Objective To evaluate retrospectively the efficacy of cistema magna plastic repair in the treatment of Chiari malformation complicated with syringomyelia Methods Fifty-one patients suffered from Chiari malformation complicated with syringomyelia were treated in our department from May 2004 to October 2009. Seventeen patients received cistema magna plastic repairment (the decompression of posterior cranial fossa, duraplastic repair,resection of hernia below cerebellar tonsil and separation of adherence of arachnoid membrane). Results Clinical symptoms disappeared or improved in 15 cases (effective rate of 90%). MRI showed tonsillar herniation disappeared,syringomyelia narrow. MRI showed cistema magna plastic repair, syringomyelia disappeared or significantly thinned and spinal cord subarachnoid space widened. Effective treatment obtained in 12 cases (effective rate 70%). Conclusions The efficiency of Cistern magna plastic repair treating Chiari malformation with syringomyelia is satisfied.

Flowering, the floral transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, is induced by diverse endogenous and exogenous cues, such as photoperiod, temperature, hormones and age. Precise flowering time is critical to plant growth and evolution of species. The numerous renewal molecular and genetic results have revealed five flowering time pathways, including classical photoperiod pathway, vernalization pathway, autonomous pathway, gibberellins (GA) pathway and newly identified age pathway. These pathways take on relatively independent role, and involve extensive crosstalks and feedback loops. This review describes the complicated regulatory network of this floral transition to understand the molecular mechanism of flowering and provide references for further research in more plants.
Arabidopsis ; physiology ; Flowers ; physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene Regulatory Networks

0 05). For enalapril treatment, the total efficacy rate in patients in Tibet and coastal areas was 96 0% and 77 6%( P 0 05).

Objective Investigate the different changes of host cellular immunity in patients with different infection by compa-ring peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets.Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the peripheral blood lymphocyte subset a-mong 96 patients including 31 bacterial infection cases,13 fungal infection cases and 62 virus infection cases.Results Compared with control group the ratio of CD3 + T cell was increased in virus group,and the ratio of CD4 + T was decreased in fungi and virus group and the fungus is lower than the virus group,while the ratio of CD8 + T cell was increased in the two groups,and fungi group is higher than the virus,CD4 +/CD8 + ratio in the two groups were reduced.Three groups of NK cells (of CD16 + CD56 + )ratio was reduced to some extent,and bacteria group was lower than that of other two groups.The ratio of B cell was increased in Bacteria group and it was more obvious in the G+ bacteria.NK cells in G+ bacteria and G- bacteria group were relatively lower than control group,but the difference between the two groups was not significance.In virus infection cases,the ratio of CD3 + T in HBV group was higher than that of dengue fever group.And the ratio of CD3 + and NK cells were increased in the two groups.The ratio of CD4 + was decreased in dengue fever group.Conclusion Detection of lymphocyte subset can objectively reflect and help to under-stand the state of the immune function of patients with infectious diseases,providing laboratory basis for the diagnosis and preven-tion in order to reduce the infectious risk and side effect.

Objective To investigate the effect of meisoindigo inducing primary K562 cell apoptosis and its influence on the expression of conduction signal STAT5.Methods K562 cell was treated with meisoindigo for 12 h、24 h、48 h respectively.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and cell cycle,and Western blot was employed to examine the alteration of the expression of STAT5.Results ①The rate of K562 cell apoptosis treated with meisoindigo for 12 h、24 h、and 48 h was 12.5 ± 0.69,19.4± 1.07 and 42.5 ± 3.22,showing statistical significance compared with the control group (P＜0.05).②Meisoindigo could block K562 cell at the S stage,the ratio of S stage cell was increased to 70.48±6.34 with the decrease of cells at G0/G1 and G2/M stage.③Gradually reduced expression of STAT5 showed after K562 cells treated with meisoindigo from 12h to 48h.Conclusion Meisoindigo accelerrates the apoptosis of K562 cell and the mechanism may relevant to the decreased expression of STAT5.

Objective To compare the dissolution behavior between domestic trepibutone tablets and original reference product, and provide a basis for evaluating the quality consistency of generic drugs. Methods Four dissolution media recommended by Japanese Orange Book and a domestic standard dissolution media were selected to determined the dissolution profile,and f2 factor was calculated to investigate the consistency of stripping curves. Results In water,pH 4.0 and pH 1.2,the f2 of domestic formulation and reference formulation was under 50,and the dissolution profile was inconsistent.Dissolution behavior of domestic preparations of different manufacturers was dissimilar.In water,the f2 of domestic preparations of different batches of the same manufacturer was over 99.9,and the dissolution behavior was similar. Conclusion The dissolution method of existing domestic standard can not distinguish the dissolution behavior of different products,and it should be revised and completed.There is still great difference in quality between the domestic preparations and reference preparations.

Objective To study the different effects on unilateral middle cerebral artery infarction with standard large trauma craniotomy and frontotemporal craniectomy and decompression treatment.Methods The clinical data of 56 patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery infarction were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into the two groups according to the different operation methods,and compared the incidence of postoperative complications and GCS score after 1 week,GOS score after 1 month,and ADL score after 6 months and so on.Results The differences were significant between the two groups in incidence of postoperative complications [ incidence of rebleeding after the operation(A group 5 cases,B group 4 cases),showing of brain pools(A group 23 cases,B group 14 cases),lung infection(A group 7 cases,B group 13 cases),gastrointestinal bleeding(A group 8 cases,B group 17 cases),χ2 =0.579,4.703,8.606,7.081] and postoperative GCS score after a week[12 -15points(A group 5 cases,B group 2 cases),9-11points(A group 15 cases,B group 10 cases),5-8points(A group 6 cases,B group 8 cases),3-4points(A group 2 cases,B group 4 cases),death(A group 1 case,B group 3 cases),W value was 599.500,P=0.028] (all P<0.05).There was significant difference in postoperative GOS score and rate of brain tissue bulging after a month [ advantages ( A group 7 cases, B group 4 cases ) , good ( A group 15 cases, B group 8 cases),middle(A group 3 cases,B group 6 cases),poor(A group 2 cases,B group 4 cases),death(A group 1 case,B group 2 cases),encephalocele(A group 9 cases,B group 19 cases),W value was 492.000,P=0.007](all P<0.05).There was no difference in postoperative ADL score half of a year(P>0.05).Conclusion Standard large trauma craniotomy has features as decompression full,low early complication rate,and can improve the short-term efficacy of unilateral middle cerebral artery infarction in patients,and promote recovery.

Glycosyltransferases (GTs) catalyze the transfer of a sugar residue of an activated sugar donor to an acceptor molecule. Many families 1 GTs utilize an uridine diphosphate (UDP) activated sugar as donor in the glycosylation reaction, and most of these belong to a group of GTs referred to as the UGTs. The relationship between the degree of amino acid sequence identity and substrate specificity of the plant UGTs is highly complicated, and the prediction of substrate specificity based on phylogenetic analyses need to be improved by more biochemical characterization. This review summarizes the three dimensional structures of plant UGTs published in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), including the detailed substrate interactions with the sugar and receptor binding pockets and mutational analyses of some critical amino acids. It will be helpful for biochemical characterization the substrate specificity of the individual UGT, and lay the foundation for the enzymatic and genetic manipulation of plant UGTs in the future.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Glycosylation ; Glycosyltransferases ; chemistry ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; chemistry ; Plants ; enzymology ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Substrate Specificity ; Uridine Diphosphate ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the suppressive effect of carbon monoxide-releasing molecule Ⅱ (CORM-2) on LPS induced platelet α-granule exocytosis in sepsis via soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor/mammalian uncoordinated 18b (SNARE/Munc18b) complex formation.Methods Blood was collected from healthy volunteers' cubital vein, then platelets were isolated by differential centrifugation. Platelets were randomly divided into 5 groups. The control group did not undergo any treatment, the LPS group received 10 mg/L LPS simulation, the CORM-2 group and iCORM-2 group underwent LPS simulation and immediate administration of CORM-2 (10μmol/L and 50μmol/L) or iCORM-2 (50μmol/L), respectively. Samples were incubated in a CO2-incubator at 37 ℃, 95% humidity, and 5% CO2. Platelet α-granule contents were detected by using standard enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), including platelet factor 4 (PF4), platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). The expression of P-selectin was detected by flow cytometer. Transmission electron microscope and immunofluorescence microscope was used to assess platelet α-granules distribution. Expressions of Munc18b and SNARE proteins including vesicle-associated membrane protein-8 (VAMP-8), synaptosomal-associated protein-23 (SNAP-23) and syntaxin-11 (STX-11) were detected by Western Bolt. The SNARE/Munc18b complex formation was detected by immunoprecipitation.Results Compared with the control group, levels of PF4, PDGF-BB, MMP-2 and P-selectinin LPS-induced platelets were found to markedly elevated, while CORM-2 (10μmol/L and 50μmol/L) could decrease platelet α-granule contents exocytosis: [PF4 (μg/L): 7.69±0.58, 6.03±0.71 vs. 10.13±0.82; PDGF-BB (μg/L): 112.71±1.79, 102.91±5.86 vs. 128.78±1.39; MMP-2 (ng/L): 32.94±2.73, 27.58±3.36 vs. 53.26±1.21; P-selectin: (17.14±0.57)%, (15.35±0.68)% vs. (23.78±0.62)%; allP < 0.01]. Transmission electron microscope and immunofluorescence microscope showed that the extent of platelet α-granules assembled to platelet plasma membrane was significantly decreased following CORM-2 treatment. Compared with the control group, the expressions of Munc18b and SNARE proteins and SNARE/Munc18b complex formation in LPS-stimulated platelets were significantly increased, while CORM-2 (10μmol/L and 50μmol/L) inhibited these elevations (Munc18b/GAPDH: 0.80±0.08, 0.69±0.01 vs. 0.99±0.09; VAMP-8/GAPDH: 0.72±0.09, 0.50±0.12 vs. 1.18±0.14; SNAP-23/GAPDH: 1.18±0.22, 0.63±0.10 vs. 1.90±0.08; STX-11/GAPDH: 0.76±0.02, 0.57±0.08 vs. 1.16±0.23; VAMP-8/ Munc18b: 0.65±0.09, 0.53±0.07 vs. 1.21±0.20; SNAP-23/Munc18b: 0.85±0.07, 0.55±0.09 vs. 1.26±0.08; STX-11/ Munc18b: 0.78±0.05, 0.61±0.10 vs. 1.39±0.16; allP < 0.01). Above all, the data showed a dose dependent change.Conclusion We could suggest that CORM-2 suppressed α-granule exocytosis in LPS-stimulated platelets and the potential mechanisms might involve SNARE/Munc18b complex formation.

Objective To observe the short term clinical effect of OSSTEM implant system in the treatment of submerged and non-submerged healing in posterior region.Methods Sixty-two patients(80 OSSTEM implants) in the oral and maxillofacial surgery department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from July 2013 to July 2015 were randomly divided into the group A (submerged healing) and B (non-submerged healing).The lack of teeth area in all subjects was performed the OSSTEM artificial teeth routine implant,moreover the changes of peri-implant bone level,gingival bleeding index and implant retention rate were performed the comparative analysis after 1-year load.The peri-implant bone level was performed the statistical analysis by adopting the independent sample T test and the gingival bleeding index was analyzed by adopting the Fisher exact probability test using SPSS17.0 software package.Results The implant retention rates in both groups were 100%.The medial peri-implant bone levels were (0.59±0.19) mm in the group A and (0.58±0.21)mm in the group B,the difference had no statistical significance(P>0.05).The distal peri-implant bone levels were (0.55±0.19) mm in the group A and (0.56±0.20)mm in the group B,the difference between the two groups had no statistical significance(P>0.05).Conclusion The submerged healing and non-submerged healing in OSSTEM implant system can achieve good implant healing of soft and hard tissue and bone integration,the effect is good,which all can serve as the routine healing mode of OSSTEM implant.