Objective To investigate the correlation among HBV infection models,HBV Pre-S1 antigen and HBV DNA loads in serum and to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B.Methods Hepatitis B markers,HBV Pre-S1 antigen and HBV DNA loads in serum samples were detected simultaneously for 1037 cases.Results The positive rate of HBV Pre-S1 antigen was higher in HBsAg,HBeAg and HBcAb positive model than that in other models(P0.05).Conclusion The quantitative detection of HBV DNA is important for the prevention of HBV infection.The combination assay of serum HBV markers,Pre-S1 antigen and HBV DNA load was beneficial to the monitoring of disease condition of hepatitis B and to the improvement of therapeutic effect.

Objective To clone the reconstructed Hc gene of botulinum neurotoxin type A(BoNT/AHc)and to explore the soluble expression of the reconstructed gene in E.coli.Methods The gene of Hc fragment was synthesized by replacing rare codons with frequent ones in E.coli,while the components of amino acids didn't change,and the contents of AT decreased from 76.4 % to 57.3%.The reconstructed gene was then cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pQE-60.The recombinant plasmid pQE-60Hc was introduced into E.coli Origami(DE3)that was induced to express the protein.The soluble expression products were then detected by Western Blot.Finally the expressed product of recombination plasmid pQE-60Hc was analyzed with SDS-PAGE after purification through Ni-NTA column.Results The reconstructed Hc gene of BoNT/AHc was amplified by PCR.The expression vector pQE-60Hc was constructed successfully with BamH Ⅰ and Nco Ⅰto ingest both BoNT/AHc and vector pQE-60.Reconstructed gene could be expressed effectively in E.coli in soluble form.The molecular weight of expressed product of recombination plasmid pQE-60Hc analyzed by SDS-PAGE was 52 000,which was the same as anticipated.And the soluble expression product accounted for to 11.5 % of the total bacterial protein.Western blot assay showed that the expression product could bind to specific antibody agent BoNT/A.Conclusion The expression vector has been constructed and the reconstructed gene was expressed successfully and effectively in E.coli,which may provide a foundation for further study on antitoxin and vaccine.

Objective To explore initially the roles of the 3 major signaling pathways of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) in cerebral ischemia preconditioning. Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group; sham-operated group and ischemic preconditioning or ischemic tolerance group (n=6). SDS-PAGE, Western blot and Gel Doc imagine systems were applied to determine the phosphorylation and protein expression of ERK, JNK and p38 in somatosensory cortex of rat. Results The phosphorylation level of ERK1 and JNK46KD in somatosensory cortex increased significantly (P<0.05) after ischemia preconditioning. Conclusion The increased ERK1 and JNK46KD phosphorylation in somatosensory cortex may be involved in the development of cerebral ischemia preconditioning and can not be ruled out in which the role of p38.

Objective To explore initially the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in cerebral ischemic preconditioning. Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group; sham group; ischemic preconditioning or ischemia tolerance group; bee venom group; peripheral noxious tolerance group. SDS-PAGE, Western blot and Gel Doc imagine systems were applied to determine the ERK1/2 phosphorylation and protein expression in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus of rats. Results The phosphorylation level of ERK1 in somatosensory cortex increased significantly (P<0.05) after ischemic preconditioning, while no significant changes in ERK2 and that of ERK1/2 in hippocampus. No significant changes in ERK1/2 protein expression were found both in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus after ischemic preconditioning. Conclusion The increased ERK1 phosphorylation level in somatosensory cortex may be involved in cerebral ischemic preconditioning.

Objective To explore initially the role of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinases (JNK) in cerebral ischemia preconditioning.Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, sham-operated group, ischemic preconditioning or ischemic tolerance group, bee venom group, peripheral noxious tolerance group. SDS-PAGE, Western blot and Gel Doc imagine systems were applied to determine the JNK phosphorylation and protein expression in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus. Results The phosphorylation level of JNK46KD but not JNK54KD in somatosensory cortex increased significantly (P<0.05) after ischemia preconditioning, while no significant changes had been observed in that of JNK46KD and JNK54KD in hippocampus. In addition, the protein expression level of JNK46KD but not JNK54KD fell on control level in somatosensory cortex after ischemic preconditioning, while no significant changes in JNK46KD and JNK54KD protein expression were found in hippocampus. Conclusion The increased JNK46KD phosphorylation and fallen JNK46KD protein expression in somatosensory cortex may be involved in the development of cerebral ischemia preconditioning.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of fiberoptic ductoscope versus galactography for nipple discharge. Methods Literatures on comparing the diagnostic value of galactography with fiberoptic ductoseope (FDS) on the nipple discharge were searched from the Cochrane library, Evidence based medicine (EBM ),PubMed,China Vip database, and 8 studies were intaked. Then the data was analyzed by software Metadisc1.4 and Review Manager5.1. Results There are 1170 patients in the 8 studies. The pooled estimates for sensitivity of FDS and galactography was 82%, 78%, and the pooled estimates for specificity was 51%, 50%, respectively. The weighted AUC (area under curve) was 0.776, 0.705, Q*values was 0.715, 0.657, respectively. The sensitivities and specificity of the 2 methods were not significantly different. The overall diagnostic efficacy of FDS was better than that of galactography. Conclusion FDS is better than galaetography in the diagnostic value of nipple discharge.

Objective To explore initially the role of p38 mitogen activated protein kinases(p38 MAPK) in cerebral ischemic preconditioning.Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group,sham-operated group,ischemia preconditioning or ischemia tolerance group,peripheral noxious control group,peripheral noxious tolerance group.SDS-PAGE,Western blot and Gel Doc imagine systems were applied to determine the p38 MAPK phosphorylation and protein expression in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus of rat.Results No significant changes of p38 MAPK in phosphorylation level and protein expression were found both in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus after ischemia preconditioning(P>0.05,n=6).Conclusion The development of cerebral ischemia preconditioning of rat might be not involved the phosphorylation and protein expression of p38 MAPK.

Objective To establish a multiplex real-time PCR mothed for rapid detection of seven species of intracranial bacteria after surgery. Methods Firstly ,the Gram′s identification was deter mined. Secondly , according to the results of Gram identification ,the bacterium was typed by the specific primers and probes to deter mine the distribution of bacteria. Simul taneously ,the sensitivity and specificity of this method were verified by making intracranial infected sim ulated samples and contrasting national standard method. Results The method established could complete detention within 4 hours with a good specificity. Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,Escherichia coli ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa pseudomonas ,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii could be detected at concentrations of ≥102 CFU/mL. Enterococcus faecalis could be detected at concen-trations of≥103 CFU/mL. The lowest detection limita of this method is higher than culture method for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Conclusions Real-time Multiplex PCR method was with high sensitivity and specificity. It reduced the detection time greatly and has great value in early diagnosis of bacteria in intracranial infection. It should be of great significance for guiding clinical treatment.

Objective To evaluate medical chemistry adhesive in tension-free herniorrhaphy for inguinal hernia. Methods In this study, 100 patients with primary unilateral inguinal hernia were assigned to study group ( n = 50) and control group ( n = 50) during Jun. 2009 and Dec. 2009. Medical chemistry adhesive (n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, NBCA) was used in Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair in study group and suture procedure was used in control group. Patient demographics, operation time,postoperative length of stay, visual analogue scale ( VAS ) score 24 hours after surgery, incidence of postoperative chronic pain and hematoma, recurrence rate, and other complications were compared between the two groups. Results The duration of follow-up ranged from 12 months to 18 months. There were no recurrences or wound infection in the two groups. In study group, no patient complained of chronic pain postoperatively, whereas in the control group, 6 patients ( 12% ) had a significant chronic pain. In study group, 2 patients (4%) had local hematoma after operation, whereas there were 8 ( 16% ) in the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in postoperative length of stay ( P ＞ 0. 05 ), but the operation time and postoperative VAS score in study group ( 38 ± 5 min and 2. 5 ± 0. 6)were lower than in the control group (42 ± 5 min and 2. 8 ± 0. 8 ), ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Application of medical chemistry adhesive in tension-free herniorrhaphy for inguinal hernia is associated with less postoperative pain, lower incidence of hematoma, less postoperative chronic pain and shorter operation time.

Objective: To investigate the curative efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine Niaoduqing(尿毒清) in treatment of critically ill patients with renal failure(RF).Methods: Forty-six serious patients with RF in emergency intensive care unit(EICU) were treated with western medicine.Additionally,(Niaoduqing) was used orally or via nasal tube 30 g/d for 9 days.The parameters including blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Cr),pH,anion gap(AG),red blood cell(RBC),hemoglobin(Hb) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ) were recorded 3,5,7 and 9 days after treatment.Then the changes of the indexes before and after the treatment were analyzed.Results: There were obvious differences in renal function 9 days after treatment compared with that before treatment.BUN and Cr significantly(decreased),and RBC increased.AG and APACHEⅡdecreased significantly(all P