Objective To study the relation between the clinical feature and glycoprotein D gene sequence analysis of a wild strain of HSV 2 isolated from one relapsed patient with genital herpes. Methods The partial glycoprotein D gene sequence of the above mentioned strain was amplified and cloned with PCR. Results The comparison of the amino acid sequence of gD gene between the wild strain and HSV 2G strain published showed that there was a mutation at site80 and site159. Conclusion In order to develop effective vaccine which is suitable for China, it is necessary to investigate the differences of the gene structure and function of gD among HSV isolated from China and other countries.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the assessment indicators of the accessibility of essential medicines to comprehensively evaluate the accessibility of essential medicinesand its coverage of medicine supply security and service quality and the improve-ment of the implementation of the new Healthcare reform. METHODS:Retrieved from Chinese and English Literature and the World Health Organization(WHO),theoretical analysis was conducted for the covering the core elements of essential medicines to explore construction ideas and content of essential medicines evaluation index system with international suitability,index appropri-ateness and operability. RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:A series of medicine policy evaluation guide established by WHO is current-ly the main basis of the accessibility of essential medicines evaluation around the world,however,there are certain limitations for these indicators.According to the concept put forward by WHO and the related organizations,the core elements of the accessibility of essential medicines include:availability,affordability,supply system,sustainable financing,medicine quality and appropriate use.

There is a new research model named 'registry study/patient registry' in Western medicine, which could be referred to by Chinese medicine researchers, such as active safety surveillance. This article will introduce registry study from different aspects as the developing history, features, and application in order to inform Chinese medicine researchers of future studies.
Marketing ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; economics ; Phytotherapy ; adverse effects ; economics ; Registries ; Safety Management ; methods

Objective To observe the effect of arthroscopic meniscectomy for symptomatic discoid lateral meniscus and the importance of early treatment. Methods Arthroscopic meniscectomy was performed on 29 patients (31 knees) with symptomatic discoid lateral meniscus. Partial meniscectomy was performed on 27 knees, subtotal meniscectomy on 4 knees with tear on the edge of meniscus. Results The operations on all 31 knees were successful without complications. The mean Lysholm score was 95.6 (87-100) during the follow-up, which was significantly higher than that before the operation (65.7, range 36-78; P

This study is to investigate the effect of ferulic acid on learning and memory impairments of vascular dementia (VD) rats and its mechanism of action. VD rats model was replicated by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO). The learning and memory capability of VD rats was evaluated by Morris water maze. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of glutamic acid (Glu) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in hippocampus of VD rats' brain were determined, separately. The results showed that ferulic acid could alleviate learning and memory deficits of VD rats significantly. Ferulic acid was found to inhibit the activity of AChE and increased the activity of SOD in rat hippocampus. In addition, ferulic acid could also decrease the content of Glu and MDA in rat hippocampus. These results suggested that ferulic acid could alleviate VD rats' learning and memory deficits, which might be due to antioxidation, the improvement of cholinergic system in brain, or the inhibitory of nerve injury by excitatory amino acids.

The shape and structure of granules are controlled by the granulation process, which is one of the main factors to determine the nature of the solid dosage forms. In this article, three kinds of granules of a traditional Chinese medicine for improving appetite and promoting digestion, namely, Jianwei Granules, were prepared using granulation technologies as pendular granulation, high speed stirring granulation, and fluidized bed granulation and the powder properties of them were investigated. Meanwhile, synchrotron radiation X-ray computed micro tomography (SR-µCT) was applied to quantitatively determine the irregular internal structures of the granules. The three-dimensional (3D) structure models were obtained by 3D reconstruction, which were more accurately to characterize the three-dimensional structures of the particles through the quantitative data. The models were also used to quantitatively compare the structural differences of granules prepared by different granulation processes with the same formula, so as to characterize how the production process plays a role in the pharmaceutical behaviors of the granules. To focus on the irregularity of the particle structure, the box counting method was used to calculate the fractal dimensions of the granules. The results showed that the fractal dimension is more sensitive to reflect the minor differences in the structure features than the conventional parameters, and capable to specifically distinct granules in structure. It is proved that the fractal dimension could quantitatively characterize the structural information of irregular granules. It is the first time suggested by our research that the fractal dimension difference (Df,c) between two fractal dimension parameters, namely, the volume matrix fractal dimension and the surface matrix fractal dimension, is a new index to characterize granules with irregular structures and evaluate the effects of production processes on the structures of granules as a new indicator for the granulating process control and optimization.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that arthroscopic al-inside technology for meniscus repair has achieved good outcomes, and arthroscopic suture combined with sodium hyaluronate has an important role in the cartilage repair. OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effect of arthroscopic al-inside suture repair combined with sodium hyaluronate injection in the repair of discoid meniscus tears. METHODS:Twenty-two patients with discoid meniscus injury were subjected to arthroscopic al-inside suture repair combined with sodium hyaluronate injection. Al cases were confirmed to have attached edge relaxation or longitudinal crack in operation. After repair, effective rehabilitation training was done. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The operations for the 22 cases were al successful and there was no complication. Al patients were fol owed up for over 18 months. According to Ikenchi’s method (Lysholm knee score criterion), 11 cases were rated excel ent, 8 were rated good, and 3 were rated fair, with an excel ent/good rate of 86.36%. It is demonstrated that the al-inside suture repair under the guide of arthroscopy in discoid meniscus cases can remain the most appropriate anatomical structure of the meniscus that can play an effective function, and has the advantage of minimal invasion. Arthroscopic al-inside suture repair combined with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate and standard rehabilitation training result in a lower complication rate and effectively promotes the meniscus repair.

BACKGROUND:Since cannulated screw has been applied to femoral neck fracture, it is not uncommon that the screw wear penetrates or refunds. What factors affect the stability of cannulated screw for treatment of femoral neck fractures in adults remains unclear. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To explore factors related to internal fixation failure by cannulated screws in treatment of adult femoral neck fracture and improve the stability of the adult femoral neck fracture by cannulated screws. ＜br> METHODS:A total of 92 adult patients of femoral neck fracture were treated by cannulated screws in our department between June 2007 and June 2011. Their data were retrospectively analyzed. According to clinical information and fol ow-ups, we selected factors such as age, gender, Garden type of fracture, preoperative skeletal traction, timing of surgery, Garden index, standards of pedicle screws, pedicle screw shapes, partial weight bearing time and postoperative complications, which may affect the success rate of cannulated screws for ＜br> treating femoral neck fracture. The selected factors were then grouped and assigned, after unrelated factors were excluded by one-way χ2 analysis, multiariable Logistic regression analysis was performed. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The involved 92 patients were fol owed up for 18-72 months. According to Harris assessment criteria, hip function was excellent in 28 cases, good in 25 cases, fair in 17 cases, and poor in 22 cases at the final fol ow-up, the excellent and good rate was 58%. Radiographic results showed that, the patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of the displacement, GardenⅠ (n=22) and GardenⅡ (n=29) as a group, and Garden Ⅲ (n=25) and Garden Ⅳ (n=16) as the other group, the fixation failure rate was 12%and 39%, respectively. In normol and abnormal Garden Index groups, the fixation failure rate was 16%and 59%, respectively. In nail position standards and non-attainment standards groups, the fixation failure rate was 19%and 70%, respectively. In the complication and non-complication groups, the fixation failure rate was 14%and 55%, respectively. These factor groups showed significant differences (P＜0.05). Multiariable Logistic regression analysis showed that, Garden type of fracture, Garden index, standards of pedicle screws, and postoperative complications are the risk factors for internal fixation failure using cannulated screws in treatment of the adult femoral neck fracture.

There are few articles or reports collecting evidence about parenterally administered salvianolate from premarketing and postmarketing research or studies systematically. This article is an exact miniature of a systematical report about parenterally administered salvianolate. We analyzed information from four aspects, such as quality control reports, non-clinical premarketing safety experiments, postmarketing research (efficacy studies, hospital information system data and national spontaneous reporting system data) and literature analysis. All the four aspects build an evidence body for Kudiezi Solution in order to inform its safety use in clinical practice and further study.
Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects

This study aims to explore the impact on patient's liver and kidney function by different dosage of Kudiezi injection. This study retrospectively analyzed 15 228 patients' records from 18 nationwide general hospital information system (HIS). All patients were treated with Kudiezi injection, 1 956 patients that were given doses of > 40 mL, which is above the recommended dose, acted as the observation group. Fifty-five patients receiving the recommended dose of < 40 mL were the control group. Data about alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were collected before and after using Kudiezi injection, changes after treatment were outcomes. Also recorded were: age, costs, length of hospitalization and the patients' condition on admission. Propensity score method was used to balance 71 confounding variables such as gender, age, mortality, and costs. There were no significant difference on the four indexes between the two groups. It is hard to conclude that the use of Kudiezi injection over the recommended dose could influence the four indexes of liver and kidney from this data analysis. More conclusive evidence should be collected by further prospective study.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Injections ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult