This summary is aimed to study the virtue,operative technique and curative effect for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH) using self-fixation intervertebral disc endoscopy. A total of 520 LIDH patients accomplishing nucleotomy with self-fixation intervertebral disc endoscopy were adopted in the experiment,including 340 males and 180 females. Their courses of disease arranged from 4 months to 10 years (17.6 months average),and follow-ups for 4-12 months. The curative effect was evaluated according to uniform standard. The curative effects were excellent in 455 cases,good in 53 cases,poor in 10 case,and the better effect rate reached 98.2%. Dura mater laceration and cerebrospinal fluid leak happened in 3 cases,coccygeal nerve damage resulting in leg numbness appeared in 1 case. Those cases all received operations at the early stage,and there were no similar complication or infection presenting in intervertebral gap. Self-fixation intervertebral disc endoscopy has the characteristics of mini-invasion,handling facility and quick postoperative recovery,so as to be suitable for the treatment of single segmental LIDH. Additionally,it plays an impact on the cases with local spinal stenosis,osteophyma hyperplasia,lateral crypt constriction and nerve canal constriction.

15?， PASA≥ 11?； typeⅥ has metatarsal- phalangeal osteoarthritis. Each of them has its own particular pathogenesis and should be operated upon by different procedures respectively.

BACKGROUND: The appearances of spiral computer tomograph (CT) and three-dimensional image processing are of very importance for fully evaluating preoperative pathological changes,which represent various cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) in clinic, and choosing proper clinical therapeutic occasion and methods.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of imageological image and technical advantages of three-dimensional spiral CT on the preoperative evaluation and surgical plan of CSM.DESIGN: Retrospective analysis, controlled observation.SETTING: Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University. PARTICIPANTS:Altogether 268 patients with CSM admitted to Nanjing First Hospital from January 2002 to January 2005 were involved in this experiment. The involved patients were randomly assigned into preoperative evaluation group (n =146) and control group (n =122). The baseline materials of two groups were comparable.METHODS:Preoperative evaluation group:① CT scan and three-dimensional reconstruction:Helical scanning was conducted at transverse plane with TOSHIBA-HiSpeed/I screw machine. After scanning, reconstruction was performed finally, three-dimensional reconstruction was conducted on computer workstation (RadworkS. 1 ). Correlative data were measured and analyzed with image analysis software (ADW3.1). ② Design of three-dimensional CT-assisted operation plan: Cervical vertebral osseous anatomic landmark and the anatomic relationship of its adjacent structure were revealed stereoscopically.Individual orthopaedic location marker could be provided.Preoperative routine CT examination was performed in the control group with conventional operation method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The hyperostosis of vertebral body, hamular process joint and small articular process were observed. ②The degree and type of intervertebral disc protrusion were observed. ③The changes of hyperostosis before and behind the vertebral canal. Spinal decompression was observed by CT virtual endoscopy (CT-VE).RESULTS: All the 268 patients participated in the result analysis. ① In the preoperative evaluation group, 129 patients were found with intervertebral disc protrusion,109 patients with vertebral posterior marginal hyperostosis, 61 patients with hypertrophic ligamentum flavum and corrugation, 27 patients with posterior longitudinal ligament calcification,31 patients with hyperostosis at small articular process,29 patients with vertebral plate thickening and 18 patients with vertebral olisthy.The visible anatomical structures were in accord with clinical manifestations and imageological structures. Death, laryngeal nerve injury, bone graft displacement, infection and other complications were not found in all the patients. In the postoperative 6th month, X-ray image showed that all the patients had good bone graft fusion, and no titanic plate or bolt loosening or fragmentation was found. The excellent and good rate evaluated by Odom was 95.9%.② In the control group,postoperative X-ray image and CT showed that vertebral canal decompression of 24 patients was not fully, and the positions of titanic plate or bolt of 17 patients were not satisfying. The excellent and good rate evaluated by Odom (84.4%) in the control group was lower than that in the preoperative evaluation group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: Preoperative observation of cervical vertebral individual three-dimensional CT is helpful to exactly and generally evaluate cervical spondylotic myelopathy and assistantly make operative plan,whick makes intraoperative manipulation more exactive, safer and easier to be controlled.

Objective:To research on protective immunity of omph DNA vaccine against avian Pasteurella multocida in mice.Methods: The omph gene fragment amplified by PCR from avian Pasteurella multocida was cloned into pMD18-T.Subsequently it was subcloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+),and the recombinant plasmid pOMPH was obtained.Then the recombinant plasmid was trans fected into SP2/O cells in vitro.The transcription and expression of target gene were analyzed by RT-PCR,Westem blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence.Three groups of BALB/c mice(n=16) named pOMPH,pCDNA3.1(+) and PBS were intramuscularly vaccinated with the recombinant plasmid,control vector and PBS respectively.The serum antibodies were detected by indirect ELISA.The spleen lymphocyte proliferation (SLP) and secreted IFN-γof spleen were tested by MTT.The mice were challenged with virulent of avian Pasteurella multocida on week 2 post the third immunization,the protection rate were counted.Results: RT-PCR,Western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence showed that the omph gene could be,transfected into SP2/0 cells in vitro and expressed the target protein.Indirect ELISA showed that the levels of antibodies in pOMPH group were most significantly higher than in the other groups(P＜0.01).Spleen lymphocyte proliferation by MTT assay indicated that the SI value induced with avian Pasteurella multocida Omps in pOMPH group was higher than those in pCDNA3.1 (+) and PBS groups (P＜0.05).The IFN-γexperiments(Double-antibodies-sandwich-ELISA)showed that the levels of IFN-γ induced with Omps in the group of pOMPH was mostly higher than in the other control groups apperent(P＜0.01 ).The protection rate of pOMPH(70%) was better than in the other groups.Conclusion: The omph DNA vaccine against avian Pasteurella multocida had been constructed successfully.The DNA vaccine could enhance the immunity level and the protective effect of the vaccinated mice.Present study may be useful for the development of avian Pasteurella multocida vaccine.

Objective:To research on protective immunity of omph DNA vaccine against avian Pasteurella multocida in mice.Methods:The omph gene fragment amplified by PCR from avian Pasteurella multocida was cloned into pMD18-T.Subsequently it was subcloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+),and the recombinant plasmid pOMPH was obtained.Then the recombinant plasmid was transfected into SP2/0 cells in vitro.The transcription and expression of target gene were analyzed by RT-PCR,Western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence.Three groups of BALB/c mice(n=16) named pOMPH,pCDNA3.1(+) and PBS were intramuscularly vaccinated with the recombinant plasmid,control vector and PBS respectively.The serum antibodies were detected by indirect ELISA.The spleen lymphocyte proliferation (SLP) and secreted IFN-? of spleen were tested by MTT.The mice were challenged with virulent of avian Pasteurella multocida on week 2 post the third immunization,the protection rate were counted.Results:RT-PCR,Western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence showed that the omph gene could be transfected into SP2/0 cells in vitro and expressed the target protein.Indirect ELISA showed that the levels of antibodies in pOMPH group were most significantly higher than in the other groups(P

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of Intraoperative Iso-C3D navigation guiding cervical pedicle screw fixation. Methods Twenty-two cases adopted cervical pedicle screw fixation of cervical spine, including 9 cervical spine fractures, 4 cervical tumors, 6 cervical destabilizing, 3 cervical syndrome. The cervical pedicle screw position were assessed with post-operative CT by grade. Results One hundred and twelve screws were fixed in 22 cases successfully. Grade: 107 in A grade (95.5%); 3 in B grade: 1 in C grade; 1 in D grade. There were not any complication. Conclusion Intraoperative Iso-C3D navigation can improve precision of cervical petiole screw fixation distinctively.

Objective To evaluate the application of infrared fluoroscopic navigation guiding pedicle screwfixation of thoracic-lumbarspine.Methods The pedicle screw fixation of thoraic-lumbar spine was adopted in 32 patients,including 19 cases with thoracic-lumbarspine fractures,5 cases with protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc or vertebral canal stenosis,8 cases with lumbar spine slippage.The timefor pedicle screwfixation and amount of bleeding were recorded.The pedicle screwposition was assessed with post-operative CTby using An-drewgrade.Results Totally148 screws were fixed in 32 cases successfully,including10 screws in T11,20 in T12,18 in L1,36 in L2,16 inL3,26 in L4,28 in L5,and 14 in S1.According to andrewgrade,165 screws were inⅠgrade(98%),2 inⅡgrade,and 1 inⅢ grade.Nonerve and spinal cord damage was observed after operation.The average time of per pedicle screwfixation was(10?2.4) min.The averageamount of bleeding was(400?52.3) ml in thoracic-Lumbar Spine fractures,(200?36.8) ml in protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc orvertebral canal stenosis,and(300?44.6) ml in Lumbar Spine slippage.Conclusion Infrared fluoroscopic navigation can improve the pre-cision of pedicle screw fixation of thoraic-lumbar spine,reduce the amount of bleeding,and shorten the operative time.

Objective:To investigate the effects of breast milk to total milk intake ratio during hospitalization on the duration of antibiotic therapy in preterm infants less than 34 weeks of gestation.Methods:Clinical data of preterm infants ( n=1 792) less than 34 gestational weeks were retrospectively collected in 16 hospitals of Jiangsu Province Neonatal-Perinatal Cooperation Network from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021. The days of therapy (DOT) were used to evaluate the duration of antibiotic administration. The median DOT was 15.0 d (7.0-27.0 d). The patients were divided into four groups based on the quartiles of DOT: Q 1 (DOT≤7.0 d), Q 2 (7.0 d27.0 d) groups. According to the breast milk intake ratio (breast milk intake to total milk intake during hospitalization×100%), they were also divided into four groups: very-low-ratio breastfeeding group (breast milk intake ratio≤25%), low-ratio breastfeeding group (25%75%). Univariate analysis ( Chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test) was used to analyze the factors influencing DOT. Spearman correlation analysis and trend Chi-square test were used to explore the relationship between breast milk intake ratio and DOT. After using multiple imputations to address missing data, two models were constructed after adjusting for different factors, and multinomial logistic regression model was applied to evaluate the effects of the breast milk intake ratio on DOT. Finally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the stability of the models. Results:(1) Of the 1 792 preterm infants, there were 507 (28.3%) in the Q 1 group, 422 (23.5%) in the Q 2 group, 438 (24.4%) in the Q 3 group and 425 (23.7%) in the Q 4 group. (2) The median values of DOT in the very-low-ratio, low-ratio, medium-ratio and high-ratio breastfeeding groups were 20.0 d (11.0-31.0 d), 20.0 d (11.0-32.0 d), 13.0 d (6.0-25.8 d) and 10.0 d (4.0-21.0 d), respectively. Compared with the very-low-ratio and low-ratio breastfeeding groups, the medium-ratio and high-ratio breastfeeding groups had shorter DOT (all P<0.05). (3) After adjusting for factors with P<0.1 (prenatal glucocorticoid exposure, antimicrobial use within 24 h before delivery, gestational age at delivery, birth weight, Apgar score≤7 at 1 min, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, infectious pneumonia and early-onset neonatal sepsis) between the DOT quartile groups, it showed that medium-ratio and high-ratio breastfeeding were protective factors in contrast to very-low-ratio breastfeeding in the Q 2, Q 3 and Q 4 groups as compared with the Q 1 group [Q 2 group: OR=0.50 (95% CI: 0.30-0.85) and OR=0.36 (95% CI: 0.26-0.51); Q 3 group: OR=0.31 (95% CI: 0.18-0.55) and OR=0.20 (95% CI: 0.14-0.29); Q 4 group: OR=0.22 (95% CI: 0.12-0.42) and OR=0.17 (95% CI: 0.12-0.26)]. Conclusion:Breast milk intake accounting for over 50% of total milk intake has a positive impact on reducing DOT in premature infants requiring antibiotics, which suggests that breastfeeding should be actively encouraged.