Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans

Aim To examine the protective effects of allopregnanolone against seizure on different animal models.Methods The protective effects of allopregnanolone against maximal electrical seizure (MES) and picrotoxin-induced seizure were studied in C57 mice 15 minutes after vehicle or drug intraperitoneal administration.Results In the MES test, we found that pretreatment with the phenobarbital or allopregnanolone produced a dose-dependent protective effect against seizure. The potency (ED50 value) of phenobarbital in the MES test was 2.40 mg?kg-1, with 95% confidence interval range from 1.22 to 4.72 mg?kg-1. The potency (ED50 value) of allopregnanolone in the MES test was 0.086 mg?kg-1, with 95% confidence interval range from 0.037 to 0.201 mg?kg-1, which was significantly higher than that of phenobarbital (P

Adult ; Fabry Disease ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Proteinuria

Through scale-up cultivation of Eriobotrya japonica suspension cells using WAVE bioreactor, the cell growth and ursolic acid (UA) accumulation were studied. The comparison test was carried out in the flask and the reactor with cell dry weight (DW) and UA content as evaluation indexes. The culture medium, DW and UA content were compared in 1 L and 5 L working volumes of bioreactor. The orthogonal test with main actors of inoculation amount, speed and angle of rotation was developed to find the optimal combination, in 1 L working volume of bioreactor. DW of the cell growth and the UA content in bioreactor were higher than those of the shaker by 105.5% and 27.65% respectively. In bioreactor, the dynamic changes of elements in the fluid culture, the dry weight of the cell growth and the UA content in 1 L and 5 L working volumes were similar. Inoculation of 80 g, rotational speed of 26 r · min(-1), and angle of 6 ° was the optimal combination, and the cell biomass of 19.01 g · L(-1) and the UA content of 27.750 mg · g(-1) were achieved after 100 h cultivation in 1 L working volume of bioreactor. WAVE Bioreactor is more suitable than flasks for the E. japonica cell suspension culture, and culture parameters can be achieved from 1 L to 5 L amplification.
Biomass ; Bioreactors ; Cell Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Eriobotrya ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; metabolism

Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Ribavirin ; therapeutic use

Adult ; Herpes Zoster ; etiology ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation

Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; drug therapy ; virology

Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Genotype ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Protease Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Viral Load ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Objective To explore the Oneomehnia distribution on electronic map based on gridding orientation pattern of marshlands in Changsha along Xiangjiang River,in order to manage snail information in a visual and digital way.Methods The data of geographic information and snail information were collected by global positioning system(GPS)and database was established using systematic sampling,and then an information management system of electronic map about the distribution of Oncomelania was designed.The degree of Oncomelania was expressed in different colors,the Oncomelania information in the database on the digital map wag reflected accurately using the geographic information system(GIS)technology.Results The electronic map of the distribution information of 20 marshlands in Changsha along Xiangjiang River were drawn.At the same time,the information could be grasped compreheusively.Digit map contains geographic information and database of snail information,such as the row and rnum,the density of alive and infectious snails,the area and geographic information et al.A method of managing and analyzing snail information with higher efficiency was offerred in this article.Conclusion Conventional methods of managing and analyzing Oncomelania information are reformed into digitalization and visualization.

Objective To investigate the MRI and echocardiography manifestations of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium(NVM)and assess the role of MRI in the diagnosis of NVM by comparing it with echocardiography.Methods Fourteen cases of NVM diagnosed by echocardiography were examined with MRI,including scanning of black-blood sequences,double inversion recovery fast spin echo (DIRFSE)and triple inversion recovery fast spin echo(TIRFSE),and white blood sequence:fast imaging employ steady state acquisition(FIESTA).Scanning plane includes short axis view,four-chamber view and long axis view.Results Both MRI and echocardiography displayed involvement of left ventricles in thirteen cases and involvement of double ventricles in one case.Apexes of heart and the intermedius are commonly affected.MRI showed 54 segments and echocardiography showed 53 segments affected,and there is no significant difference between the capability of MRI and echocardiography(P=1.000).The affected myocardium consisted of two layers:subendoeardial noncompacted myocardium and epicardial compacted myocardium,and the ratio measurement of N/C by MRI was 3.37?0.89 and it was 3.19?0.82 by echocardiography.Noncompacted myocardium was characterized by prominent and excessive myocardial trabeculations and deep intratrabecular recesses,in which the blood flow was communicated with the ventricle.One case was complicated with ventricular aneurysm,and coronary arteriography was performed with unremarkable findings.One case underwent heart transplantation because of progressive heart failure, Gross findings demonstrated prominent muscular trabeculations with deep intratrabecular recesses,which coincided well with MRI findings.Conclusion The MRI manifestation of NVM is characteristic,and MRI with multiple series and planes is helpful in the diagnose of NVM.Compared with echoeardiography,MRI could display the pathological cardiac muscle more clearly,because of its high soft-tissue resolution and spatial resolution.