OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation on tendon-bone healing of rotator cuff in rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-four male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation group (experimental group, n=12) and simple suture group (control group, n=12). Both groups were subjected to acute supraspinatus tendon injury and repaired with corresponding techniques. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation, 4 specimens from each group were taken from the right shoulder joint for histological examination (HE staining, Masson staining, and Safranin O-fast green staining), and the left shoulder was subjected to biomechanical tests (maximum tensile load and stiffness). RESULTS: Both groups of animals survived until the completion of the experiment after operation. At 4 weeks after operation, both groups showed less collagen fibers and disorder at the tendon-bone junction. At 8 weeks, both groups showed reduced inflammation at the tendon-bone junction, with more organized and denser collagen fibers and chondrocytes. The experimental group showed better results than the control group. At 12 weeks, the experimental group showed typical tendon-bone transition structure, with increased generation of collagen fibers and chondrocytes, and the larger cartilage staining area. Both groups showed an increase in maximum tensile load and stiffness over time ( P<0.05). The stiffness at 4 weeks and the maximum tensile load at 4, 8, and 12 weeks in the experimental group were superior to control group, and the differences were significant ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in stiffness at 8, 12 weeks between the two groups ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION Autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation can effectively promote the fiber and cartilage regeneration at the tendon-bone junction of rotator cuff and improve the biomechanical effect of shoulder joint in rabbits.
Animals ; Rabbits ; Male ; Wound Healing ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Periosteum/transplantation* ; Rotator Cuff Injuries ; Rotator Cuff/surgery* ; Tendons/surgery* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Chondrocytes/transplantation* ; Tendon Injuries/surgery* ; Tensile Strength

Objective:To compare the arthroscopic autologous osteochondral transfer (AOT) and arthroscopic subscapularis augmentation (ASA) in the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20%.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical data of 42 patients who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20% from January 2022 to January 2023. There were 30 males and 12 females, with an age of (32.2±15.2) years. Altogether 12 left shoulders and 30 right shoulders were affected. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to their surgical methods: an AOT group in which 15 cases were treated with AOT and an ASA group in which 27 cases treated with ASA. The Rowe score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), and shoulder range of motion were compared between groups at the last follow-up. All the above indexes were compared between pre-surgery and post-surgery in each group. The incidence of complications in the 2 groups was recorded.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P > 0.05). A total of 42 patients were followed up for (17.2±5.9) months after surgery. At the last follow-up, in the ASA group and the AOT group respectively, the Rowe score was (97.0±4.4) points and (98.3±2.4) points, the ASES score (97.9±5.2) points and (99.1±3.7) points, and the VAS score 0 (0, 0) point and 0 (0, 1) point, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups ( P > 0.05). The above items in the 2 groups were significantly improved compared with those before surgery ( P < 0.05). At the last follow-up, in ASA group and AOT group respectively, shoulder abduction was 169.2°±3.0° and 168.3°±3.1°, and flexion 171.9°±4.0° and 173.3°±4.1°, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups ( P > 0.05); the abduction 90° external rotation was 67.3°±3.2° in the AOT group, significantly better than that in the ASA group (64.4°±3.5°) ( P < 0.05). The above items in the 2 groups were significantly improved compared with those before operation ( P < 0.05). Follow-ups revealed no infection or osteoarthritis. After surgery, 1 case of shoulder re-dislocation and 6 cases of shoulder pain occurred in the ASA group, while no cases of shoulder re-dislocation or shoulder pain occurred in the AOT group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the incidence of complications ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:In the treatment of patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20%, both AOT and ASA can improve shoulder function, but AOT is superior to ASA in 90° external rotation.

Objective:To compare the arthroscopic autologous osteochondral transfer (AOT) and arthroscopic subscapularis augmentation (ASA) in the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20%.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical data of 42 patients who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20% from January 2022 to January 2023. There were 30 males and 12 females, with an age of (32.2±15.2) years. Altogether 12 left shoulders and 30 right shoulders were affected. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to their surgical methods: an AOT group in which 15 cases were treated with AOT and an ASA group in which 27 cases treated with ASA. The Rowe score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), and shoulder range of motion were compared between groups at the last follow-up. All the above indexes were compared between pre-surgery and post-surgery in each group. The incidence of complications in the 2 groups was recorded.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P > 0.05). A total of 42 patients were followed up for (17.2±5.9) months after surgery. At the last follow-up, in the ASA group and the AOT group respectively, the Rowe score was (97.0±4.4) points and (98.3±2.4) points, the ASES score (97.9±5.2) points and (99.1±3.7) points, and the VAS score 0 (0, 0) point and 0 (0, 1) point, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups ( P > 0.05). The above items in the 2 groups were significantly improved compared with those before surgery ( P < 0.05). At the last follow-up, in ASA group and AOT group respectively, shoulder abduction was 169.2°±3.0° and 168.3°±3.1°, and flexion 171.9°±4.0° and 173.3°±4.1°, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups ( P > 0.05); the abduction 90° external rotation was 67.3°±3.2° in the AOT group, significantly better than that in the ASA group (64.4°±3.5°) ( P < 0.05). The above items in the 2 groups were significantly improved compared with those before operation ( P < 0.05). Follow-ups revealed no infection or osteoarthritis. After surgery, 1 case of shoulder re-dislocation and 6 cases of shoulder pain occurred in the ASA group, while no cases of shoulder re-dislocation or shoulder pain occurred in the AOT group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the incidence of complications ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:In the treatment of patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20%, both AOT and ASA can improve shoulder function, but AOT is superior to ASA in 90° external rotation.

Mastoparans (MP), a class of α-helix cationic insect-derived antimicrobial peptides, have a broad spectrum of biological activities including inhibiting bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. Amino acid substitution, peptide modification, peptide chain cyclization, and dosage form modification can enhance the biological activities and target and reduce the toxicity of mastoparans. In this review, we summarize the structure, biological function and modification methods of mastoparans, and prospect the development of antibacterial drugs based on mastoparans, so as to provide reference for the research of mastoparans as a new antibacterial drug.
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology* ; Peptides/chemistry* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry* ; Wasp Venoms/chemistry* ; Animals

Objective To establish a HPLC fingerprints of Biyuanjing capsules. Methods The column was Agilent SB-C₁₈(4.6mm×250 mm, 5 µm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was 210 nm. The detection time was 80 min. Results The HPLC fingerprints of Biyuanjing capsules were established. Twenty common peaks were confirmed, of which, 15 peaks were belonging to each crude drug and 5 peaks were identified as chemical components. The overall similarity of the fingerprints of 10 batches of samples was above 90% comparing with the control. Conclusion This method can be used for the quality control of Biyuanjing capsules.

Objective:To investigate the physiological changes of people when advancing rapidly to the plateau, and to evaluate the performance of high-altitude simulation device.Methods:A total of 24 healthy volunteers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 individuals in each by the random number table method. The high-altitude simulation device was used to simulate the plateau in two stages. The first stage simulated an altitude of 3 500 m (equivalent to high altitude), and the second stage was performed after an interval of 24 hours from the first stage, which simulated an altitude of 5 000 m (equivalent to ultra-high altitude). During the two stages, for blood routine and blood gas analysis, blood samples were taken before entering the chamber of each stage, and at the simulated altitudes of 3 500 and 5 000 m in the chamber. Furthermore, ECG tests were also conducted before and after entering the chamber. In the case of cardiac abnormality, the cardiac enzyme test would be carried out. Meanwhile, one volunteer in each group was under ECG monitoring.Results:As the simulated altitude increased, the volunteers’ pulse rates increased gradually, while their saturation of periferal oxygen(SpO 2) decreased gradually. Comparing the pulse rate and SpO 2 at 3 500 m with those before entering the chamber, and comparing the pulse rate and SpO 2 at 5 000 m with those before entering the chamber; all the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05, or P<0.01). The blood routine tests demonstrated a significant increase in the total counts of red blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets and white blood cells and other contents at the first stage, i. e., 3 500 m; and the differences were statistically significant compared with those before entering the chamber ( P<0.05, or P<0.01). Furthermore, the pH values increased gradually, whereas arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2), oxygen saturation (SaO 2), and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) decreased gradually. The significant decrease in HCO 3- showed at 5, 000 m, and the differences were statistically significant compared with those before entering the chamber ( P<0.05, or P<0.01). Conclusion:The plateau simulation can reflect physiological changes of the human body after advancing rapidly to the plateau under the premise of ensuring safety. It has laid a foundation for the further implementation of plateau acclimatization on plain area.

Objective:To investigate the physiological changes of people when advancing rapidly to the plateau, and to evaluate the performance of high-altitude simulation device.Methods:A total of 24 healthy volunteers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 individuals in each by the random number table method. The high-altitude simulation device was used to simulate the plateau in two stages. The first stage simulated an altitude of 3 500 m (equivalent to high altitude), and the second stage was performed after an interval of 24 hours from the first stage, which simulated an altitude of 5 000 m (equivalent to ultra-high altitude). During the two stages, for blood routine and blood gas analysis, blood samples were taken before entering the chamber of each stage, and at the simulated altitudes of 3 500 and 5 000 m in the chamber. Furthermore, ECG tests were also conducted before and after entering the chamber. In the case of cardiac abnormality, the cardiac enzyme test would be carried out. Meanwhile, one volunteer in each group was under ECG monitoring.Results:As the simulated altitude increased, the volunteers’ pulse rates increased gradually, while their saturation of periferal oxygen(SpO 2) decreased gradually. Comparing the pulse rate and SpO 2 at 3 500 m with those before entering the chamber, and comparing the pulse rate and SpO 2 at 5 000 m with those before entering the chamber; all the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05, or P<0.01). The blood routine tests demonstrated a significant increase in the total counts of red blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets and white blood cells and other contents at the first stage, i. e., 3 500 m; and the differences were statistically significant compared with those before entering the chamber ( P<0.05, or P<0.01). Furthermore, the pH values increased gradually, whereas arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2), oxygen saturation (SaO 2), and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) decreased gradually. The significant decrease in HCO 3- showed at 5, 000 m, and the differences were statistically significant compared with those before entering the chamber ( P<0.05, or P<0.01). Conclusion:The plateau simulation can reflect physiological changes of the human body after advancing rapidly to the plateau under the premise of ensuring safety. It has laid a foundation for the further implementation of plateau acclimatization on plain area.

Objective: To understand effects of timing and duration of separation experiences from parents on emotion regulation of left-behind preschoolers,and to provide the reference for phychological instruction and intervention among the special groups of children. Methods: Children’s emotion regulation strategy and the relevant information among 1 373 left-behind preschool children from Funan county in Fuyang.Qianshan county in Anqing,Changfeng county and Fexi county inFeixi were investigated. Results: Children with left-behind experiences younger than 18 months old tend to use less cognitive restructuring (P=0.03) and alternative action strategies (P=0.00) than non-left behind children. Children separated from father less than 47 months (median) and 36 months (median) from mother tend to use less cognitive restructuring (P=0.00) and alternative action strategies (P=0.00) than non-left behind children. Conclusion Separation experiences from parents younger than 18 months old exert severe damage on children’s emotional regulation. With the duration of separation increases, children show resilience of emotion regulation, which might be a protective factor for negative emotion due to parent-child separation.

Objective To know the anxiety status of preschool children in rural areas and to explore its influential factors. Methods Subjects of 1363 rural preschool children aged 3-6 years were selected from Anhui Province( Changfeng and Feixi county of Hefei city; Qianshan county of Anqing city; Funan county of Fuyang city) . The primary caregivers of preschool children were investigated by Chinese version of Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale (SPAS),Devereux Early Childhood Assessment for Preschoolers (DECA-P2) ,Neglect Norms for Children Aged 3 to 6 Years in Rural Areas of China,Adaptation Partnership Growth Affection Resolve (APGAR),Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and Self-rating depression (SDS). Result-s Among the 1363 preschool children,the positive rate of anxiety was 14. 7％. Physical injury fears score was highest (1. 24±0. 84),followed by social phobia anxiety (0. 86±0. 75) and separation anxiety (0. 85± 0. 74) . Except for obsessive compulsive disorder,the other four types of anxiety and total anxiety scores were negatively correlated with the total protective factors of mental resilience (r=-0. 054- -0. 070,P<0. 05). Besides,all anxiety scores were positively correlated with behavioral problems(r=0. 121-0. 237,P<0. 05)and neglect degree (r=0. 157-0. 269,P<0. 05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis of different anxiety types showed that gender,family type,family income status,parental rearing pattern was consistent or inconsistent,children' s neglect degree,behavior problem and anxiety/depression status of primary caregivers were the main factors affecting the anxiety level of preschool children in rural areas. Conclusions In order to reduce or avoid anxiety of preschool children,it is necessary to establish a good family environment,im-prove parents' upbringing level,and take effective education intervention.

Objective To investigate the effects of Gegenqinlian Decoction on the IL-1β level in the patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods Seventy patients with chronic periodontitis were divided into the observation group and control group,35 cases in each group.The control group was given the periodontal basic treatment.On the basis of the control group,the observation group was given Gegenqinlian Decoction.The probing depth,attachment level and bacterial plaque index level before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.The levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum and gingival crevicular fluid were measured before and after treatment in the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 94.29%,which was significantly higher than 71.43% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.437,P<0.05).After treatment,the probing depth,attachment level and bacterial plaque index in the two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05),but which in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum and gingival crevicular fluid after treatment in the two groups were decreased significantly (P<0.05),but which in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Gegenqinlian decoction can significantly reduce the IL-1β level in the patients with chronic periodontitis,reduces inflammation reaction and improves the therapeutic effect.