Objective To investigate the percent and clinical significance of regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) in lung cancer patients.Methods Sixty-six cases of lung cancer patients were collected as lung cancer group,30 healthy person were collected as control group.The percent of Treg was detected and contrasted between the two groups.Results The percents of Treg in control group and lung cancer group were 0.0356 ± 0.0122 and 0.1263 ± 0.0318,respectively,there was significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).The percent of Treg had no significantly related with gender,age,pathological type in lung cancer patients (P ＞ 0.05).The percent of Treg was significantly related with histological grade and clinical pathological stage (P＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The abnormal elevation of the percent of Treg may be involved in the occurrence and development of lung cancer,and the percent of Treg can be used as the classification and prognosis of lung cancer patients.

Thyroid carcinomas are the most common endocrine malignancies,and the overwhelming majority of them is differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).The major therapies of DTCs are surgical resection,thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) inhibitory treatment and iodine radioisotope (131I) treatment.131I has been widely applied for the diagnosis and treatment of DTC,however,part of these patients may reduce or loss the uptake capacity of 131I owing to the alteration of sodium-iodide symporter gene,BRAF,paired box 8,microRNA and cytokeratin 19.These genes are particularly important in the treatment of DTC,which can be used as biomarkers in the treatment efficacy evaluation.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of vacuum sealing drainage and traditional method on subcutaneous effusion after spinal operation .Methods From June 2009 to June 2011 ,52 cases were randomly divided into 2 groups:group A(treat with vacuum sealing drainage) and group B(treat with traditional method ) .Comparing the cure rate ,wound healing time ,infection rete and satisfaction rate between two groups .Results All cured cases were followed up for 3 months ,all wounds achieved primary healing postoperatively ,and without recurrence .The cure rate was 92 .31% (24/26)in group A ,there was statistically significant difference compared with group B[69 .23% (18/26)](χ2 =4 .457 ,P<0 .05) .The wound healing time was(12 .13 ± 1 .39) d in group A ,and(17 .72 ± 1 .78) d in group B ,which showed statistically significant difference between two groups (t=11 .455 ,P<0 .05) . The satisfaction rate was 84 .62% (22/26)in group A ,and 61 .54% (15/26)in group B ,which showed statistically significant differ-ence between two groups(χ2 =4 .457 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion The clinical effects of vacuum sealing drainage on subcutaneous effu-sion after spinal operation was obviously superior to traditional method ,and vacuum sealing drainage has advantages such as less pain ,more satisfaction in patients and less workload in medical staff .

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of interventional procedures in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism(PE). Methods Pulmonary arterial thrombolytic therapy, suction and fragmentation of thromhi, anti-spasm, and balloon dilation were performed in eighteen cases with clinically highly suspected PE confirmed by emergent pulmonary artery angiography beforehand. Wedged pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary recanalization rate, the display ratio of distal pulmonary capillary net, blood gas analysis, blood oxygen saturation, and the improvement of clinical symptoms and signs were used for evaluation of the effectiveness. Seventeen of the alive cases with dislodgement of deep vein thrombi of the lower extremities were confirmed for the formation of PE and then thrombolytic treatment of the thrombotic deep vein was performed after the placement of inferior vena cava filter. Results Pulmanory artery angiographies showed embolism of the pulmonary arterial trunks or more than two of the branches. The post-treatment pulmonary patency reached 80%-90% in three cases, 90%-95% in eleven cases and 100% in five cases. The display ratio of distal pulmonary capillary net was over 90% in all the cases. Wedged pulmonary arterial pressure decreased to below 25 mmHg in thirteen cases, and to 25-30 mmHg in five cases. Blood oxygen saturation rate improved immediately to 90%-95% in ten cases and to 95%-100% in eight cases. Cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and chest pain were completely relieved in thirteen cases and significantly relieved in five cases. Digestive track bleeding was complicated in one case. Conclusions Pulmonary artery angiography is the golden standard for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Interventional therapy is very effective for acute pulmonary embolism, which can significantly reduce the mortality rate.

Objective To discuss the application of sperm mobility parameters in semen quality analysis. Methods The semen samples from 2343 outpatient males were examinated following theWorld Health Organization (WHO) guide, and sperm mobility parameters were also evaluated.Results There are significant difference of all sperm mobility parameters between normal and unnormal semen groups. As spermatozoa vialibity reduced, VCL、VSL、VAP、MAD、ALH、STR had decreased and BCF had increased significantly. Compared with the group which spermatozoa density and activity were both normal, LIN、STR had reduced and MAD、BCF had increased in the small quantity sperm group. All parameters were significant difference besides ALH in the lower sperm activity group. And for that in the group which spermatozoa density and activity were both unnormal, only MAD and ALH were no significant difference. Conlusion Sperm mobility parameters may serve as key parameters of semen quality analysis and play an important role in evaluating the ability of male fertility.

PURPOSE Anti-cancer drug treatment induces cell death by apoptosis, whether the gene p53 undergoes mutant changes is found to have a close relationship with anti-cancer drugs. The aim of this work is to investigate the role that p53 plays in the 5-FU-induced apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells in vitro. METHODS Thirty-nine col-orectal cancer samples from patients were treated with 5-FU (10?g/ml) and folinic acid (5?g/ml. 10?g/ml) in vitro, using the in situ Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase assay (TDT) to detect the chemosensitivity. p53 mutations from tumor DNA were detected, after amplication by PCR of exons 5 to 8. by non-radioactive single-strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP). RESULTS p53-gene mutations were observed in 43. 6% (17/39) of colorectal carcinomas. When TDT assay was used to detect the tumor apoptotic rate, cells with mutated p53 had less chemosensitivity than those without (16. 4% ?4. 89% vs 26. 6%? 6. 80% P

BACKGROUND: The source of conspecific heart transplantation organ is very limited and deficiency becomes more and more obvious.OBJECTIVE: To observe the mechanical properties of ascending aorta at one-dimensional loading between healthy persons and swine of different months, so as to provide necessary biomechanical experimental basis for anastomosing blood vessel in heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human.DESIGN: Open design SETTING: Staff Room of Anatomy, Yunyang Medical College MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Biomechanics, Yunyang Medical College from April 2002 to July 2003.Ascending aortas of human were obtained from the 6 adult male corpses without cardiovascular diseases, aged 18 to 30 years, who died for accident and donated by Yunyang Medical College. Totally 42 conspecific swine of 1 month old, with certification number of QN0202, were provided by Animal Experimental Center of Yunyang Medical College. They were raised with common foodstuff. The 42 swine were butchered respectively at 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 months, 6 swine once. After anatomical isolation and in situ measurement of respective in vivo length, ascending aorta from aorta valve ring base plane to initiation part of innominate artery was taken out (Artherosclerosis was not presented in all the samples) and divided into five equal segments, and the second and fourth segments were used for mechanical test of one-dimensional loading.METHODS: Six adult male corpses and ascending aorta of 42 swine of 1 to 7 months were performed mechanical test of one-dimensional loading.All the blood segments were pre-treated ten times with the same strain rate at room temperature 32 ℃(loading range from 0 to 0.5 N). Hysteresis disappeared after blood vessel was given periodic permanent loading and unloading, and repeated force-deformed data were obtained. Blood vessel was given loading and unloading once with the same loading range and strain rate. The recorded force-deformed data were used for computer analysis. Force and displacement were scaled with standard weight and percentage scale at the end of each time. Constant α and elastic modulus Dt/dλ were fitted from experimental data.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of the mechanical characteristic constant of ascending aorta at one-dimensional loading be tween human and swine of different months. ② Comparison of elastic mod ulus of ascending aorta at one -dimensional loading between human and swine of different months .RESULTS: ① Comparison of the mechanical characteristic constant of ascending aorta at one-dimensional loading between human and swine of different months: With the increase of month, although the material con stant of blood vessel of swine had a little increase, there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). The mechanical material constant of ascending aorta at one-dimensional loading of human was basically familiar to that of swine of 1 to 7 months (P ＞ 0.05). ② Comparison of elastic modulus of ascend ing aorta at one -dimensional loading between human and swine of differ ent months: With the increase of months, elastic modulus of ascending aorta was significantly increased in swine of 7 months old in comparison with that in other months old (P ＜ 0.05); there was no significant difference of elastic modulus of corresponding blood vessel between human and swine of different months (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference in mechanical characteristic constant and elastic modulus of ascending aorta between human and swine of 1 to 7 months. Mechanical characteristics of corresponding blood vessel were similar in some segments at least. From the mechanical angle, anastomosis of corresponding ascending aorta in the process of heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human has certain feasibility.

BACKGROUND: Due to the source of conspecific heart transplanted organ is limited and it becomes more and more deficient, and porcine cardiovascular system and haemodynamics are very similar to that of human being, therefore, domestic and foreign scholars have paid more attention on the heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human, and there are more and more basic studies about it.OBJECTIVE: To compare the zero-stress state of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk between swine of different months and healthy persons, which provides necessary vascular tissue reconstruction basis for anastomosing vessel of heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human being.DESIGN: Open experiment.SETTING: Laboratory of Biomechanics, Yunyang Medical College.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Biomechanics, Yunyang Medical College from October 2001 to September 2002. Human heart specimens were chosen from 6 male adult corpses who had no visible manifestation of cardiovascular diseases, aged 18 to 30 years. Informed consents were obtained from all the relatives. Totally 42 conspecific swine, aged one month, were also chosen and divided into 7 groups, named as 1,2,3,4,5,6 and ＞ 6 months groups respectively, with 6 in each group. Swine were anesthetized at 1,2,3,4,5,6,＞ 6 months respectively and sacrificed in each group.METHODS: The corresponding ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk were dissected and isolated. Each arterial anterior wall was labeled in situ with coloring pen, and then artery was shifted into the oxygen-saturated Kreb's solution. Five isometric vascular rings were divided along the axial direction, then each vascular ring was cut open along the radial direction. Opening angle of each vascular ring at zerostress state was measured and recorded by computer 20 minutes later(The included angel formed through connecting the middle point of inner wall of open vascular plane and two end points of inner wall). The experiment was conducted at room temperature 20-30 ℃. All the procedures of vascular samples were performed within 24 hours after subjects died.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measuring results of opening angle of ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk at zero-stress state of swine at different months and human being.RESULTS: ①Comparison of measuring results of opening angle of ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk between swine at different months and human being: Opening angle of ascending aorta of human being increased from (100.4±12.8)°at proximal end to (152.8±18.6)°at distal end. Opening angle of swine at different months increased from about 68°at proximal end to about 130°at distal end; Opening angel of pulmonary artery trunk of human being did not changed significantly along axial direction, and opening angel of pulmonary artery trunk of swine at different months increased from about 65° at proximal end to about 125°at distal end. There was significant difference of opening angle of ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk at zero-stress state between human being and swine (P=0.028 ＜ 0.05).But the opening angle of ascending aorta of human being was similar at the second segment to at the fourth and fifth segments of swine of different ages; Opening angle of each segment of pulmonary artery trunk of human being was close to that of proximal end (first and second segments) ofpulmonary artery trunk of swine.② Comparison of measuring results of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk at zero-stress state of swine at different months: Opening angle of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk of swine did not changed with the increase of age (P=-0.063 ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Opening angels of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk at zero-stress state are close in some segments between human being and swine, suggesting that corresponding ascending aorta or pulmonary artery trunk can mutually anastomose in some segments in the heterogeneic heart transplantation from swine to human, and the effect of age is not significant in vascular reconstruction.

Objectives To investigate the characteristics of neural invasion of pancreatic cancer as well as its relationship with other clinicopathological factors. Methods The neural invasion situation of 491 cases of ductal adenocarcinoma and other 22 pancreatic malignancies, 41 cases of benign tumor of pancreas and 21 cases of chronic pancreatitis was observed under light microscope, and its relationship with other clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Results The rate of neural invasion in ductal adenocarcinoma (74%) was much higher than in other types of pancreatic neoplasm (23% ,P ＜ 0.01). Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell often invaded through peripheral nerve membrane into inner nerve fiber bundle, sometimes even invaded the whole cross-sectional nerve fiber. But neural invasion was not associated with differentiation of the tumor. The occurrence of chronic inflammation in the para-tumoral pancreas (52%) was also higher than that in other types of malignant (14%) or benign lesions (15% ,P ＜0.01). Lymphocytes neural invasion rate in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was 65%, which were significantly higher than those in other types of malignant (36%) or benign lesions (22%, P ＜ 0.01). Neural invasion rate in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was associated with paratumoral chronic pancreatic inflammation and lymphocytes neural invasion, but not with lymph node metastasis. Conclusions Neural invasion was characteristic biological behavior in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

The evaluation system of PBL teaching was constructed to develop PBL teaching in combination with the characteristics of medical courses. It covered students evaluation system, teacher's evaluation, and teaching pattern system in all aspects of teaching. The present study was carried out through repeated verification in many clinical medicine curriculum and many grades of students, and standardized assessment model, a more mature evaluation system, has been fully applied. All the indices of the evaluation system were comprehensive in contents, scientific, objective, manipulated easily and with good results, which is worth promoting the application of PBL teaching in the future.