the process of evaluation.Compared with the traditional methods,this 3D model sheds more light on choosing the critical factors,which helps improve the accuracy and rationality of scientific evaluation.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of PGE1 therapy for survival and incidence of complications in patients with liver failure.Methods MEDLINE,EMBASE.com,Cochrane Controlled Register and CBMdisc were searched.Randomized controlled trials of PGE1 therapy for liver failure were collected and reviewed.The quality of articles was evaluated and data was extracted from it.The odds ratio for death and complications among the patients with PGE1 therapy as well as the blank controls was calculated at the end of therapy.The results of meta-analysis were assessed according to sensitivity and bias.RevMan4.2 was applied to process the data.Results The results of meta-analysis showed that PGE1 reduced the case-fatality ratio of liver failure [OR=0.30,95%CI(0.23～0.37)] and the risk difference was decreased 29% in PGE1 patients compared with the blank controls.And there was statistical significance in PGE1 reducing the incidence of hepatorenal syndrome,but occurance of the complieations such as hepatic encephalopathy,bleeding,infection etc.These results were not reversed in the analysis of sensitivity,and the analysis of bias showed little bias of them.Conclusions PGE1 can reduce the case-fatality ratio of liver failure and the incidence of hepatorenal syndrome.The accuracy of the results are low due to the poor quality of the included trials.Thus, the effect of PGE1 on liver failure needs to be further evaluated through randomized controlled trials of high quality to be carried out in multicenter and large samples.

To observe whether there is an interaction between hepatitis virus B (HBV) and tumor suppressor p53, plasmid PCMVp53 was transfected or cotransfected with pCMVHBV a (wild type HBV) or PCMVHBV b (mutation type HBV) into the hepatoma cell line 7721 by phosphate calcium precipitation. Apoptosis cells were labeled by annexin Ⅴ FITC and detected by flow cytometry. Another experiment was performed by cotransfecting the cells with reporter plasmid p21 luc in each group mentioned above, then the luciferase activity was measured. The results showed that the cells transfected by pCMVp53 alone exhibited high luciferase activity and high apoptosis rate. Meanwhile, the luciferase activity and apoptosis rate were further higher in cells cotransfected by pCMVp53 and PCMVHBV a , but remained unchanged in cells cotransfected by PCMVp53 and PCMVHBV b. The results indicated that P53 could induce of 7721 cell apoptosis by activating p21 transcription, and such effect could be enhanced by HBV.

Objective To study the risk factors for ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in ICU and pathogens antimicrobial resistance.Methods 220 patients were selected and divided into observation group (88 patients) and control group(132 patients) depending on whetherhe has VAP or not.The clinical data were reviewed to explore the risk factors.And the secretions of respiratory tract were investigated by the routine bacterial culture and drag-resistance methods to analysis the distribution of pathogens.Results The risk factors associated with VAP were COPD,mechanical ventilation,the extensive use of antibiotics,age ＞ 60 years,APACHEII score ＞ 30(P ＜ 0.01).157 bacterial were cultured,68.9％ of pathogens was Gram-negative bacteria in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was rated as the top one,and 26.1％ of pathogens was Gram-positive bacteria in which MRSA was the majority.The results of the antibiotic resistance monitoring indicated that all Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria showed high drugresistance to common antibiotics.Conclusion We should control these risk factors which are closely related to VAP,and select suitable antibiotics on the basis of etiological analysis and drug-resistance.

Objective:To evaluate the cough-settling, phlegm-dispelling and panting-calming actions of Ginkgo Distillate. Methods: The cough-settling and phlegm-dispelling effects were observed on the ammonia water-induced cough model of mice and phenol red expectoration method. The panting-calming effect was observed by wheezing and panting incubation period and relaxation test of isolated tracheal smooth muscle. Results: Ginkgo Distillate could inhibit mouse cough induced by ammonia water, promote mouse tracheal expectoration induced by phenol red, remit the wheezing and panting induced by histamine phosphate, prolong the wheezing and panting incubation period. It also possessed the inhibition on guinea pig tracheal contraction induced by histamine phosphate. Conclusions: Ginkgo Distillate has the cough-settling, phlegm-dispelling and panting-calming actions.

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacological actions on blood quickening and stasistransforming of Gongqing Granules (Herba Leonuri, Herba Portulacae, Pollen Typhae, etc).Methods:Fibrinolysin dissolving, blood stagnation model induced by adrenaline hydrochloride, natural bleeding, capillary coagulation.Results: Gongqing Granules could obviously increase whole blood and plasma viscosities and packed cell volume, and obviously shorten the time of fibrionolysin dissolving. It showed no evident effect on the time of bleeding in mice and could shorten the time of capllary blood coagulation in rats.Conclusion: Gongqing Granules has strong actions of blood quickening and stasis transforming.

The scientific research management is one of the critical factors to build up the innovative system of scientific research.There are two modes of scientific research management:self-organization and hetero-organization.The serf-organization management,which follows the rules of science development,is the precondition to advance the scientific research,it is also necessary to implement the hetero-organization in right time and right place.The management should conduct more investigation into the nature of scientific research,put the service on the important role and finally speed up the reforming of science research management mechanism.

Objectives To explore the nutritional status of fatty acids in the newborn and their mother, and the role of the placenta in fetal nutrition. Methods The composition of fatty acids in blood, placenta, and neonatal umbilical cord blood were determined and analyzed by gas chromatography in 20 normal pregnant women. Results In 20 pregnant women in the study, average age was 27.0±4.5 years, the average gestational age of their newborns was 38.0±3.0 weeks, the average birth weight of newborns was 3320±127 g. There were 18 types of fatty acids in maternal blood, umbilical cord and placenta, including saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The total fatty acid content in maternal blood (3.51±0.57 g/L) was 5 times higher than that in umbilical cord blood (0.74±0.18 g/L), and there was statistically difference (P<0.05). The content of linoleic acid (LA) in maternal blood was higher than that in umbilical cord blood and placenta; the content of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexenoic acid (DHA) in placenta was significantly higher than that in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood; and the content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in umbilical cord blood was higher than that in maternal blood and placenta. All differences were significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Mothers preferentially transport long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (AA and DHA) through the placenta to meet the needs of fetal and neonatal growth and development.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Large amounts of data have shown that Chinese herbal monomer has a neuroprotective effect, and can improve the quality of life in stroke patients with cerebral nervous system injury. Nuclear-factor-erythroid 2-related (Nrf2) factor has neuroprotective effect on hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, which is an important way to reverse the damage of nervous system through the natural non-toxic Chinese herbs or composition, but it is rarely reported systemicaly. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the neuroprotective effect of Chinese herbal monomersvia the Nrf2 signal pathway in stroke patients. METHODS:The first author retrieved the CNKI, VIP, Medline, and PubMed databases by computer. The keywords were “Nrf2, ARE, stroke, traditional Chinese medicine, neuroprotection” in Chinese and English,respectively. Articles concerning the neuroprotective role of Chinese herbal monomervia Nrf2 were analyzed and discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totaly 85 articles were retrieved. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 46 articles were included in result analysis. The results show that a variety of monomers can exert neuroprotective effectsvia the Nrf2 pathway. Chinese herbal monomers include organic acids, phenols, saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, and other single or composite components. Traditional Chinese medicine has the clear neuroprotective effect after stroke, but it is lack of regularity, and it is stil need to expand the data and further research as the basis.

BACKGROUND:The therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese drug on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion has been increasingly attached importance to. The tongxinluo, a Chinese paten drug taking insect medicine as its major gradients, has been achieved satisfactory effect in anti-myocardial ischemia clinicallyOBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of tongxinluo on myocardial apoptosis induced by ischemic reperfusion.DESIGN:A randomized controlled trialSETTING: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityMATERIALS:The experiment was conducted from November to December 2002 at the Molecular Medicine Research Center of Sun Yat-sen University.METHODS:Totally 72 Kunming mice were at random divided into 6groups with 12 in each group: 2 g/kg tongxinluo, 1.5 g/kg tongxinluo, 1.0g/kg tongxinluo group (The mice were administrated by gavage, once a day, on the day 5, one hour after administration, pituitrin and nitroglycerin were in combination used for building the myocardial ischemic reperfusion model), isosorbide dinitrade group (The dose was 3.9 g/kg, and the rest treatment was the same as the above), model group and blank control group(Normal saline was taken as substitute for the drug). At the end of trial the myocardia of the mice were taken for investigating the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of myocardia in mice with ischemic reperfusion, analyzing the myocardial apoptosis index, and determining the expression levels of apoptosis-relevant proteins bcl-2 and bax.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: [1] Comparison of SOD activity and MDA level in mice of each group. [2] Comparison of myocardial apoptosis and apoptosis relevant proteins.RESULTS:Totally 72 mice involved were good for the trial and no one died. [1] SOD activity and MDA level: Compared with the model and isosorbide dinitrade groups, SOD activity in 2 g/kg tongxinluo, 1.5 g/kg tongxinluo, 1.0 g/kg tongxinluo group was increased [( 1379.28±140.03 ),(1223.91 ±109.02), (1789.19 ±155.20), (2267.79 ±216.04), (2387.55±229.71 )nkat/L]; MDA level was decreased [(16.58±2.59), (20.40±2.66),(12.73±1.98), (9.65±2.03), (7.56±1.67)nmol/L], and the effect was increased as the dose was raised [2] myocardial apoptosis and apoptosis relevant proteins: Compared with the model and isosorbide dinitrade groups, the myocardial apoptosis index and Bax expression index in 2 g/kg tongxinluo,1.5 g/kg tongxinluo, 1.0 g/kg tongxinluo group were obviously decreased[(13.84±1.97)%, (11.56±1.43 )%, ( 334±0.96)%, (0.82±0.12 )%, (0.42±0.06)%;(17.44±6.18)%, (15.45±3.72)%, (10.85±2.73)%, (6.46±1.88)%, (5.57±1.49)% ]; Bcl-2 expression index was obviously increased [(6.22±0.50)%, (8.73 ±0.63)%, (11.38 ±1.38)%, (16.22 ±2.36)%, (19.45±2.92)%], and with a dose-effect relationship.CONCLUSION:Tangible capsule had the effects of. resisting oxygen free radical injury, anti-myocardial apoptosis and protecting ischemic reperfusion myocardial cells, and with a dose dependence.