Cervical Vertebrae ; Dura Mater ; Epidural Space ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms ; surgery

The alterations of ultrastrueture in rat kidney were observed under transmission electron microscopy, results showed that both glomerular filtration membranes and renal tubules had changed immediately after repeated loaded swimming and there were consistency between the recovery of renal ultrastructures and that of urinary protein and excration rate.

Objective To investigate pathogenesis of liprd metabolism disorder in children with nephrotic syndrome. Methods Serum lipid and plasma llpoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase were detected in 62 nephrotic syndrome children and 30 normal children, respectively. Results The activity of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase was lower than that in normal control group, while serum cholesterol, triglycerides and low -density lipoprotein in nephrotic group were higher than those in control group. Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase were negative correlation with triglycerides and low - density lipoprotein, respectively. Conclusions Reduced activity of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase is one of causes leading to hypertriglyceridemia in nephrotic syndrome.

Pseudorabies is an important infectious disease for many kinds of livestock and wild animals, and causes important economics losses for pig industry. Many kinds of vaccines including attenuated live viruses or inactivated are widely used for vaccination of pigs and other animals. In the present review, research advances on pseudorabies new-type vaccines such as subunit vaccine, DNA vaccine, recombination vaccine, deletion-mutant vaccine is presented and point out the further development of the vaccine.

[Objective] To discuss the relativity between the deviation of nasal spetum and acute sinusitis ’offering relative theoretic base for clinical perven-tion, causa morbi, diagnosis and treatment.[Method] Select 1 case of deviation of nasal spetum from Hangzhou City First People Hospital, make pair com-parison 2 sides of the sinus, record the attack of 2 flanks of sinus with deviation of septum(frontal sinus, maxil ary sinus, frontal and back ethmoidal cellules, sphenoid sinus) for the sinusitis, and make quantitative analysis to the severity, evalulate susceptivity and severity. [Result] There ’s no difference of statistical meaning on the occurrence rate and sinusitis scores for the 2 flanks of the patient.[Conclusion]For such patient of acute sinusitis, the susceptivity and severi-ty are the same for 2 flanks of nasal cavity; the pure correction of the deviation can ’t effectively prevent or treat acute sinusitis; for such patient, we shal correspondingly evaluate and treat the compensatory change caused by deviated spetum.

AIM To investigate whether ginsenoside Rg1 can reverse chronic lead-induced impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus. METHODS Neonatal Wistar rats were exposed to lead from parturition to weaning via milk of dams whose drinking water (20 mL per day) contained 0.2% lead acetate. Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) were recorded and LTP was induced in the CA1 region in rat hippocampal slices on postnatal 20-25 d. RESULTS In hippocampal slices from both control and lead-exposed rats, perfusion with ginsenoside Rg1 50 μmol·L-1 for 20 min induced enhancement of fEPSP (LTP), while the amplitude of LTP in lead-exposed rats was lower than that of controls. In hippocampal slices from chronic lead-exposed rats, LTP induced by high-frequency stimulation (HFS, 1s, 100 Hz) was significantly reduced, while perfusing with ginsenoside Rg1 (50 μmol·L-1) for 20 min increased the amplitudes of LTP induced by HFS by 47.1%. CONCLUSION Rg1 can increase basic synaptic transmission and partially reverse chronic lead-induced impairment of HFS-LTP.

Objective To study the effect of serum leptin in “two hits” of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods Fasting serum leptin(LEP) ,malondialdehyde(MDA) ,hyaluronic- acid(HA) ,type Ⅲ procollagen ( PCⅢ), laminin ( LN), and type Ⅳ collagen ( Ⅳ-C ) were detected in 43 simple nonalcoholic fatty liver( NAFL ) patients ,41 NASH patients and 40 healthy subjects. Insulin resistance was estimated by HOMA value and its relatio nship with leptin level in NAFLD was analyzed. The severity of lipid peroxidation was estimated by MDA and its relationship with leptin level in NAFLD was analyzed. The relationship of serum fibrosis markers with leptin level in NAFLD also was analyzed. Results Serum leptin, HOMA value in NAFLD were higher than those of healthy controis. MDA,PC Ⅲ 、Ⅳ-C 、LN 、HA in NASH were higher than those of healthy controls or simple NAFL patients. ,HOMA value, in NAFLD positively correlated with leptin. MDA, PC Ⅲ、 Ⅳ-C 、LN、HA in NASH positively correlated with leptin. Conclusion Serum leptin closely correlated with insulin resistance which results in “First hit” of NAFLD. There was certain relationship of leptin with “Second hit” of NAFLD. Leptin should be one of the factors which result in liver fibrosis.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and principle of direct reduction and fixation through the pedicle of fractured vertebra in treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures.Methods Between June 2001 and November 2005,24 cases of one level thoracolumbar burst fracture,16 males and eight females,were treated in our department.Their average age was 32.5 years old.The fractured vertebrae were as follows:T11 in two cases,T12 in nine cases,L1 in 11 cases and L2 in two cases.According to the ASIA(American Spinal Injury Association) neurological function grading system,there were one grade A,two grade B,five grade C,three grade D anti 13 grade E.The vertebral canal area blocked was rated as gradeⅠ(＜1/4)in three cases,gradeⅡ(1/4～1/2)in nine cases,gradeⅢ(1/2～3/4)in 10 cases and gradeⅣ(＞3/4)in two cases.The pedicle-screws were im- planted into the pedicles of the fractured vertebra and its adjacent ones.The connective rod was pre-bent according to the normal sagittal curvature of the fixation segment.After necessary decompression of the vertebral canal,the pedicle-screws stabilized the rod which was rotated to prop open upper and lower pedicle screws and push the burst vertebra so that the kyphosis and lateral dislocation were corrected.The graft bone was implanted between the transverse processes.Results On average,the height of fractured vertebra was restored from 48.3% of the normal value before operation to 93.6% after operation,the lateral dislocation from 17.1% to 0.6%,the Cobb's angle on the sagittal plane from 26.5?to 3.1?,and the Cobb's angle on the frontal plane from 9.5?to 0?.The area of vertebral canal was enlarged from 44.6% of the normal value to 92.1%.There were no complications.For in- complete neurological injuries,improvement of one to two grades was made in neurological functions.Conclusion Direct reduction and fixation through pedicles of fractured vertebrae is a safe and effective therapeutic option to treat the thoracolumbar burst fracture,for it can improve the stabilization and stress distribution.

0.05).Conclusion DTI can noninvasive detect the potential disorder of corpus eallosum in vivo,thus providing useful information to differentiate the cerebral ischemia disease from multiple sclerosis.

Objective To assess the patient effective dose during SPECT/CT imaging.Methods A total of 157 patients (85 males,72 females;mean age:(60.46±13.44) years,range:24-88 years) who underwent SPECT/CT from April 2013 to September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into 3 groups:99Tcm-MDP bone scan group (n=113),99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group (n=23) and 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group (n=21).The injection dose (MBq) was recorded and the effective dose (mSv) was estimated according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) guideline.The volume-weighted computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) of CT were also recorded and the effective dose (mSv) due to CT was calculated.The effective doses among different groups were statistically compared by Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.Results The effective dose from radiopharmaceuticals were (4.02±0.35) mSv for 99Tcm-MDP bone scan,(6.13±0.53) mSv for 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging and (1.66±0.13) mSv for 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging (x2=96.853;Z =7.533,7.262 and 5.676;all P＜ 0.05).The effective dose due to CT were (3.84±1.98),(1.04±0.19),(4.05±0.47) mSv respectively (x2 =41.225,P＜0.05),and there were significant differences between 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group and 99Tcm-MDP bone scan group,99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group(Z=6.046 and 5.672,both P＜0.05).The total effective dose during SPECT/CT imaging were (7.86± 1.98),(7.21±0.81) and (5.71±0.45) mSv (x2 =28.988,P＜ 0.05).There were significant differences between 99Tcm-MAA pulmonary perfusion imaging group and 99Tcm-MDP bone scan group,99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging group(Z=4.967 and 4.994,both P＜0.05).Conclusions The increase in effective dose due to spiral CT during SPECT/CT examination should be concerned.Appropriate utilization and optimization of SPECT/CT is needed.