With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective:To analyze and compare the interfractional setup errors between two body posi-tioning fixation methods(lithotomy position with carbon fiber full-body fixation frame vs.conventional carbon fiber body fixation frame combined with thermoplastic membrane)in radical radiotherapy for pros-tate cancer,and to calculate the clinical target volume(CTV)to planning target volume(PTV)margin(MPTV)for both methods to optimize immobilization techniques and radiotherapy workflows.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 37 consecutive patients who underwent radical prostate radio-therapy at Peking University First Hospital between August 2021 and March 2023.The patients were di-vided into two groups based on the immobilization method:Group A(18 patients,450 CBCT image sets)used a carbon fiber whole-body fixator in the lithotomy position,while Group B(19 patients,461 CBCT image sets)used a conventional carbon fiber fixator combined with a thermoplastic mask.All the patients underwent daily cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)image guidance.Bone registration combined with manual registration was used to obtain the setup error data in the left-right(X),cranio-caudal(Y)and anterior-posterior(Z)directions.The positioning errors of the two groups were compared by using the independent sample t-test,the Mann-Whitney U test and the chi-square test.The average positioning error,systematic positioning error(Σ)and random positioning error(δ)were calculated,and the CTV-PTV extension distance was calculated by using the(MPTV=2.5Σ+0.7δ).Results:The analysis of the setup errors in the three-dimensional direction showed significant differences between the two groups(all P＜0.01).Specifically,the median(quartile)absolute values of the errors in the X,Y,and Z di-rections of group A were[0.40(0.20,0.70)cm,0.50(0.30,0.80)cm,and 0.35(0.20,0.60)cm],respectively.In group B,the corresponding values were significantly reduced to[0.20(0.10,0.40)cm,0.40(0.20,0.70)cm and 0.20(0.10,0.40)cm].The results of Mann-Whitney U test showed that the differences in each direction were highly statistically significant(X:z=-6.86;Y:z=-2.76;Z:z=-5.71).The cumulative distribution ratio of the setup error displacement within 0.5 cm in the X,Y,and Z directions in group A and group B were 297(66.0％)and 408(88.5％)(P＜0.01),250(55.6％)and 285(61.8％)(P=0.055),308(68.4％)and 391(84.8％)(P＜0.01),re-spectively.The CTV-PTV margins in three directions were X 0.66 cm in group A and 0.35 cm in group B;Y0.67 cm and 0.45 cm;Z 0.54 cm and 0.42 cm.Conclusion:Conventional carbon fiber human body fixator combined with thermoplastic film can significantly reduce the setup error.However,the car-bon fiber whole-body fixator in the lithotomy position demonstrated larger setup errors in the X,Y,and Z directions compared with the conventional fixator combined with a thermoplastic mask,indicating the need for further workflow optimization.Given that the lithotomy position is essential for transperineal ultrasound-guided techniques,further research and improvements are required to achieve higher positioning accuracy.

Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS3) is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays critical roles in energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, and insulin secretion. Recent structural studies have elucidated BRS3 signaling mechanisms using synthetic ligands, including BA1 and MK-5046. However, the molecular basis of BRS3 activation by bioactive natural compounds and their derivatives, particularly those derived from traditional Chinese medicine, remains unclear. Here, we present high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the human BRS3-G_q complex in both unliganded and active states bound by two herb-derived compounds (DSO-5a and oridonin), at resolutions of 2.9, 2.8, and 2.9 Å, respectively. These structures display distinct ligand recognition patterns between DSO-5a and oridonin. Although both compounds bind to the orthosteric pocket, they differentially engage the interaction network of BRS3, as demonstrated by mutagenesis studies assessing calcium mobilization and inositol phosphate 1 (IP1) accumulation. These findings enhance our understanding of BRS3 activation and provide valuable insights into the development of small-molecule BRS3 modulators with therapeutic potential.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Medical institutions, with their clinical practice foundation and abundant human use experience data, have become important carriers for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the "cradles" of the preparation of new TCM. To effectively promote the transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and establish an effective evaluation index system for the transformation of new TCM conforming to the characteristics of TCM, consensus experts adopted the literature research, questionnaire survey, Delphi method, etc. By focusing on the policy and technical evaluation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions, a comprehensive evaluation from the dimensions of drug safety, efficacy, feasibility, and characteristic advantages was conducted, thus forming a comprehensive evaluation system with four primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. The expert consensus reached aims to encourage medical institutions at all levels to continuously improve the high-quality research and development and transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and targeted at clinical needs, so as to provide a decision-making basis for the preparation, selection, cultivation, and transformation of new TCM for medical institutions, improve the development efficiency of new TCM, and precisely respond to the public medication needs.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/standards* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive computed tomography angiography (CTA)-based fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) could become a gatekeeper to invasive coronary angiography. Deep learning (DL)-based CT-FFR has shown promise when compared to invasive FFR. To evaluate the performance of a DL-based CT-FFR technique, DeepVessel FFR (DVFFR). METHODS: This retrospective study was designed for iScheMia Assessment based on a Retrospective, single-center Trial of CT-FFR (SMART). Patients suspected of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and undergoing both CTA and invasive FFR examinations were consecutively selected from the Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 1, 2016 to December 30, 2018. FFR obtained during invasive coronary angiography was used as the reference standard. DVFFR was calculated blindly using a DL-based CT-FFR approach that utilized the complete tree structure of the coronary arteries. RESULTS: Three hundred and thirty nine patients (60.5 ±10.0 years and 209 men) and 414 vessels with direct invasive FFR were included in the analysis. At per-vessel level, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of DVFFR were 94.7%, 88.6%, 90.8%, 82.7%, and 96.7%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was 0.95 for DVFFR and 0.56 for CTA-based assessment with a significant difference (P < 0.0001). At patient level, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of DVFFR were 93.8%, 88.0%, 90.3%, 83.0%, and 95.8%, respectively. The computation for DVFFR was fast with the average time of 22.5 ± 1.9 s. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that DVFFR was able to evaluate lesion hemodynamic significance accurately and effectively with improved diagnostic performance over CTA alone. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a critical disease in which coronary artery luminal narrowing may result in myocardial ischemia. Early and effective assessment of myocardial ischemia is essential for optimal treatment planning so as to improve the quality of life and reduce medical costs.

Objective To investigate the status of population dynamics and distribution changes of Aedes aegypti in Guangdong Province.Methods Continuous monitoring was conducted from May 2018 to July 2024 in Wushi Town and Qishui Town,Leizhou City,Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province.Additionally,a survey of the distribution of Ae.aegypti along the Leizhou Peninsula coast was carried out.Results The density of Ae.aegypti in Zhanjiang showed a gradual decline from 2018 to 2024.The last detection of adult Ae.aegypti in Wushi Town was in September 2021,and the last larva was found in October 2023.No Ae.aegypti was detected in Qishui Town during surveys from 2021 to 2024.A survey of 18 coastal villages in the Leizhou Peninsula revealed no detections of Ae.aegypti.Conclusions This study provides a basis for understanding the distribution and population density fluctuations of Ae.aegypti,assessing its invasion risk,and scientifically conducting relevant prevention and control efforts.

Pancreatic cancer has emerged as one of the most challenging malignancies worldwide,with its high resistance to chemotherapy being the primary cause of treatment failure.Therefore,enhancing the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer has become a major focus of current research.In this study,we in-vestigated how Bufotaline,a bufadienolide extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine toad venom,exhibits its antitumor activity.Specifically,we explored the potential of Bufotaline to enhance the chemo-sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to Adriamycin and elucidated its underlying molecular mechanisms.Using CCK-8 and colony formation assays,we demonstrated that Bufotaline enhances the inhibitory effect of Adriamycin on the survival of pancreatic cancer cell lines Patu-8988T,Aspc-1,and Patu-8988S.No-tably,Bufotaline treatment reduced the IC50 of Adriamycin in drug-resistant pancreatic cancer cells to lev-els comparable to those in non-resistant cells.Results from Western blot,immunofluorescence,comet as-say,and TUNEL assays revealed that Bufotaline promotes Adriamycin-induced DNA damage in pancreatic cancer cells.RNA-seq analysis of Patu-8988T cells treated with Adriamycin alone or in combination with Bufotaline showed significant changes in gene expression,and qRT-PCR analysis further confirmed that Bu-fotaline downregulates the expression of DNA damage repair proteins NBS1 and RAD50.Moreover,Western blot analysis revealed that Bufotaline reduces the levels of DNA damage response repair proteins,and Im-munofluorescence experiments indicated that Bufotaline inhibits the activation of the ATM/CHK2 signaling pathway.Finally,in a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model,the combination of Adriamycin and Bufotaline treatment significantly suppressed pancreatic cancer cell growth.In conclusion,Bufotaline enhances Adria-mycin-induced chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancer cells;the combination of Adriamycin and Bufotaline downregulates the expression of DNA damage response repair proteins NBS1 and RAD50,and inhibits the ATM/CHK2-mediated DDR signaling pathway,thereby delaying DNA damage repair.

Objective:To analyze and compare the interfractional setup errors between two body posi-tioning fixation methods(lithotomy position with carbon fiber full-body fixation frame vs.conventional carbon fiber body fixation frame combined with thermoplastic membrane)in radical radiotherapy for pros-tate cancer,and to calculate the clinical target volume(CTV)to planning target volume(PTV)margin(MPTV)for both methods to optimize immobilization techniques and radiotherapy workflows.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 37 consecutive patients who underwent radical prostate radio-therapy at Peking University First Hospital between August 2021 and March 2023.The patients were di-vided into two groups based on the immobilization method:Group A(18 patients,450 CBCT image sets)used a carbon fiber whole-body fixator in the lithotomy position,while Group B(19 patients,461 CBCT image sets)used a conventional carbon fiber fixator combined with a thermoplastic mask.All the patients underwent daily cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)image guidance.Bone registration combined with manual registration was used to obtain the setup error data in the left-right(X),cranio-caudal(Y)and anterior-posterior(Z)directions.The positioning errors of the two groups were compared by using the independent sample t-test,the Mann-Whitney U test and the chi-square test.The average positioning error,systematic positioning error(Σ)and random positioning error(δ)were calculated,and the CTV-PTV extension distance was calculated by using the(MPTV=2.5Σ+0.7δ).Results:The analysis of the setup errors in the three-dimensional direction showed significant differences between the two groups(all P＜0.01).Specifically,the median(quartile)absolute values of the errors in the X,Y,and Z di-rections of group A were[0.40(0.20,0.70)cm,0.50(0.30,0.80)cm,and 0.35(0.20,0.60)cm],respectively.In group B,the corresponding values were significantly reduced to[0.20(0.10,0.40)cm,0.40(0.20,0.70)cm and 0.20(0.10,0.40)cm].The results of Mann-Whitney U test showed that the differences in each direction were highly statistically significant(X:z=-6.86;Y:z=-2.76;Z:z=-5.71).The cumulative distribution ratio of the setup error displacement within 0.5 cm in the X,Y,and Z directions in group A and group B were 297(66.0％)and 408(88.5％)(P＜0.01),250(55.6％)and 285(61.8％)(P=0.055),308(68.4％)and 391(84.8％)(P＜0.01),re-spectively.The CTV-PTV margins in three directions were X 0.66 cm in group A and 0.35 cm in group B;Y0.67 cm and 0.45 cm;Z 0.54 cm and 0.42 cm.Conclusion:Conventional carbon fiber human body fixator combined with thermoplastic film can significantly reduce the setup error.However,the car-bon fiber whole-body fixator in the lithotomy position demonstrated larger setup errors in the X,Y,and Z directions compared with the conventional fixator combined with a thermoplastic mask,indicating the need for further workflow optimization.Given that the lithotomy position is essential for transperineal ultrasound-guided techniques,further research and improvements are required to achieve higher positioning accuracy.

Pancreatic cancer has emerged as one of the most challenging malignancies worldwide,with its high resistance to chemotherapy being the primary cause of treatment failure.Therefore,enhancing the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer has become a major focus of current research.In this study,we in-vestigated how Bufotaline,a bufadienolide extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine toad venom,exhibits its antitumor activity.Specifically,we explored the potential of Bufotaline to enhance the chemo-sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to Adriamycin and elucidated its underlying molecular mechanisms.Using CCK-8 and colony formation assays,we demonstrated that Bufotaline enhances the inhibitory effect of Adriamycin on the survival of pancreatic cancer cell lines Patu-8988T,Aspc-1,and Patu-8988S.No-tably,Bufotaline treatment reduced the IC50 of Adriamycin in drug-resistant pancreatic cancer cells to lev-els comparable to those in non-resistant cells.Results from Western blot,immunofluorescence,comet as-say,and TUNEL assays revealed that Bufotaline promotes Adriamycin-induced DNA damage in pancreatic cancer cells.RNA-seq analysis of Patu-8988T cells treated with Adriamycin alone or in combination with Bufotaline showed significant changes in gene expression,and qRT-PCR analysis further confirmed that Bu-fotaline downregulates the expression of DNA damage repair proteins NBS1 and RAD50.Moreover,Western blot analysis revealed that Bufotaline reduces the levels of DNA damage response repair proteins,and Im-munofluorescence experiments indicated that Bufotaline inhibits the activation of the ATM/CHK2 signaling pathway.Finally,in a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model,the combination of Adriamycin and Bufotaline treatment significantly suppressed pancreatic cancer cell growth.In conclusion,Bufotaline enhances Adria-mycin-induced chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancer cells;the combination of Adriamycin and Bufotaline downregulates the expression of DNA damage response repair proteins NBS1 and RAD50,and inhibits the ATM/CHK2-mediated DDR signaling pathway,thereby delaying DNA damage repair.