Objective　To study the clinical application of MRI in neonatal asphyxia.Methods　There were twenty-two cases of full term infants(≤one year old),they all had asphyxia during delivery.Transverse section on TSE T2-weighted,TSE T1-weighted and FLAIR sequences,and sagittal section on TSE T2-weighted were obtained on MRI.Results　The abnormal signal intensity in white matter on MRI were found in 15 cases.The volume of white matter was decreased in three cases.Subarachnoid spaces of frontal and temporal lobe were enlarged in two cases.Two cases were normal on MRI.Conclusion　We believed that the changes of the white matter of brain in neonatal asphyxia can be showed on MRI,it is of important significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To discuss magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scanning technology for ankle joint and its clinical value.Methods 42 cases of ankle joint trauma were examined with MRI using GPFLX coil.It was performed through sagittal T2WI,T2WI F/S,T1WI;coronal T2WI;axial T2WI.FOV was big enough for the whole trauma ankle joint.To make image clear,some soft materials should be placed between the trauma ankle joint and the GPFLX coil.The injured ankle joint was not allowed to move.The technology of No Phase Wrap is also necessary.Results The high quality rate was up to 90% for the ankle joint.Among 42 cases,6 had traumatic arthritis,14 had ankle joint contusion,9 had Achilles tendon rupture,6 had other structural injuries,4 had late degenerative change,and 3 had normal images.Conclusion MRI is a sensitive technique for injured ankle joint.It can accurately show the degree and location of ankle joint trauma.It has an important clinical significance in finding bone contusion and other structural injuries,and it is very helpful for treatment.

Transcriptomics studies the variety, structure, function and regulation of all transcripts in a given cell and in a given time. It provides a novel procedure for revealing the molecular mechanism and regulatory network of different development stages of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The progress of isolation, identification and function study of tumor susceptibility/suppressor gene, gene transcription profiling and transcription regulatory networks have been introduced.

In order to provide morphological data and theoretical basis for pig-to-human hepatic xenotransplantation, the difference in morphological parameters and vessel wall structural factors between human and porcine hepatic portal vein was studied. From human subjects and pigs of varying ages, hepatic portal veins were collected, paraffin-embedded and cut into sections. The histological structures were stained with HE, and elastin, collagen and smooth muscles were stained with Weigert, Aniline blue and orange G, respectively. Morphological parameters and relative contents of structural components were determined under microscopy and by computer image analysis system, respectively. The results showed that histological structures of human and porcine hepatic portal vein wall were similar. Caliber, wall thickness, lumen and wall area in pigs increased with age, all in linear correlation to months. Morphological parameters of 6- month-old pigs were similar to those of human. In pigs, collagen content increased gradually with months, elastin content remained relatively stable, smooth muscle content reached the peak at the 3rd month, and collagen/elastin (C/E) rose gradually. The contents of collagen and elastin in porcine hepatic portal vein wall were lower, while the content of smooth muscle was higher than in human, and C/E at the 5th and 6th month was similar to that in human. It is concluded that morphological parameters and contents of structural components of porcine hepatic portal vein vary with age. At the 6 month, its caliber, wall thickness, lumen and wall area are similar to those of human. There are differences in contents of structural components between human and pigs. However, in terms of C/E, mechanic properties of pigs at the 5th and 6th month mimic those of human, hence inosculation is viable in xenotrans-plantation between pigs and human.
Collagen/*analysis ; Elastin/*analysis ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Liver Transplantation ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology ; Portal Vein/*anatomy & histology ; Portal Vein/chemistry ; Swine ; Transplantation, Heterologous

The patient was a 38-year woman.Six years prior to presentation,she developed erythema and papules with occasional pruritus in both labium majora,which gradually confluenced into plaques with the formation of superficial erosion and ulcer;extension into the vulva and crissum occurred later.Half a year prior to presentation,a subcutaneous firm nodule measuring about 1.5cm in diameter with intact epidermis,developed on the right submaxilla,associated with mild swelling in the area;the nodule enlarged gradually.A subcutaneous induration measuring 0.5 cm in diameter was observed in the left chin 2 months later.She also reported a 20-year history of dry eye and dry mouth.The patient tested postive for antinuclear antibody cally,there was a focal infiltration of lymphocytes in tissue of minor salivary glands.The pathology of lesions on the right labium majus showed a dense dermal infiltration with S100-and CD1a-positive,irregulady-shaped histiocyte-like cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and few mitotic figures.Needle biopsy of the right submaxilla area showed tumor cells.A diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Sj(o)gren syndrome was made based on clinical manifestation,laboratory findings and histopathological features.Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide,vincristine,corticosteroids and etoposide resulted in clinical improvement.

BACKGROUND: The source of conspecific heart transplantation organ is very limited and deficiency becomes more and more obvious.OBJECTIVE: To observe the mechanical properties of ascending aorta at one-dimensional loading between healthy persons and swine of different months, so as to provide necessary biomechanical experimental basis for anastomosing blood vessel in heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human.DESIGN: Open design SETTING: Staff Room of Anatomy, Yunyang Medical College MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Biomechanics, Yunyang Medical College from April 2002 to July 2003.Ascending aortas of human were obtained from the 6 adult male corpses without cardiovascular diseases, aged 18 to 30 years, who died for accident and donated by Yunyang Medical College. Totally 42 conspecific swine of 1 month old, with certification number of QN0202, were provided by Animal Experimental Center of Yunyang Medical College. They were raised with common foodstuff. The 42 swine were butchered respectively at 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 months, 6 swine once. After anatomical isolation and in situ measurement of respective in vivo length, ascending aorta from aorta valve ring base plane to initiation part of innominate artery was taken out (Artherosclerosis was not presented in all the samples) and divided into five equal segments, and the second and fourth segments were used for mechanical test of one-dimensional loading.METHODS: Six adult male corpses and ascending aorta of 42 swine of 1 to 7 months were performed mechanical test of one-dimensional loading.All the blood segments were pre-treated ten times with the same strain rate at room temperature 32 ℃(loading range from 0 to 0.5 N). Hysteresis disappeared after blood vessel was given periodic permanent loading and unloading, and repeated force-deformed data were obtained. Blood vessel was given loading and unloading once with the same loading range and strain rate. The recorded force-deformed data were used for computer analysis. Force and displacement were scaled with standard weight and percentage scale at the end of each time. Constant α and elastic modulus Dt/dλ were fitted from experimental data.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of the mechanical characteristic constant of ascending aorta at one-dimensional loading be tween human and swine of different months. ② Comparison of elastic mod ulus of ascending aorta at one -dimensional loading between human and swine of different months .RESULTS: ① Comparison of the mechanical characteristic constant of ascending aorta at one-dimensional loading between human and swine of different months: With the increase of month, although the material con stant of blood vessel of swine had a little increase, there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). The mechanical material constant of ascending aorta at one-dimensional loading of human was basically familiar to that of swine of 1 to 7 months (P ＞ 0.05). ② Comparison of elastic modulus of ascend ing aorta at one -dimensional loading between human and swine of differ ent months: With the increase of months, elastic modulus of ascending aorta was significantly increased in swine of 7 months old in comparison with that in other months old (P ＜ 0.05); there was no significant difference of elastic modulus of corresponding blood vessel between human and swine of different months (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference in mechanical characteristic constant and elastic modulus of ascending aorta between human and swine of 1 to 7 months. Mechanical characteristics of corresponding blood vessel were similar in some segments at least. From the mechanical angle, anastomosis of corresponding ascending aorta in the process of heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human has certain feasibility.

BACKGROUND: Due to the source of conspecific heart transplanted organ is limited and it becomes more and more deficient, and porcine cardiovascular system and haemodynamics are very similar to that of human being, therefore, domestic and foreign scholars have paid more attention on the heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human, and there are more and more basic studies about it.OBJECTIVE: To compare the zero-stress state of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk between swine of different months and healthy persons, which provides necessary vascular tissue reconstruction basis for anastomosing vessel of heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human being.DESIGN: Open experiment.SETTING: Laboratory of Biomechanics, Yunyang Medical College.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Biomechanics, Yunyang Medical College from October 2001 to September 2002. Human heart specimens were chosen from 6 male adult corpses who had no visible manifestation of cardiovascular diseases, aged 18 to 30 years. Informed consents were obtained from all the relatives. Totally 42 conspecific swine, aged one month, were also chosen and divided into 7 groups, named as 1,2,3,4,5,6 and ＞ 6 months groups respectively, with 6 in each group. Swine were anesthetized at 1,2,3,4,5,6,＞ 6 months respectively and sacrificed in each group.METHODS: The corresponding ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk were dissected and isolated. Each arterial anterior wall was labeled in situ with coloring pen, and then artery was shifted into the oxygen-saturated Kreb's solution. Five isometric vascular rings were divided along the axial direction, then each vascular ring was cut open along the radial direction. Opening angle of each vascular ring at zerostress state was measured and recorded by computer 20 minutes later(The included angel formed through connecting the middle point of inner wall of open vascular plane and two end points of inner wall). The experiment was conducted at room temperature 20-30 ℃. All the procedures of vascular samples were performed within 24 hours after subjects died.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measuring results of opening angle of ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk at zero-stress state of swine at different months and human being.RESULTS: ①Comparison of measuring results of opening angle of ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk between swine at different months and human being: Opening angle of ascending aorta of human being increased from (100.4±12.8)°at proximal end to (152.8±18.6)°at distal end. Opening angle of swine at different months increased from about 68°at proximal end to about 130°at distal end; Opening angel of pulmonary artery trunk of human being did not changed significantly along axial direction, and opening angel of pulmonary artery trunk of swine at different months increased from about 65° at proximal end to about 125°at distal end. There was significant difference of opening angle of ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk at zero-stress state between human being and swine (P=0.028 ＜ 0.05).But the opening angle of ascending aorta of human being was similar at the second segment to at the fourth and fifth segments of swine of different ages; Opening angle of each segment of pulmonary artery trunk of human being was close to that of proximal end (first and second segments) ofpulmonary artery trunk of swine.② Comparison of measuring results of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk at zero-stress state of swine at different months: Opening angle of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk of swine did not changed with the increase of age (P=-0.063 ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Opening angels of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk at zero-stress state are close in some segments between human being and swine, suggesting that corresponding ascending aorta or pulmonary artery trunk can mutually anastomose in some segments in the heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human, and the effect of age is not significant in vascular reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of butylphthalide on the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by Aβ1-42 and its mechanism. METHODS:HUVECs were divided into normal control group,Aβ1-42 group,TAK242 group(10 nmol/L),DMSO group(1‰DMSO)and butylphthalide low-concentration,medium-concentration and high-concentration groups (40,80,160 μg/L). Except for normal control group and DMSO group,other groups were given 50 μmol/L Aβ1-42 to culture HUVECs for 24 h. TAK242 group,DMSO group and butylphthalide low-concentration,medium-concentra-tion and high-concentration groups were given relevant concentration of drugs for 30 min,with 3 holes for each concentration. The cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay;cell apoptosis was observed by Hochest 33342/PI double staining;the cell apoptotic rate was detected by AnnexinⅤ-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) flow cytometry;the protein expression of TLR-4 and COX-2 were determined by Western blot assay;the contents of IL-1 and TNF-α were detected by ELISA. RESULTS:Compared with nor-mal control group,cell viability of HUVECs were decreased in Aβ1-42 group;while apoptotic rate,protein expression of TLR4 and COX-2,the contents of IL-1 and TNF-α were increased. Compared with Aβ1-42 group,cell viability of HUVECs were increased in TAK242 group and butylphthalide low-concentration,medium-concentration and high-concentration groups;while apoptotic rate, protein expression of TLR4 and COX-2,the contents of IL-1 and TNF-α were decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Butylphthalide can reduce HUVECs apoptosis induced by Aβ1-42,which may be related with inhibiting the expression of TLR4,COX-2 and inflammatory factors.

Objective To summarize the clinical features,treatment and prognosis of infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma(IHHE) combined with congestive heart failure(CHF) in children.Methods A retrospective analysis was made with the clinical data from 4 children with IHHE combined with CHF in Department of Pediatric Cardiology,Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center of Guangzhou Medical University from May 2013 to December 2015.Results Among 4 infants,there were 3 male and 1 female,mean aged of 109 days (21-219 days),the average weight of 4 350 g (2 750-6 500 g),and 1 case was admitted because of abdominal swelling and respiratory distress,1 case of abdominal swelling,jaundice,shortness of breath admission,1 case of fever and shortness of breath admission,and 1 case of cyanosis and shortness of breath admission.Two patients were associated with hemangioma and Kasabach-Merritt syndrome.Three cases had multiple liver hemangioma scattered in the left lobe and right lobe of the liver,and 1 case had solitary liver hemangioma scattered in the right lobe.Tumor size diameters were ranged from 2-10 mm.Four children had been used Prednisone [1-2 mg/(kg · d)] and Digoxin,Dopamine,Furosemide,Spironolactone.Two cases responsed well to the therapy and were followed up for 2 years or 1 year and 6 months respectively,whose heart size,heart function and pulmonary hypertension became normal.One case with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome responsed poorly to the therapy.Two cases experienced transcatheter hepatic arteriovenous fistula embolization by using coil occlusion of hepatic artery-venous fistula.The postoperative hepatic tumor volume was significantly decreased,and the heart function was improved.One patient was followed up for 1 year and 6 months,and the heart size,pulmonary hypertension and heart function returned to normal.One case was still under follow-up.One case with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome died from heart failure and severe infection before surgery.The mortality rate was 25％ (1/4 cases).Conclusions IHHE is a rare cause of CHF in children.If heart failure is found unexplained in children,abdominal ultrasound or CT examination should be done immediatey in order to confirm the presence or absence of IHHE.The mortality rate in IHHE associated with CHF is very high.Early identification,early intervention,especially Prednisone combined with transcatheter hepatic arteriovenous fistula embolization can significantly improve heart function,reduce the mortality and improve the prognosis of IHHE associated with CHF in children.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Large amounts of data have shown that Chinese herbal monomer has a neuroprotective effect, and can improve the quality of life in stroke patients with cerebral nervous system injury. Nuclear-factor-erythroid 2-related (Nrf2) factor has neuroprotective effect on hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, which is an important way to reverse the damage of nervous system through the natural non-toxic Chinese herbs or composition, but it is rarely reported systemicaly. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the neuroprotective effect of Chinese herbal monomersvia the Nrf2 signal pathway in stroke patients. METHODS:The first author retrieved the CNKI, VIP, Medline, and PubMed databases by computer. The keywords were “Nrf2, ARE, stroke, traditional Chinese medicine, neuroprotection” in Chinese and English,respectively. Articles concerning the neuroprotective role of Chinese herbal monomervia Nrf2 were analyzed and discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totaly 85 articles were retrieved. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 46 articles were included in result analysis. The results show that a variety of monomers can exert neuroprotective effectsvia the Nrf2 pathway. Chinese herbal monomers include organic acids, phenols, saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, and other single or composite components. Traditional Chinese medicine has the clear neuroprotective effect after stroke, but it is lack of regularity, and it is stil need to expand the data and further research as the basis.